Reviews signs, symptoms, and treatment of neurological disorders including Stroke (CVA), seizures, and pediatric issues. Presentation is over 45 slides in length. Presentation meets or exceeds USDOT NHTSA EMT Training standards.

1. PREVIEW OF
EMT/EMR NEUROLOGY
POWERPOINT TRAINING
PRESENTATION

2. BRAIN

3. SPINAL CORD

4. CAUSES OF ALTERED LEVEL
OF CONSCIOUSNESS
A-Alcohol
E-Epilepsy with seizure activity
I-Infection
O-Overdose
U-Uremia (Kidney failure)-Underdose
T-Trauma
I-Insulin-related (Diabetes)-Infection
P-Psychosis-Poisoning
S-Stroke

5. SEIZURE INCIDENCE
4th most common neurological disorder
Estimated 48 per 100,000 people or 150,000 in
the US
Incidence is higher in young children & older
adults
1 in 26 people develop epilepsy in their lifetime

6. PARTIAL SEIZURE
(FOCAL or LOCALIZED)
Affect one hemisphere of the brain
Symptoms may include
Frontal lobe-a wave-like sensation in the
head
Temporal lobe-a feeling of déjà vu
Parietal lobe-a numbness or tingling
Occipital lobe- visual disturbance or
hallucination

7. ASSESSMENT FINDINGS
Spasms, muscle contractions
Biting tongue, increased secretions
Sweating
Cyanosis
Unconscious gradually increasing level of
consciousness
Shaking or tremors and no loss of consciousness
Incontinent
Amnesia of event

8. MANAGEMENT
Safety of patient/position
ABCs, consider nasopharyngeal airway
Oral airway probably will not work
Oxygen/suction
Assist ventilation if indicated
Emotional support

9. NO NOT
Restrain patient
Attempt to put anything in the mouth

10. DOCCUMENATION OF HEADACHE
Description of pain
Time of onset
Associated symptoms
Past history of headache
Frequency & changes

11. STROKE
(CVA)
Failure of the blood flow in the brain either by a
clot or hemorrhage of a vein or artery in the
brain
Common in geriatric patients but can be seen in
patients of all ages

12. STROKE TYPES
Ischemic stroke (85%)
Thrombolic (90%)
Embolic (10%)
Caused by an interruption
of the blood flow either
by a blockage of blood
flow or hypoperfusion

13. STROKE ALERT CRITERIA
Cincinnati Prehospital Stroke Scale
Other stroke scales
National Institute of Health
FAST
Los Angeles Prehospital Stroke Screen

14. CINCINNATTI PREHOSPITAL
STROKE SCALE
Is a system used to diagnose the presence of a
stroke in a patient
It tests three signs for abnormal findings which
may indicate that the patient is having a stroke
If any one of the three tests shows abnormal
findings, the patient may be having a stroke and
should be transported to a hospital as soon as
possible

15. TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK
Signs & Symptoms
S & S similar to actual stroke
Often resolved before EMS arrival
Most times symptoms resolve in > 24
hours
Patient has potential for actual stroke

16. COMMUNICATIONS
Receiving facility should be notified of potential
stroke patients to allow for rapid definitive
evaluation of type of stroke and treatment

17. TRANSPORT
Rapid transport to appropriate facility
Many facilities are accredited by the American
Stroke Association
ALS Intercept

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