Slides from presentation to AHRC internal staff seminar, April 2014

1. Professor Andrew Prescott, Theme Leader Fellow
AHRC Digital Transformations
Strategic Theme
Big Data: Some Initial Reflections

2. • The Met Office currently generates about 20TB of
data each day
• ‘The problems which confront the meteorologist
today will be faced by the humanities scholar within
ten years’

3. • Large Hadron Collider: 600 million ‘collision events’ per
second
• One million jobs run by servers each day, with over 10
GB of data per second transferred at peak times
• Approx. 20 petabytes of data produced annually
• Over 70 universities involved in processing the data

4. http://www.flickr.com/photos/ibm_research_zurich/6777192080/in/set-72157629212636619

5. Whole brain imaging of neurone activity in a zebra fish, made using
light sheet microscopy by Misha Ahrens and neuroscientists at the
Howard Hughes Medical Institute. Each image comprises over 1
terabyte of data.
Link:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=KE9mVEimQVU

6. • Some working definitions of big data
• Big data exceeds the capacity of existing
desktop machines and networks: you need
help to deal with it
• Data that is so large that existing methods
of analysis simply don’t work: you have to
change your methodology (probably to
something quantitative)
• Gartner definition: “Big data” is high-
volume, -velocity and –variety information
assets that demand cost-effective,
innovative forms of information processing
for enhanced insight and decision making.

7. Examples of everyday big
data of research value
• Retail data generated by supermarkets
• Online retail data: Amazon
• Transport information: Oyster card
• Hospital data
• Data from utility companies
• Social media

8. Visualisation of languages used in tweets in London in
Summer 2012: Centre for Advanced Spatial Analysis, UCL:
http://mappinglondon.co.uk/2012/londons-twitter-tongues/

9. Wolphram Alpha analytics of my Facebook friends

10. Analytic of my friend network

11. Does Big Data Yet Exist for
the Humanities?

12. Letter of Gladstone to
Disraeli, 1878: British
Library, Add. MS. 44457, f.
166
The political and literary
papers of Gladstone
preserved in the British
Library comprise 762
volumes containing
approx. 160,000
documents.

13. George W. Bush Presidential Library:
200 million e-mails
4 million photographs

14. A Thousand Words: Advanced Visualisation in the
Humanities
Texas Advanced Computing Center
Link: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kvOuJ2RwBTA

15. ‘Big data’ has already
been an issue for
linguists for many years

16. Another familiar example of big data in the
humanities: censuses

17. Moving images and sound present some of the most
challenging big data issue for arts and humanities

18. Archives and library catalogues as big data:
Visible Archive browser: visiblearchive.blogspot.com

19. Visualisation by Jon Orwant of Google of Library of
Congress subject categorisations of books published
between 1600 and 2010: winedarksea.org

20. Commons Explorer: experimental interface to allow
exploration of large quantities of images in Flickr
Commons: http://mtchl.net/cex/

21. The Anglo-American Legal Tradition: web site
holding seven million images of medieval
legal records in the National Archives:
www.aalt.law.uh.edu

22. Fabio Lattanzi Antinori,The Obelisk (2012): Open Data
Institute: http://www.theodi.org/culture/obelisk-2012

24. Asia Trend Map:
predicting popularity of
games, manga and
anime:
www.asiatrendmap.jp

25. Some Big Data Issues
• Research has historically been hypothesis-
driven; is a more data-driven research
required?
• How valid are predictive and probabilistic
techniques in arts and humanities research?
• Data quality issues: do we lose a sense of the
context and stratigraphy of the data?
• Danger of thinking that data=truth

26. Digital Transformation theme and
Big Data
• Theme seeks to promote new research
methods: using digital tools and materials to
develop completely new type of scholarship
• Additional funding of £4m has been allocated
to work on big data
• Following this workshop, call for big data
projects will be issued
• Smaller projects (up to £100k)
• Larger projects (up to £600k)