1. Proficiency 2 Jessica Brothers

2. Proficiency 2- I can identify key technological advancements that helped in making our knowledge of space expand. My research will show the past, but I will also predict what future advancements may stretch our limits even more.

3. Key Technological Advancements The Past

4. The Telescope The telescope was introduced to astronomy in 1609 by an Italian scientist, Galileo Galilei Galileo’s telescope was similar to a pair of opera glasses, it used glass lenses to magnify objects However, his design provided limited magnification… He could only see a quarter of the moon’s surface without having to movehis telescope In 1704, Sir Isaac Newton came up with his new design of the telescope. He used a curved mirror instead of glass lenses. That way it could gather light and reflect it back to a point of focus. The telescope that Newton designed led to magnifying objects a million times beyond what could ever be discovered with a lense.

5. 2. Satellites For many years, humans have been putting satellites into orbit around Earth The many satellites that have been put into orbit provide communications, broadcast television and radio signals, and help scientists predict weather. There are more than 8,000 artificial objects orbiting space and more than 2,500 of these are satellites, alive or dead.

6. The Space Race The Space Race grew after World War ll, the Cold War pushed through the Space Race. The United States and Soviet Union raced to achieve dominants of space technology and exploration.

7. The Space Race Timeline Key dates: October 4th, 1957- Soviet Union launched Sputnik 1- the first artificial satellite. ICBM- Intercontinental Ballistic Missile November 3, 1957- The Soviet Union launches the first animal in space January 31, 1958- The first American satellite Explorer 1 was launched into space April 12, 1961- Yuri Gagarin is the first man in space (Soviet Union) May 5, 1961- Alan Shepard was the first American in space May 25, 1961- JFK made a famous speech to Congress- America will have a man walk on the moon by the end of the decade March 18, 1965- The Soviet Union had a man walk in space June 3, 1965- Ed White was the first American to walk in space July 20, 1969- Neal Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin walked on the moon(Michael Collins)

8. After the war ended, the Russians and United States decided to form a space station together. Both countries had great technologies in the Space Race and when they formed together, their ideas made even greater technologies.

9. Just think… What would it be like if the Space Race didn’t occur? Would we have as much knowledge of satellites and different technology as we do today? Would an astronaut have walked on the moon yet? These are all very good questions to think about and we will never know. We are just very lucky that we do know a lot already, and there is more to be discovered.

10. Personally, I believe that without all of the technologies we have today the United States would be far behind on discoveries in space today. Without the Space Race the intelligent ideas of the Russian’s along with the United States’, would have never been combined to make one huge space station. Without our space station we wouldn’t have been able to capture as much information.

11. Key Technological Advancements The Future

12. The world will be making new developments in space. For the United States, the goals are to create a colony based in orbit, military, and build new spacecraft.

13. Colony The United States is working on placing a space station Freedom in orbit around Earth. Freedom is expected to live for three decades. It will also orbit around Earth every 90 minutes. The United States, Russia, Japan, Canada, and ESA (European Space Agency) will help the space stationby providing smaller laboratory units. The goal that NASA has is to conduct experiments to test the effect of microgravity on many different materials and living things in space.

14. I think there are many new space technologies coming our way soon and way in the future. I think these technologies will help us uncover the many mysteries about space. I believe once the mysteries are conquered, the amount of technological advancements will be huge and deeply affect the lives of people on Earth!

15. Bibliography "Group says International Space Station should focus on Earthbound, domestic issues / Scrape TV - The world on your side." Scrape TV - The World on your side. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Jan. 2011. <http://scrapetv.com/News/News%20Pages/Science/pages/Group%20says%20International%2 "History of the Telescope - History of Binoculars." Inventors. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Jan. 2011. <http://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/bltelescope.htm>. "Orbital Objects, Satellites, Space Junk Information, Facts, News, Photos -- National Geographic." Science and Space Facts, Science and Space, Human Body, Health, Earth, Human Disease - National Geographic. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Jan. 2011. <http://science.nationalgeographic.com/science/space/solar-system/orbital.html>. "Space Race Exhibition." Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Jan. 2011. <http://www.nasm.si.edu/exhibitions/gal114/gal114.htm>.