origin and destination survey research paper

1. ORIGIN & DESTINATION SURVEY IN SITAPURA AREA
1
Monika 2
.Amit Kumar Meena 3
Brajesh Kumar Meena 4
Akshay Kumar
Meena 5
Mahesh Kumar Prajapat
1
Asst. Professor,Poornima institute of Engineering & Technology, Jaipur
2,3,4,5
B.Tech Students, Poornima institute of Engineering & Technology,
Jaipur
Email-amitpiet20@poornima.org
ABSTRUCT:-
The sitapura area is industrial and
institutional area. So large amount of traffics
are coming in this area & generating a great
transportation problem so we are going to
reduce this problem by doing origin and
destination survey.
Origin & Destination (O&D) surveys
provide a detailed picture of the trip patterns
and travel choices of a city. These surveys
collect valuable data related to households
or individuals. This information allows
stakeholders to understand travel patterns
and characteristics; measure trends; provide
input to travel demand model development,
forecasting, and planning for area‐wide
transportation infrastructure needs and
services. monitor progress in implementing
transportation policies.
The focus of the Origin & Destination
(O&D) study is the sitapura area traffic. In
the Sitapura area, the Road side surveys are
conducted to determine the amount of traffic
that could potentially make use of a Sitapura
area.
Road side interview survey is the method of
carrying out a screen line or cordon survey.
Road side interview survey can done either
directly interview driver of vehicle at
selected survey point or by issuing prepared
post card containing question to all or
sample of the driver .the survey point are
selected along the junction of the cordon
line or screen line with the road. For dual
carriageway or road with very little traffic in
both the direction is dealt with
simultaneously. In other case the traffic in
two direction will be interview at different
time. If the survey cover most of the day it
may be sufficient to interview traffic in one

2. direction only and to assume that the
journey in the opposite direction are the
same as the direction. The data obtained
from the Road side interview survey is
collected quickly in short duration and field
organization is sample. Those hour in which
there maximum traffic flow, it is known as
“peak hour”.
Keyword:-
Origin-Destination study, road side
interview method, recording, accuracy
INTRODUCTION:-
Origin and destination study find out
the pattern of journey that people
makes. The origin and destination
study provides the information for
planning of a transportation facility
or system particularly the location,
design and programming of a new or
improved highway public
transportation and park facility. Its
survey is carried out for assessing
by passable traffic at towns and for
planning of new facility like
expressways. The origin and
destination does not depend on
number of passenger existing at
different location. This survey is
conducted on the basis on future
plan. If we want to some changes of
road design like provide a proper
slope, reduce number of accecident,
origin and destination is necessary to
collect information about origin and
destination. The main purpose of
origin and destination to improve
different type of defect on roadway
and highway. The origin and
destination is conducted within
definite time interval to see increase
the population rate with the help of
origin and destination. We can find
the origin point and destination point
of a particular passenger. We see
different type of accident on
roadway so it is necessary to reduce
the amount of accident by doing
origin and destination. origin and
destination play an important role to
reduce quantity of accident.
The specific uses of O&D survey
data are;-
 Origin and destination datas are
required for traffic engineer.
 It determine the travel demand of
existing roadway and what will be
demand of future.
 To knowing increasing the growth
rate of people we have to required
road parking and other terminal So
we have to required origin and
destination.
 Main objective of the origin and
destination to find the traffic flow in
present condition and what will be
traffic flow on coming next time to
provide better way
 To determine the amount of by
passable traffic
 To develop trip generation and trip
distribution in transport planning
process.
 To determine the extent the present
highway system is adequate and plan
for new facilities.
 To assess the adequacy of parking
facilities and plan for future.
 To determine the travel demand on
existing and future development.
 To locate new terminals, new bridge,
bypass, parking.

3.  To locate new public stoppage and
improvement in public
transportation.
Traffic studies
The two type of traffic studies
 Traffic volume count
 Origin and destination study
Traffic volume
The traffic volume is define as the
number of vehicles moving in a perticular
direction on a road, that pass a cross
section during specified unit of time. It is
expressed as vehicles per hour or vehicles
per day.
Use methods of volume counting
 Manual method
Manual method:
In this method one or more observior to
count and classify traffic flowing pass a
fixed point
LITERATURE REVIEW:-
The problem of origin and destination
demands are releted to Advanced
Transportation Management and
Information Systems research. An origin &
destination demand matrix is a vector denote
the average number of trips going from
origin to destination point.
There are several methods for formulating
estimators for an unique matrix. In
transportation and regional planning, the
most popular approach is the maximum
entropy model (Van Zuylen and Willumsen,
1980).
Another method is classical statistical
inference techniques. The two main
estimators are the maximum likelihood and
the generalized least-squares. The maximum
likelihood estimator maximizes the
likelihood of observing the experimental
data condition on the true trip matrix. For
this method, distributional assumptions need
to be made for the sample and traffic counts.
On the other hand, no distributional
assumptions need to be made for the
generalized least squares approach. The last
method is the Bayesian one, which uses a
priori probabilities on the trip demands. By
combining these probabilities with the
conditional probability on the traffic counts,
one can obtain the posterior probability of
the demand conditioned on the traffic count.
The arguments of this probability can then
be maximized by different methods.
One critical reference, Van der Zijpp (1997),
added partial origin/destination information
by using Automatic Vehicle Identification
(AVI) technology. An example of an AVI
technology is license plate recognition based
on image processing. They applied the
approach to a sing motor-way corridor with
no route choice alternative and proposed the
Bayesian updating scheme that used
multivariate normal and truncated
multivariate normal assumptions for the
subjective probability distributions.
Jayakrishnan et al. (1994) developed
DYNASMART (DYnamic Network
Assignment Simulation Model for Advanced
Road Telematics)

4. METHODOLOGY:-
Method of origin & destination survey
 Road-side interview method
 License plate method
 Return post card method
 Tag on-car method
 Home interview method
ROAD SIDE INTERVIEW METHOD:
In the road side interview method,
the observer is standing on road and stop
the vehicle and asking some question and
collect data which required for origin and
destation study. It consists the place and
time of origin and destination, route,
locations of stoppages, the purpose of the
trip, type of vehicle and number of
passengers in each vehicle. The traffic may
be filtered through a prescribed lane by
previous warnings sighs and with the help
of police so that each driver of the selected
sample of vehicles is interviewed. The
percentage also is noted from appropriate
traffic volume study taken
simultaneously.
The advantage of this method the
data is collected quickly in short duration
and the field organization is simple and the
team can be trained quickly. The main
drawback of this method is that the
vehicles are stopped for interview, and
there is delay to the vehicular movement.
Also resentment is likely from the road
user. Further, unless there is enough space,
undue congestion may result due to
stopped vehicles.
The data collected includes origin,
destination, and purpose of vehicle trips,
vehicle occupancy and classification of
vehicle type. This data will assist in the
distribution and assignment of future travel
demands generated in the study area. ROAD
SIDE INTERVIEW METHOD was
selected for the survey; the instrument was
developed with assistance from the town. A
copy of the survey form is presented below.
Survey Questionnaire:
Location:……… Date: …………..
STANDARD FORMAT
Origin-Destination Survey
Questions
Please take a moment to answer a few
questions about your trip. Your responses
will help determine the need for
improvements in this area.
Where did your trip begin?
How many people were in the vehicle,
including the driver?
❒ 1 ❒ 2 ❒ 3 ❒ 4 ❒ 5 or more
What type of vehicle were you in?
❒PassengerVehicle(car,
motorcycle,pick-up truck, minivan)
❒ Commercial vehicle
❒Other
Do you regularly use this route ?
❒ Yes ❒ No

5. SURVEY LOCATION:-

6. SURVEY DATA GRAPH (TABLE 1)
SURVEY GRAPH (TABLE 1)
VEHICLE
STUDENT
WORKER/OFFICER
OTHER
S.NO PURPOSEOF TRIP INDIA GATE GONER MOD COMPUCOM
COLLEGE MOD
AGI COLLEGE TOTAL
1 STUDY 900 746 702 312 1389
2 WORKER/OFFICER 410 406 352 390 950
3 OTHER
(HOSPITAL,ETC.)
90 204 116 78 214
4 TOTAL VEHICAL 1800 1356 1170 780 5106

7. SURVEY GRAPH (TABLE 1)
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
INDIA GATE COMPUCOM MOD GONER MOD AGI COLLEGE
STUDENT
WORKER/OFFICER
OTHER

8. SURVEY DATA TABLE 2 ( 9:00 TO 10:00 AM)
SURVEY GRAPH 1 (TABLE 2)
Sales
STUDENT
WORKER/OFFICER
OTHER
S.NO PURPOSEOF TRIP INDIA GATE GONER MOD COMPUCOM
COLLEGE MOD
AGI COLLEGE TOTAL
1 STUDY 556 389 316 134 1395
2 WORKER/OFFICER 550 468 418 353 1796
3 OTHER (HOSPITAL,
ETC.)
298 200 178 122 798
4 TOTAL VEHICAL 1404 1057 912 609 3984

9. SURVEY GRAPH 2 (TABLE 2)
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
INDIA GATE COMPUCOM MOD GONER MOD AGI COLLEGE
STUDENT
WORKER/OFFICER
OTHER

10. SURVEY DATA TABLE 3 (2:00 TO 3:00 PM)
SURVEY GRAPH 1(TABLE 3)
Sales
STUDENT
WORKER/OFFICER
OTHER
S.NO PURPOSEOF TRIP INDIA GATE GONER MOD COMPUCOM
COLLEGE MOD
AGI COLLEGE TOTAL
1 STUDY 272 190 155 65 682
2 WORKER/OFFICER 378 322 287 200 1187
3 OTHER
(HOSPITAL,ETC.)
379 104 183 38 704
4 TOTAL VEHICAL 1029 616 625 303 2573

11. SURVEY GRAPH 2 (TABLE 3)
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
STUDENT
WORKER/OFFICER
OTHER

12. SURVEY DATA TABLE 4( 3:30 TO 4:30 PM)
SURVEY GRAPH 1 ( TABLE 4)
Sales
STUDENT
WORKER/OFFICER
OTHER
S.NO PURPOSEOF TRIP INDIA GATE GONER MOD COMPUCOM
COLLEGE MOD
AGI COLLEGE TOTAL
1 STUDY 933 781 734 335 2783
2 WORKER/OFFICER 848 426 370 431 2075
3 OTHER
(HOSPITAL,ETC.)
102 212 120 50 484
4 TOTAL VEHICAL 1883 1419 1224 816 5342

13. SURVEY GRAPH 2 (TABLE 4)
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
STUDENT
WORKER/OFFICER
OTHER

14. SURVEY DATA TABLE 5 ( 4:30 TO 5:30 PM )
SURVEY GRAPH 1 (TABLE 5)
Sales
STUDENT
WORKER/OFFICER
OTHER
S.NO PURPOSEOF TRIP INDIA GATE GONER MOD COMPUCOM
COLLEGE MOD
AGI COLLEGE TOTAL
1 STUDY 517 353 295 116 1281
2 WORKER/OFFICER 510 435 376 328 1649
3 OTHER
(HOSPITAL,ETC.)
262 183 166 117 728
4 TOTAL VEHICAL 1289 971 837 561 3658

15. SURVEY GRAPH 2 ( TABLE 5)
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
STUDENT
WORKER/OFFICER
OTHER

16. CONCLUSION:-
 Maximum traffic in sitapura area
coming from india gate.
 Minimum traffic in sitapura coming
 from AGI college side.
 Maximum student coming through
compucom mod route.
 Maximum worker are coming
through india gate.
REFRENCES:-
 khanna.s.k,justo.c.e.g -
“Highway engineering”
 http//www.trb.in
 Khadiyali-“Traffic
Engineering”
 Subhash c saxena-Highway
& traffic engineering
 s.p.bindra-Highway
engineering
 www.slideshare.com