1. OCTOBER 2006
INDONESIAN MARKET- AUTOMOBILE INDUSTRY DEVELOPED STATUS
AUTOMOTIVE TECHNOLOGY REQUIREMENTS
ON FUEL & LUBRICATION
CHAIRMAN OF GAIKINDO
HEAD OF INDUSTRIAL POLICY OFGAIKINDO
Bambang Trisulo
Budi Prasetyo Susilo
The 1st Indonesia Fuel & Lube Conference
GabunganJakarta, JW THROUGH BETEER FUEL & LUBECANT
REDUCE COST
Industri Kendaraan November 2006 Indonesia
Marriot Hotel, 21-22 Bermotor
21-
Association of Indonesian Automotive Industries
2. OCTOBER 2006
PRESENTATION OUTLINE
I. BRIEF INTRODUCTION OF GAIKINDO
II. INFLUENCE GOVERNMENT POLICY OUTLINE
ON AUTOMOBILE MARKET AND INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT
III. DOMESTIC MARKET PROGRESS
IV. FUEL & LUBE CHALLENGE REQUIREMENTS ON AUTOMOBILE MOBILITY.
V. SUMMARY
3. I-1 Brief Introduction of GAIKINDO
I-1 Brief Introduction of GAIKINDO
Non-Profit Independent Organization Representing
The Interest of Indonesia Automobile Manufacturers.
Members of GAIKINDO :
39 Companies
28 Brands (11 Brands which has Industry in Indonesia)
Source : Secretariat GAIKINDO-2005
4. I-2. VISION – MISSION --STRATEGY
I-2. VISION – MISSION STRATEGY
VISION
To become a world-class, professional and independent automotive
Organization, which plays an active role as the government’s equal partner
in Developing the industry to be adept at competing in the international
market.
MISSION
To transform Indonesia’s automotive industry and boost its competitive
edge in the global market.
STRATEGY
To organize and support international events to seek global attention and
promote trade and investment opportunities in the country. To encourage,
promote and protect the interests of the automotive industry in Indonesia. To
act a means of communication among its members for the strengthening
and promotion of their common interests. To collect, compile and collate
information on issues affecting the interests of The automotive industry in
general and members in particular and to later distribute such information in
the form of reports or statistics to members.
Source : Secretariat GAIKINDO-2005
5. I-3. GAIKINDO’s Activities
I-3. GAIKINDO’s Activities
To reach its vision and mission and meet its commitments, GAIKINDO has
Launched several programs, including :
Publishing a bi-monthly bulletin on the development of the country’s
automotive industry
Conducting studies on various aspects relating to vehicles and the sector
Representing members in discussions with the government on tax and
customs concern
Promoting joint studies and the exchange of information with
counterparts in others countries, particularly regarding raw materials,
components, and international commerce
Cooperating with the government to issue proper standards to be used in
the industry
Participating in international automotive industry conferences and
organization such as the ASEAN Automotive Federation
Sponsoring important campaigns, such as those promoting the reduction
of fuel consumption, traffic safety and environmental issues
Striving to position the annual GAIKINDO Auto Expo in the same level of
the world leading motor shows, like the Tokyo Motor Show, Frankfurt
Motor Show And Bangkok Motor Show
Source : Secretariat GAIKINDO-2005
6. I-4. List of GAIKINDO Members Companies
I-4. List of GAIKINDO Members Companies
NO. BRAND NAME ADDRESS
1 TOYOTA PT.TOYOTA MOTOR MFG. INDONESIA JL.YOS.SUDARSO,SUNTER I ,JAKARTA UTARA
TOYOTA
2 PT.TOYOTA ASTRA MOTOR JL.YOS.SUDARSO,SUNTER II,JAKARTA UTARA
(DISTRIBUTOR)
3 SUZUKI PT.INDOMOBIL SUZUKI INTERNATIONAL WISMA INDOMOBIL,JL.MT.HARYONO KAV.8,JAKARTA
4 MITSUBISHI PT.KRAMA YUDHA TIGA BERLIAN MOTORS JL.JEND.A.YANI,PROYEK PULOMAS,JAKARTA TIMUR
5 HONDA PT.HONDA PROSPECT MOTOR JL.YOS.SUDARSO,SUNTER I ,JAKARTA UTARA
6 DAIHATSU PT.ASTRA DAIHATSU MOTOR JL.GAYA MOTOR III/5,SUNTER II JAKARTA UTARA
7 ISUZU PT.PANTJA MOTOR JL.GAYA MOTOR III/5,SUNTER II JAKARTA UTARA
8 NISSAN PT.NISSAN MOTOR INDONESIA JL. M.T. HARYONO KAV. 10 LT. 3, JAKARTA
JL. SUNTER GARDEN BLOK D 8 NO. 1
9 KIA PT KIA MOBIL INDONESIA SUNTER AGUNG PODOMORO, JAKARTA UTARA 14350
JL.SULTAN ISKANDAR MUDA NO.81,
10 HYUNDAI PT.HYUNDAI INDONESIA MOTOR ARTERI PONDOK INDAH, JAKARTA SELATAN
KAWASAN INDUSTRI KOTA BUKIT INDAH
11 HINO PT.HINO MOTORS MFG. INDONESIA
JL. DAMAR BLOK D 1 NO. 1, PURWAKARTA, JA - BAR
HINO
12 PT. HINO MOTORS SALES INDONESIA WISMA INDOMOBIL LANTAI 9
(DISTRIBUTOR)
13 FORD PT.FORD MOTOR INDONESIA WISMA INDOMOBIL LT.10,JL.MT.HARYONO KAV.8, JKT.
14 CHEVROLET PT.GENERAL MOTORS INDONESIA JL.RAYA BEKASI KM.27,PONDOK UNGU, BEKASI
MERCEDES BENZ DEUTSCHE BANK BLDG. 18TH FLOOR
15 CHRYSLER, DODGE PT.DAIMLERCHRYSLER INDONESIA JL. IMAM BONJOL NO. 80, JAKARTA
MERCEDES BENZ PT. DAIMLERCHRYSLER DISTRIBUTION DEUTSCHE BANK BUILDING 18TH FLOOR
CHRYSLER, DODGE INDONESIA JL.IMAM BONJOL NO.80,JAKARTA PUSAT 10310
16
JEEP
JL.DANAU SUNTER SELATAN,BLOK O-5,SUNTER,JAKARTA
17 UD NISSAN DIESEL PT.ASTRA NISSAN DIESEL INDONESIA
Source : Secretariat GAIKINDO-2005
7. I-4. List of GAIKINDO Members Companies (continue)
I-4. List of GAIKINDO Members Companies (continue)
NO. BRAND NAME ADDRESS
18 BMW PT.TJAHJA SAKTI MOTOR CORP. JL.GAYA MOTOR SELATAN I ,SUNTER II JAKRTA UTARA
BMW WISMA GKBI LANTAI 21
19 (DISTRIBUTOR) PT. BMW INDONESIA JL. JEND. SUDIRMAN NO. 28, JAKARTA SELATAN
WISMA INDOMOBIL LT.4 , JL. MT. HARYONO KAV.8
20 CHERRY QQ PT.UNICOR PRIMA MOTOR JAKARTA
21 PEUGEOT PT.ASTRA FRANCE MOTOR JL.GAYA MOTOR SELATAN I ,SUNTER II, JAKRTA UTARA
22 VOLVO PT.CENTRAL SOLE AGENCY WISMA INDOMOBIL,JL.MT.HARYONO KAV.8,JAKARTA
JL. RAYA PLUIT SELATAN NO. 8 A
23 VOLKSWAGEN PT.CAR & CARS INDONESIA JAKARTA UTARA 14440
AUDI CENTER
24 AUDI, VW CARAVELLE PT.GARUDA MATARAM MOTOR Jl. M.T. HARYONO KAV. 11, JAKARTA
25 TIMOR PT.TIMOR PUTRA NASIONAL MENARA SAIDAH , LT. 3&4, JL.MT.HARYONO KAV.29-30
26 LANDROVER PT.JAVA MOTORS JL.KRAMAT RAYA NO.17,JAKARTA PUSAT
JAGUAR,BENTLEY JL.LETJEN S.. PARMAN KAV. NO 4, SLIPI
27 DAIMLER PT.GRANDAUTO DINAMIKA JAKARTA 11480
ROLLS ROYCE
28 RENAULT PT AUTO EURO INDONESIA JL. M.T. HARYONO KAV. 10 , JAKARTA TIMUR 13330
WISMA STANDART CHARTERED BANK , LT. 16
29 PROTON PT. PROTON EDAR INDONESIA JL. JEND. SUDIRMAN KAV. 33A, JAKARTA 10220
JL. SULTAN ISKANDAR MUDA NO. 55, BLOK Q KAV. NO.
30 SUBARU PT. TC. SUBARU
JAKARTA 12240
31 MAZDA PT. MAZDA MOTOR INDONESIA WISMA INDOMOBIL LANTAI. 10
JL. MT. HARYONO KAV.8
Source : Secretariat GAIKINDO-2005
8. I-4. List of GAIKINDO Members Companies (continue)
I-4. List of GAIKINDO Members Companies (continue)
NO. BRAND NAME ADDRESS
32 MITSUBISHI PT.KRAMA YUDHA RATU MOTORS JL.RAYA BEKASI KM.21,JAKARTA TIMUR
33 MITSUBISHI PT.TRIJAYA UNION JL.RAYA SERANG,KM. 9, TANGERANG
PT. MITSUBISHI KRAMA YUDHA MOTOR
34 MITSUBISHI JL.RAYA BEKASI,KM.21,JAKARTA TIMUR
& MANUFACTURING
35 HINO PT.NATIONAL ASSEMBLERS JL.RAYA BEKASI KM.18,PULO GADUNG,JAKARTA TIMUR
36 MERCEDES BENZ PT.DAIMLERCHRYSLER INDONESIA D.S WANAHERANG,GUNUNG PUTRI,CITEREUP,BOGOR
DAIHATSU, PEUGEOT
37 B M W, ISUZU PT.GAYA MOTOR JL.GAYA MOTOR RAYA 1-3,SUNTER II,JAKARTA UTARA
KAWASAN INDUSTRI KOTA BUKIT INDAH
38 NISAN PT.NISSAN MOTOR INDONESIA BLOK A III, LOT 1-14, PURWAKARTA 41181, JAWA BARAT
JL.KALIABANG NO.1,PONDOK UNGU,MEDAN SATRIA,
39 ISUZU PT. MESIN ISUZU INDONESIA
KEC.BEKASI BARAT,BEKASI/PO.BOX 130,BEKASI 17013
Source : Secretariat GAIKINDO-2005
9. II.1. Indonesian Automobile Market & Government Policy Development
II.1. Indonesian Automobile Market & Government Policy Development
KEPPRES 20/98 586/PJ/01
KEP: 460/KMK/03/01
SK 168/M/SK/9/79 PAKJUN’96 19/MPP/KEP/98 PP.60/01
201/KPB/VII/92 PP 36 20/MPP/KEP/98 172/MPP/05/01
107/M/SK/VII/92 KEPRES 42 19/KMK/01/98
SK 231/M/SK/11/78 SK 349/M/SK/8/80 PP 43 TH ‘03
PP.145/00 411/MPP/
SK 111/M/SK/10/90 INPRES NO 2. ‘96 49/MPP/KEP/00 Kep/06/03
SK 371/M/SK/9/83 569/KMK.04/00 458/MPP/
SK 307/M/SK/8/76 97/KMK/05/00 Kep/07/03
PAKMEI ‘95
SK 117/M/SK/4/86 PAKJUN ‘93 PP. 59 756/MPP/
PAKJUN ‘99 Kep/11/02
Unit Sales
(x 1,000)
800
750
Increasing Fuel
Price [‘05] 700
700 General
Election
620 670
& President
['99] 570
600 620 570
534
National Car 570
Program 500
500 ['96] 500
483 500
435
Tight Money 379
387
400
Policy (TMP) 354 435
Rp Devaluation ['91] 350
27,5% ['83] 301 299
Rp 322 332
300 310
Devaluation 274 310
261 350
31,0% ['86]
Forecast year 2006
200 208 178
160 211
172 Optimistic 500 Units (6% Down)
189
170
152 152 162 158 94 Moderate 435 Units (19% Down)
100 144
103 New Banking
103 Tight Money Regulation Economic Pessimistic 350 Units (34% Down)
88 Policy (TMP) Crisis ['98]
72 ['89] 58 (85% Down)
- ['87]
2002
2010
2004
2006
2008
2000
1998
1976
1978
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
10. II-2. Indonesian Automobile Industry Policy Outline
II-2. Indonesian Automobile Industry Policy Outline
Incentive National Liberali-
Program Deletion Program
Program Car Prog. zation
Year 1976 1979 1983 1987 1990 1993 1995 1996 1999
RegulationSK S K SK SK SK June M ay February SK
307 168 371 34 111 Package P ackage P ackage 27
P oted C m
rom om ercial V ehicles C m
om ercial V hc. Passenger
Product &P ass.C <1500cC >1500cc
ars ars
S tructure C DM w
K inus ith C DM wK inus ith Localizationof N local
o
of The m andatatory m andatatory >40% >60% m >60%
in. content
Industry local components local components w 3years regulation
ithin
andextendedw ith andC UB
m com
ain ponents import
perm itted
Orientation Import Export O nB
w rand,
Substitution Engineering
Capability,
Export
Source : Budi Pranoto - AOP
11. II-3. Current Automotive Government Policy in Indonesia
II-3. Current Automotive Government Policy in Indonesia
Automotive industry with high efficiency and strong
Automotive industry with high efficiency and strong
GOAL
GOAL global competitiveness
global competitiveness
To focus the development of component industries
To focus the development of component industries
To continue and enhance the development of small
To continue and enhance the development of small
STRATEGIES
STRATEGIES
commercial car industries (less than 55tons)
commercial car industries (less than tons)
as well as motorcycle industries
as well as motorcycle industries
To develop mini-sedan industries with cylinder capacity
To develop mini-sedan industries with cylinder capacity
up to 1.500 cc as aaway and means to enter
up to 1.500 cc as way and means to enter
the international market of auto parts
the international market of auto parts
Source : IATT-MOI
12. II-4. Automobile Business Chain Flow Process
II-4. Automobile Business Chain Flow Process
CKD
Other's (Export +
Domestic)
T
r
a
Steel Qlty.
n Welding Painting Assembly VLD
Center s
Insp
i
ST EEL t
COIL
Out
Sourcing
CKD
Other's Domestic Export
Source : BTS
22. TABLE Tableof Import Duty (BM) & Luxury Tax (PPn-BM)
III-8. Table of Import Duty (BM) LUXURY TAX (PPn-BM)
III-8. OF IMPORT DUTY (BM) & & Luxury Tax (PPn.BM)
2004-2006
UNIT KOMPONEN
KATEGGORI KETERANGAN PPn.BM
CBU CKD IKD Assy/BD IKD
Pass Car w/seat < 10 cc < 1.5 lt 65(60) 35 15
*1)
15 10
*4)
30
(Sedan) 1.5 lt < cc< 3.0 lt(P) / 2.5lt(D) 70(60) 40 15 40
cc > 3.0 lt ( P) / 2.5 ( D ) 80(60) 50 15 75
*2) *5)
Pass Car w/seat < 10 cc < 1.5 lt 45 25 15 15 10 10
*2) *5)
4x2 1.5 lt < cc< 2.5 lt 45 25 15 15 10 20
*2) *5)
(Van) 2.5 lt < cc< 3.0 lt (P) 45 25 15 15 10 40
*2) *5)
cc > 3.0 lt ( P) / 2.5 ( D ) 45 25 15 15 10 75
4x4 cc < 1.5 lt 45 25 15 30
(Jeep / Van 4x4) 1.5 lt < cc< 3.0 lt(P) / 2.5(D) 45 25 15 40
cc > 3.0 lt (P) / 2.5 (D) 45 25 15 75
Pass. Car w/seat > 10 5 ton < GVW< 24 ton ( P/D ) 40 25 5
*3)
15 10
*3)
(Bus) GVW > 24 ton ( P/D ) 5(10) 5 5 15 10
*2) *5)
GVW < 5 ton ( P/D ) 45 25 15 15 10 0
Trucks / Pick-Up GVW 5 - 24 ton ( P/D ) 40 25 5
*3)
15 10
*4)
0
*3)
GVW > 24 ton ( P/D ) 10 5 5 0
Double Cab. 4x4 / 4x2 GVW < 5 ton ( P/D )
45 25 15
*2)
15 10
*5)
20
(Passenger > 3) double cabin, all cc
cc < 250 35 25 15 0
Motor Cycle 250 < cc < 500 60 25 15 60
cc > 500 60 25 15 75
Notes :
* Unit (CKD, CBU, IKD) 2004 based on Kep.Menteri Keuangan RI Blank Material = 5% *3) Exluding Body & Chassis, Engine
No. : 465/KMK.01/2003 (20 October 2003) *1) Exluding Engine *4) For Engine only
* PPnBM year 2004 based on PP No.43/2003 (31 July 2003) *2) Exluding Body & Chassis, Engine, *5) For Engine, Transmission, Drive Axle
* P = Petrol, D = Diesel Transmission, Drive Axle * Assy / BD (Breakdown)
Source : GAIKINDO Secretariat
23. III-10. Correction Domestic Market Total Sales and Future Trend Growth
III-10. Correction Domestic Market Total Sales and Future Trend Growth 1 Million Club
(Deperind)
x 1,000 unit 800
800
750 750
680
700
620 630
600
600 570
534 540
530
520
483
500 470
470
379 387 400 440
400 354 380
332 330
322 318
301 299 360
320
300 261 310
211 End Year 2006 Sale Projection in Indonesia Market
200 170
Optimistic 534 -> 330 Units (6% ->38%Down)
Moderate 435->320 Units (19% ->40.9%Down)
94 Pessimistic 350->310 Units (34% -> 42.0%Down)
100 58
0
2007
2008
2009
2010
1991
1998
2006
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
Note : year 1991 – 2005 actual domestic sales
year 2006 – 2009 projection BTR-DINO
24. IV-1. Market Challenge on Automobile Mobility for Fuel and Lube Requirements
IV-1. Market Challenge on Automobile Mobility for Fuel and Lube Requirements
FIVE FACTORS REQUETED MARKET CHALLENGE ON FUEL AND LUBRICANTION RELATED ON AUTOMOBILE MOBILITY
LOW EMISSION
LOW EMMITED LOW OIL UP BURNING
CO,HC,NOx, PM, CO2
PM LOW OIL DOWN BURNING
SAFELY DUMPING ON MAX SPEED
SUITABLE BOUNCING O/T ACCELARATION
SAFELY IN DRIVE COMFORT HIGH REPONSE DRIVE ABILITY
SOFT DUMPING
HIGH TEMP - SHEAR - LOW FRICTION
WATER RESISTANCE H/D CHARACTERISTIC
LONG LIVE INTERVAL CHANGE LOW FRICTION
IN LITRE/KM H/D CHARACTERISTIC
LOW FUEL-OIL CONSUMPTION
NON LEADED LOW SULFUR
NON METAL OCTANE BOOSTER LOW OIL UP BURNING
LOW OIL DOWN BURNING
Source : BPS
25. IV-2. Evacuated Combustion Product through E/X ––Leakage Gas Causing Adverse Effect
IV-2. Evacuated Combustion Product through E/X Leakage Gas Causing Adverse Effect
MECHANISM ON EVACATED COMBUSTION PRODUCT THROUGH E/X SYSTEM – LEAKAGE GAS CAUSING ADVERSE EFFECT
FUEL LUBE AIR
SOURCE SOURCE SOURCE
COMPLETE INCOMPLETE SULFUR NITROGEN
SCAVENGER OIL UP OIL UP BLOW BY
COMBUSTION COMBUSTION CONTENT + OXYGEN
DEPOSIT SULFUR HALOGEN
WATER NOx
PRECURSORS ACID ACID
SOOT
CARBON WEAR Air
RUST Pollution
VARNISH
SLUDGE
Source : BPS
26. IV-3. Avoided Problem on Vehicle as Fuel Requirements
IV-3. Avoided Problem on Vehicle as Fuel Requirements
IV.3.1.METALLIC OCTANE BOOSTER EFFECT GASOLINE ENGINE
Effects of Metal (Mn) on Ex. Emissions
0.12 0.20
NMOG - g/mi
0.10 Reference LDV 100K Std
NOx - g/mi
0.15
0.08
0.06 0.10
0.04 Clear Clear
0.05
0.02 MMT MMT
0.00 0.00
0 20000 40000 60000 80000 100000 0 20000 40000 60000 80000 100000
Miles Miles
1.60 25
1.40 Clear
24
CO - g/mi
1.20 MMT
1.00
Mpg
23
0.80
0.60 Clear 22
0.40 MMT 21
0.20
0.00 20
0 20000 40000 60000 80000 100000 0 20000 40000 60000 80000 100000
Miles Miles
Source : Alliance of Automobile Manufactures (2002)
27. IV.3.2.METALLIC OCTANE BOOSTER EFFECT GASOLINE ENGINE
Market Problem caused by Metals in Gasoline
Market Problem caused by Metals in Gasoline
(Manganese)
(Manganese)
Catalyst from the US Catalyst from Canada
(mileage : 80,000km) (mileage : 78,400km)
Particulate deposit is Oxides of Carbon Red deposit is Oxides of Mn
Source : JAMA
28. IV.3.3.METALLIC OCTANE BOOSTER EFFECT GASOLINE ENGINE
Effects of Metal (Ferrocene) on Insulator Resistance Perforemance of Spark Plug
Lowering insulator resistance was observed after 32Hrs engine test
when the fuel contained Ferrocene was used, as comparing with the
reference plug using no additized gasoline after 300 Hrs test
Source : WWFC Back ground data
29. IV.3.4.METALLIC OCTANE BOOSTER EFFECT GASOLINE ENGINE
Effects of Metal (Mn) on Spark Plug
25000 mile 25000 mile
with MMT 1/32 g/USG without MMT
Spark plug fouling caused by Mn deposits was observed as using fuel contained MMT.
Source : JAMA
30. IV.3.5.METALLIC OCTANE BOOSTER EFFECT GASOLINE ENGINE
Market Problem caused by Metals in Gasoline
(Ferrocene)
Red deposit is Oxides of Fe
Source : OEM data
31. IV.4.1. HIGH SULFUR, WATER & PARTICULATE CONTENT DIESEL ENGINE
FOR DIESEL COMMON RAIL SYSTEM
Common Rail Fuel Injection System
SULFUR
EDU
ECU
Injecto
drive
circuit
Electric line max. 500ppm.
r From ECU
CPU Main circuit
injection
injection
Fuel return
buffer Pilo
t
circuit
Fuel
pressure Common
Relief valve
Fuel WATER
sensor rail injector CONTENT
accelerator position max. 200ppm.
Intake pressure
Pressure Fuel
Water temp.
control tank
Engine speed
Cylinder signal valve
From ECU Main relay PARTICULATE
Fuel return Fuel supply Pump SENDIMENT
Switch signals
max. 10ppmw.
High Pressure Fuel Injection (180MPa)
Source : JAMA
32. IV.4.2. HIGH SULFUR, WATER & PARTICULATE CONTENT DIESEL ENGINE
EFECT ON NOZZLE FUEL SPRAY
Fuel Spray Change caused by Injection Hole Clogging in case of High both
Fuel Spray Change caused by Injection Hole Clogging in case of High both
Sulfur and Particulate-Sediment
Sulfur and Particulate-Sediment
Bottom view
Normal
Spray
clogging
Injection hole Injection
Foreign material Hole
Clogging
Source : JAMA
33. IV.4.3. HIGH SULFUR, WATER & PARTICULATE CONTENT DIESEL ENGINE
EFFECT ON INJECTION PUMP
Influence on Pump caused by Water
Content more than 200 ppm.
Water Invasion
Lower Abnormal wear Plunger
Lubricity Seizure (Seizure / Abnormal wear / Breakage)
on sliding portion
Rust Strength Plunger Spring
occurrence
of Pump decline (Breakage)
parts
Metal Bearing
(Seizure / Abnormal wear)
Thrust Washer
(Seizure / Abnormal wear)
Feed Pump
(Seizure / Abnormal wear)
Suction Valve Seat
(Abnormal wear)
Delivery Valve Seat
Source : JAMA (Abnormal wear) Source : BTS-EKR
34. IV.4.4. HIGH SULFUR, WATER & PARTICULATE CONTENT DIESEL ENGINE
EFECT ON INJECTOR
Influence on Injector caused by
Particulate more than 10 ppm .
Contamination Fuel by Particulate
Seizure of Valve
sliding sticking
surface
Piston Command
sticking
Needle Nozzle
sticking
Fluid Valve Seat
grinding poor seal
Orifice
change flow rate
Injection hole
change flow rate
Nozzle Seat
poor oil tight
Clogging Injection hole
Source : JAMA poor fuel spray
35. IV.5.1. Alkalinity, Fatty acids, Glycerine. Market Problem
Ford presentation in World Fuels Conference, Sydney @Oct. 27, 2003
36. IV.5.2. Carbonic Acid Salt on Bio Diesel (Market Problem)
(Bio diesel)
Adhesive material
(Carbonic Acid Salt)
Valve
Filter
(Parts of Fuel Injection Pump)
Bio fuels produce adhesive deposit because of low oxidation stability
poor driveability by sticking moving parts in pump and injector
Source : JAMA
37. IV.5.3. Rust Problem Find Out on Fuel Tank after Tested with BIO DIESEL
- Fuel Tank Tests -
Test Fuel: Commercial diesel fuel blended the FAME meets EN14214
by 5vol%
Fuel Tank Lower Fuel Tank Upper
Source : JAMA
39. IV.6.1 Problem Should be Avoided as Methanol Blending Component on Gasoline
IV.6.1 Problem Should be Avoided as Methanol Blending Component on Gasoline
Test Fuels : Methanol 3v% blending Gasoline
Test Vehicles : LDV & LDT (Carb. & EFi), Number of Vehicles = 22 vehicles
Mileage : Fleet test on road (33,800 ~ 50,000) KM
Source from JARI = Japan Automobile Research Institute. Conformity test was sponsored by METI (1980 ~ 1987)
Items Results
Driveability Ambient Some drivers felt poor driveability
Hot Rough idle was observed on 5 vehicles in 22 test vehicles)
Cold startability Some drivers felt poor startability
Exhaust emissions Same level to normal gasoline
Fuel economy Worsen by 2 ~ 5% in volume base
Engine durability Engine lubricant deterioration -> wear of crank journal
Parts in fuel system Corrosion in metal parts, Level gage failure etc.
Fuel Hose : same as gasoline (no problem was observed)
Fuel tank : corrosions were observed
Fuel Filter : same as gasoline (no problem was observed)
Fuel level gage : problems on sensor were observed
Injector : deposits were observed
Pressure regulator : cracks in diaphragm were observed
Pulsation dumper : cracks in diaphragm were observed
Engine wear : higher level of metals caused by wear in engine oil
40. IV.6.2 Problem Find Out the Effect on Vehicle is caused by Ethanol Blended on Gasoline
● For vehicles that has already been released in the market, the effects of ethanol must
be verified.
● A period of time would be required for the developing and manufacturing of vehicle.
Characteristic of
Ethanol Blended Gasoline Subjects Conformation Items
Increase of Vapor Pressure Effect for Drivability
Increase of Evaporative Emission
Increase of VOC(volatile organic
compound) → Photochemical Smog
Characteristic by Oxygen Change of Exhaust Gas Components
Production of Peroxide and Aldehyde
Decrease of Calorific Value Change of Fuel Economy
High Water Absorbent/ Metal Corrosion in Fuel System
Low Oxidation Stability Wet Corrosion / Dry Corrosion )
(Production of Peroxide) Deterioration of Materials
Hydrolysis of Rubber and Resin
Source : JAMA
41. IV.6.3. Problem Find Out the Effect on Vehicle is caused by Ethanol Blended on Gasoline
Dry Corrosions
Effects of Ethanol on Metals
Immersion test results
Test condition F ingle-material(Scratched in liquid), Water content minimum(Virgin), Immersion in liquid
S
Material F1050
A
Befor After Base(E0) E1 E3 E5 E7 E10
Material F6061
A Complete dissolution
Before After Base(E0) E1 E3 E5 E7 E10
Material FDC12
A
Before After Base(E0) E1 E3 E5 E7 E10
Source : SAE 2005-01-3710
42. IV.6.4. Problem Find Out the Effect on Vehicle is caused by Ethanol Blended on Gasoline
Effects of Ethanol on Elastomer
70 deg.C x 760 Hr
20
FKM
Volume Change, %
15 E10
H-NBR
10 FKM
5 E0
H-NBR
0
0 200 400 600 800
Duration, Hr
METI FAME Conformity Test Report
43. IV.7.1. Problem Should be Avoided on I/C Engine as Lube Requirements
IV.7.1. Problem Should be Avoided on I/C Engine as Lube Requirements
PROPER PROPER
API SAE
GRADE VISCOSITY
800 oC
DEPOSITE PISTON
BUILD UP STUCK SLUDGE
VARNIS
EMULSION
ON
PISTON
SKIRT
EXCESSIVE BLOWBY
WEAR GAS OIL DOWN FLOW OIL BURN OUT
FROM I/V FLOW FROM E/V
EXCESSIVE
WEAR
EXCESSIVE
WEAR
FILTER
CLOGING
SCUFF, HEAVY
FRETTLING
CONTACT
ACID
ALKALINITY
PARTICULATE OIL CRANK CASE
CONTAMINATION Source : BPS
44. IV.7.2. Problem Should be Avoided on T/M-S/T and D/T Engine as Lube Requirements
IV.7.2. Problem Should be Avoided on T/M-S/T and D/T Engine as Lube Requirements
GEAR USED ON TRANSMISSION (T/M)
MECHANISM
GEAR USED ON DIFFERENTIAL (D/T)
MECHANISM
STRIGHT CUT GEAR – CYLINDER CUT GEAR
HUMMING
NOISE
GEAR USED ON STEERING (S/T)
MECHANISM SCORRING
FAILURE
HYPOID GEAR
ON
SURFACE
GEAR
PITTING
FAILURE
ON
SURFACE
GEAR
BEVEL GEAR
WORM WHEEL AND PINION GEAR
SPIRAL GEAR
RACK AND PINION GEAR Source : BPS
49. V.1. Relation Government ––OEM Automobile Industry & Oil and Gas Industry
V.1. Relation Government OEM Automobile Industry & Oil and Gas Industry
Role of Government
POLICY FUEL FOSIL & LUBE
ALTERNATIVE FORMULATED
REGULATORY PRODUCT
STANDARD
MONITORING
AUTOMOTIVE OIL & GAS
SUPPLY PRODUK AS INDUSTRY
INDUSTRY OEM REQUIREMENTS
OEM PRODUCT FORMULATION
REQUIREMENT SAFELY, LOW FUEL INPUT
CONSUMPTION, LOW
EMISSION AND
COMFORT
WARRANTY 2TH -> 3TH
NGO ORGANDA
CLAIM ? CLAIM ?
MEMBER
SCHOOL,
ASOSIASI
UNIVERSITY
Government END USER PELAKU BISNIS
Source : BPS
50. V. 2. Summary
V. 2. Summary
• 400.000 units as a Target (Stretching)
1. Market 2007 Growth
1. Market 2007 Growth • 380.000 units as a Normal Forecast (Gaikindo)
with forecast assumption
with forecast assumption • 360.000 units as a Prudence Forecast (Player)
Positive Negative
• Macro Economic Trend • Natural Disaster
• Stability • Security
• EPA, FTA • Cabinet Reshuffle
• New Brand, Product Introduction & Investment • Labor Mater
• No domestic fuel (subsidy) price increase • World Conflict
• Luxury Tax (PPnBM) case • International Oil price increase
2. GAIKINDO is committed to realize EURO2 Emission Regulation starts in January
2005 New model and in January 2007 for Current model, the Adopting ASEAN as
a common Fuel Specification for Indonesian Fuel Specification of EURO-2
considering the following important points :
GASOLINE SPECIFICATION DIESEL SPECIFICATION
1. Unleaded Gasoline, SULFUR contents max. 500 ppm.
2. No Metallic Octane Booster, Water contents max. 200 mg/Kg.
3. SULFUR Contents max. 500 ppm. Particulates max. 10 mg/l.
4. RON min. 91 Cetane Number min. 50
3. Bio Methanol is avoided, Ethanol (ETBE)&FAME concentration are max 3% and 5% v/v
4. Low Oil Consumption, Long Oil Change Interval, comply OEM req. is recommended.
5. Good FQMS, House Keeping, Enough Spec at Retail Level for Fuel & Lube is recommended
51. Thank you
Optimistic Person is always focus on a part of solution,
and
Pesimistic Person is always stayed too long as a part of problem
BTR-DINO-BPS