5. Presentation is a means of communication which
can be adapted to various speaking situations :
Talking to a group
Addressing a meeting
Briefing a team.
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7. Most People Feel Anxiety
What people fear most...
• Snakes
• Death
• Fire
• Height
• Dogs
• Insects
• Public speaking
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9. Why Are You Afraid?
• You are at the center of attention
•Lack of experience
•Feelings of strangeness
•Fear of rejection or embarrassment
•Fear of looking stupid in front of
others
•Fear that your mind will go blank
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11. Opening
40%
How to start a speech ?
The essence of your speech lies in
How You Start Speaking…
Stucturing
25%
Connect to
reality
15%
Closing
20%
1
1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
1 2 3 4
2
3
4
5
2
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12. Techniques of opening a speech
• Engage the audience
• Ask a question that requires the
audience to answer
• e.g.-
Suppose you are at a political rally. Instead
of saying:
“They’ve never done anything to help us.”
Try:
“What have they ever done to help us?”
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13. Techniques of opening a speech
• Use the Previous
speaker
• Pick up on something a
previous speaker said or did
• e.g. -
“Thank you Ms. McPherson for
an enlightening and
entertaining presentation on
the right way to apply for a
bank loan; we appreciate
having this mysterious area
clarified.”
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14. Techniques of opening a speech
• Prop or Visual
• Grab the attention of your audience and set the
mood
e.g. -
5
4
3
2
1
0
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horlicks complan bournvita boost
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february
march
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15. Techniques of opening a speech
• Compliment Your Audience
• Praise your audience. But be sincere
• e.g. -
• “It’s great to see you all, Thank you for coming
here today.”
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16. Techniques of opening a speech
• Story/Anecdote
• Tell a short story. Start your
presentation with a personal
story
• e.g. – A personal story
An inspirational story
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17. Techniques of opening a speech
• Challenging Question
• All good conversations start with a
good question
• e.g. –
In a speech about first aid, a speaker
could begin by asking, “Do you know
what to do if your child begins to
choke?”
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18. Techniques of opening a speech
• Suspense/ Surprise
• Start with a suspense-building
sentence or take them in one
direction then hit them with
surprise
e.g. – you can create suspense
by
Action
Words
A prop or a visual
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19. Techniques of opening a
speech
• Quotation
• Use a quotation that taps the
credibility and power of the person
who stated those words
• e.g. –
“You do not lead people by hitting them
over the head – that’s assault, not
leadership.’ We are looking for
leaders to inspire and motivate.”
– said by Dwight D. Eisenhower, 34th
President of the United States.
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20. •Time management
•Work life balance
•Online shopping
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21. How to Structure a speech ?
How to Structure a speech ?
Opening
40%
Closing
20%
Closing
20%
4 ways to structure a speech
1 2 3 4
Stucturing
Stucturing
25%
Connect to
Connect to
reality
15%
Opening
40%
25%
reality
15%
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22. Structuring a speech
• Melodrama Structure:
• A story personal to the speaker
with a similar structure to many
movies. We meet the character
and see their circumstances. Then
a tragedy occurs. And finally tell
how your character overcomes
and triumphs over the tragedy.
This speech structure creates a
journey that will emotionally
engage your audience and build
credibility.
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23. Structuring a speech
• The Tower Structure:
• Building up your
presentations step by step
by involving your audience
to first speak about the
problems and then the
solution.
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24. Structuring a speech
• Mystery Structure:
• Structure your speech around asking a
question or presenting a problem to the
audience that they are desperate to
know.
o Why has the problem occurred?
o How has the problem occurred?
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25. Structuring a speech
• Ping Pong Structure:
• Another fun way to structure
a speech is to present both
sides of the argument in such
a way that the audience
wants to find out
“Who wins?”.
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26. 2 ways to connect to reality
Opening
40%
Closing
20%
1 2
Stucturing
25%
Connect to
reality
15%
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28. Connect to reality
• Role - plays
• A skit or a role – play can prove helpful
in understanding a speech or a
presentation
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30. Techniques of closing
• Summary closing
• You simply summarize the points
that you detailed in the body of the
speech.
E.g.- The best way to summarize ideas
in your conclusion is to ask yourself
the following important questions:
Why?
What ?
How?
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31. Techniques of closing
• Wrap up closing
• You repeat or mention an
opening element to create a
complete loop
• E.g.-
A transition
A summary
A memorable closing statement
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32. Techniques of closing
• Direct appeal closing
• you ask the audience to
take specific action
• E.g.- At a graduation
ceremony, a speaker
might ask the new
graduates to take a
particular action or
change their outlook as
they begin their careers.
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33. Techniques of closing
• Reference closing
• You mention the group you
are speaking to, the location,
date, a quotation or other
point that connects you with
your audience.
• E.g.-If you’re speaking to a
community service group
you can mention their
• History
• Philosophy
• Achievements
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34. Techniques of closing
• Inspirational closing
• You use an inspirational
quotation, poem or anecdote
to end the speech.
• E.g.-
• “Live as if there is no tomorrow,
Learn as if you were to live
forever”
– a quote by Mahatma Gandhi,
our Father of the nation on
aspiring learners to study
further.
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37. 1. Practice Your Speech
Practice alone
many times
speak out loud
speak looking into a
mirror
stand in the corner
record your practice
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38. 2. Practice Your Speech
Practice before
friends
Gets you closer to the
"real world" of speaking to
a group
Even one person is good
for this type of practice
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39. 3. Have A Backup
Have a backup,
in case you
forget what you
want to say.
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40. Did you know it ?
• Body language is the quiet, secret and
most powerful language of all!
• According to experts, our non-verbal language
communicates about 50% of what we really mean
(voice tonality contributes 38%) while words
themselves contribute a mere 7%.
• Our bodies send out messages constantly and
often we don't recognize that we're
communicating a lot more than we realize.
• Between 60-80% of our message is
commnicated through our Body Language, only
7-10% is attributable to the actual words of a
conversation.
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41. Aspects of body Language
• 1. physical appearance
• __________________________________________
Conveys to others something special
• 2. posture
• __________________________________________
Tells others more than your words do
• 3. gestures
• __________________________________________
Add a visual aid to what you are saying
• 4. eye contact
• __________________________________________
• 5. facial expressions
• __________________________________________________
Shows your interest, courage and confidence
A mirror of your emotions
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42. Good posture?
Stand tall.
Walk tall and sit tall.
Sit at the front edge of the chair,
leaning slightly forward.
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43. Eye Contact?
Maintain sincere continuous eye contact.
Avoid staring.
Facial
expression?
Carry a warm and natural smile.
Gesture?
natural and meaningful
gesture when necessary
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44. Don’ts
• Don't wear heavy make-up and strong perfume.
• Don't be late.
• Don't eat, drink, chew gums or smoke.
•Don't cross your arms over your chest.
•Your cell phone should not be with you during a speech.
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45. 5 Last Minute Tips
1. Smile
2. Breathe
3. Water
4. Notes
5. Finish on, or under time
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46. Summary
Guide audience gently
Use pauses effectively
Answer questions inclusively
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