The document discusses Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD) and Hypochondriasis. It compares the two disorders and outlines their key characteristics, including prevalence, demographics, comorbidities, and treatments. BDD involves a preoccupation with an imagined or slight defect in appearance. Hypochondriasis involves a preoccupation with fears of having a serious illness despite medical reassurance. Both disorders share similarities with OCD but also have distinct features and impacts on quality of life. Cognitive-behavioral therapy is an appropriate treatment approach for both.

1. Body Dysmorphic Disorder, Hypochondriasis, Hoarding, and other OCD Spectrum Disorders; Comparing and Contrasting Treatments with OCD Fugen Neziroglu Ph.D., ABBP, ABPP Bio-Behavioral Institute Great Neck, NY www.biobehavioralinstitute.com

3. Obsessive Compulsive Spectrum Disorders

10. Percentage of People with Body Image Dissatisfaction Phillips (1996)

16. How Do All These Aspects Interrelate? Based on genetically and/or ethologically transmitted need for symmetry or aestheticism, maladaptive beliefs and values are learned which influences information processing and perception.

36. Symptom Severity in OCD & BDD Y-BOCS obsessions Y-BOCS compulsions OCD (n=61) M = 12.9 Severe BDD (n=53) M = 12.8 Severe OCD (n=61) M = 11.2 Severe BDD (n=53) M = 12.0 Severe

40. Frequency and Percentage of Abuse in BDD and OCD Abuse Type BDD (N=50) OCD (N=50) Any Abuse 19 (38%) 7 (14%) Sexual 11 (22%) 3 (6%) Physical 7 (14%) 4 (8%) Emotional 14 (28%) 1 (2%) Neziroglu F, Khemlani-Patel, S & Yaryura-Tobias. (2006). Body Image 3: 189-193

43. CBT Working Model Operant Conditioning Biological Predisposition Operant Conditioning Social Learning + CS UCS CR UCR Information Processing Bias Classical/Evaluative Conditioning Body Dysmorphic Disorder Neziroglu et al. (2004), Psychiatr Ann 34(12):915-920

50. CBT Working Model (Cont.) Operant Conditioning Biological Predisposition Operant Conditioning Social Learning + Body Dysmorphic Disorder Neziroglu et al. (2004), Psychiatr Ann 34(12):915-920 CS UCS CR UCR Information Processing Bias Classical Conditioning

57. Pie Chart of Values Artistic Achievement 30% Attractiveness 20% Family 15% Friendship 15% Money 10% Education 10% Neziroglu F, Khemlani-Patel S

71. OCD and HC Anxiety and Depression Scales

72. OCD and HC Obsessions and Compulsions DS-Disorder Specific

73. OCD and HC Body Sensations and Mobility p<.05;**p<.01

99. Model of Hoarding

126. Before Intervention: The Kitchen

127. Before Intervention: The Kitchen

128. Before Intervention: The Kitchen

129. After Intervention: The Kitchen

130. Before Intervention: The Living Room

131. Before Intervention: The Living Room

132. After Intervention: The Living Room

133. Before Intervention: The Guest Room

134. Before Intervention: The Guest Room

135. Before Intervention: The Living Room

136. After Intervention: The Guest Room