Academic integrity

Learning Development
6 August, 2014
ACADEMIC
INTEGRITY

August 6, 2014
NBS Using & Referencing Evidence in your Writing | www.newcastle.edu.au
2
Overview:
• Academic integrity
• How to use evidence in writing (and why)
• How to use Turnitin
• How to avoid plagiarism

August 6, 2014
3
“Plagiarism is the presentation of
the thoughts or works of another
as one's own”
So why not avoid the problem
by simply ignoring
the thoughts or works of others?

August 6, 2014
4
Why do we use evidence?
• Construct informed
argument
• Reasoned thought based
on “Rational inquiry”
(graduate attribute)
• Knowledge as social
construction

August 6, 2014
5
What constitutes evidence?
• “other people’s thoughts”
– Arguments
– Theories
• “other people’s work”
– Empirical research findings
– Data: facts and figures
• ALL IN AN ACADEMIC CONTEXT

Faculty of Business & Law: Summarising and Paraphrasing | www.newcastle.edu.au
6
When to use… quotes?
 Rare – only with good reason
 Exact wording: [change], leave… out, mistake [sic]
 Inverted commas, page number in reference
 Separate block if more than 40 words.

Use databases to find articles
• Search for material by keyword and subject
• Databases – the best, most direct and time-
efficient method, ensures the most thorough
coverage by simultaneously searching many
journals for articles on your topic
• Databases are scholarly tools – many articles are
“peer reviewed” – a guarantee of quality
• Provide text on screen, or citation to follow up
• Export your “finds” to EndNote
7

August 6, 2014
8
How to paraphrase well…
• Make brief, essential notes in dot-point or
diagram form, using your own words
• Write the assignment from your notes, not
from the original text

9
Paraphrase 1 – Words
The global economic downturn is depressing
revenues, thus threatening a key source of
employment and foreign exchange.
The global recession is reducing income,
damaging an essential source of jobs and
investment.

10
Paraphrase 2 – Syntax
A key source of employment and foreign
exchange is being threatened as revenue is
depressed by the global economic downturn.

11
Paraphrase 3 – Concept
Jobs and investment are being harmed by the
global recession’s impact on national income.

12
Paraphrase 4 – Relation
The loss of jobs and investment during the
global recession is felt most strongly in the
export industries of developing countries, but
this impact has varied between regions.

August 6, 2014
Faculty of Business & Law: Referencing | www.newcastle.edu.au
13

August 6, 2014
14
Turnitin
• For all written assignments you are required to submit
to the University, you should have the opportunity to
use Turnitin.
• Turnitin is a software intended to assist you and the
lecturer in assignment writing and assessment.
• Submission through Turnitin is mandatory for most
subjects.
• Turnitin is accessed through Blackboard (UoNline)

August 6, 2014
15Turnitin can assist you to
write and revise your assignment
• You will receive a report outlining the
sentences and phrases that are the same
or similar as other authors’ works
• Submit prior to the due date
– submit a draft as it is written
– set yourself a ‘Turnitin’ deadline a week
before the submission date

August 6, 2014
16
Turnitin finds matching text
• You need to interpret the report of matching text
– there is no ‘correct’ percentage
– green is not always ‘good’, red not always ‘bad’
• Text similarity may be due to:
– paraphrasing that still resembles the original text
– mistakes in referencing
– common terminology in the discipline
• Exclude your reference list and quotes from the text
match
– this makes it easier to detect problem sentences or phrases in the
body of your work

August 6, 2014
17

August 6, 2014
18

WARNING
RESUBMISSION TO TURNITIN
• Turnitin will generate the second originality report 24
hours after your first submission.
August 6, 2014
19

August 6, 2014
20
Types of evidence
 Reputable news and analysis
 Prospectuses and newsletters
 Journal articles
 Books
 (Recognised) websites
 Media releases
How can you use each one
to strengthen your work?

August 6, 2014
21
You’ve all heard the warnings.
What is ?PLAGIARISM
Plagiarism is the presentation of the thoughts or works of
another as one's own… It may include
 copying or paraphrasing material from any source without due
acknowledgment
 using another person's ideas without due acknowledgment
 working with others… and presenting the resulting work as
though it was completed independently
Student Academic Integrity Policy: UoN Policy 000608

August 6, 2014
22
The firm attempted to
motivate its employees
with a more democratic
decision-making
structure.

You want to use this passage
in your work. Which of the
following is plagiarism?

August 6, 2014
23
The firm attempted to motivate its
employees with a more democratic
decision-making structure.

YES. This is plagiarism. If you repeat someone’s
words, you must show that it is a direct quote and
include a reference to the original work.

August 6, 2014
24

YES. This is plagiarism. Although the words have
been changed, the expression is still identifiable as
the original. Understanding has not been shown.

August 6, 2014
25

YES. This is plagiarism. This time the syntax has
been changed, but the expression is still identifiable
as the original. Understanding has not been shown.

August 6, 2014
26

NO. This is not plagiarism. By changing the words
and syntax to express the same idea, the student
has demonstrated understanding. The reference
makes it clear that the idea is not the student’s own.

Paraphrase: Write it in Your Own Words
The original passage:
• Students frequently overuse direct quotation in taking notes, and
as a result they overuse quotations in the final [research] paper.
Probably only about 10% of your final manuscript should appear
as directly quoted matter. Therefore, you should strive to limit
the amount of exact transcribing of source materials while taking
notes. Lester, James D. Writing Research Papers. 2nd ed.
(1976): 46-47.
A legitimate paraphrase:
• In research papers students often quote excessively, failing to
keep quoted material down to a desirable level. Since the
problem usually originates during note taking, it is essential to
minimize the material recorded verbatim (Lester 46-47).
Retrieved from http://owl.english.purdue.edu August 6, 2014
27

(1976): 46-47.
An acceptable summary:
• Students should take just a few notes in direct
quotation from sources to help minimize the amount
of quoted material in a research paper (Lester 46-47).
28

(1976): 46-47.
A plagiarized version:
• Students often use too many direct quotations when
they take notes, resulting in too many of them in the
final research paper. In fact, probably only about 10%
of the final copy should consist of directly quoted
material. So it is important to limit the amount of
source material copied while taking notes.
29

Paraphrasing Exercise
• Of the more than 1000 bicycling deaths each year, three-fourths
are caused by head injuries. Half of those killed are school-age
children. One study concluded that wearing a bike helmet can
reduce the risk of head injury by 85 percent. In an accident, a
bike helmet absorbs the shock and cushions the head. From
"Bike Helmets: Unused Lifesavers," Consumer Reports (May
1990): 348.
• The use of a helmet is the key to reducing bicycling fatalities,
which are due to head injuries 75% of the time. By cushioning
the head upon impact, a helmet can reduce accidental injury by
as much as 85%, saving the lives of hundreds of victims
annually, half of whom are school children ("Bike Helmets" 348).
Copyright ©1995-2011 by The Writing Lab & The OWL at Purdue and Purdue University
30

While the Sears Tower is arguably the greatest achievement in
skyscraper engineering so far, it's unlikely that architects and
engineers have abandoned the quest for the world's tallest
building. The question is: Just how high can a building go?
Structural engineer William LeMessurier has designed a
skyscraper nearly one-half mile high, twice as tall as the Sears
Tower. And architect Robert Sobel claims that existing
technology could produce a 500-story building. From Ron
Bachman, "Reaching for the Sky." Dial (May 1990): 15.
• How much higher skyscrapers of the future will rise than the
present world marvel, the Sears Tower, is unknown. However,
the design of one twice as tall is already on the boards, and an
architect, Robert Sobel, thinks we currently have sufficient know-
how to build a skyscraper with over 500 stories (Bachman 15).
Copyright ©1995-2011 by The Writing Lab & The OWL at Purdue and Purdue University
August 6, 2014
31

Best way to observe Academic Integrity?
• Start practising
• Get assistance
early
August 6, 2014
32

REMINDER!!
• Complete the Academic Integrity Module
• You'll receive an email advising that you need to complete the module.
• The module is a 30 minute online test completed in UoNline.
• You need to gain a score of 100 per cent to pass, and you can repeat the module
as many times as you need to achieve this mark. Once you have successfully
completed the module, this will be automatically recorded against your details in
myHub.
• If you don't complete the module within the timeframe, you'll be unable to re-enrol
in courses, view exam results, grades and transcripts, or graduate.
August 6, 2014
33

Academic integrity

Empfohlen

Empfohlen

Weitere ähnliche Inhalte

Was ist angesagt?

Was ist angesagt? (20)

Ähnlich wie Academic integrity

Ähnlich wie Academic integrity (20)

Kürzlich hochgeladen

Kürzlich hochgeladen (20)

Academic integrity