The document provides a review of topics for a final exam in mathematics, including the five NCTM standards of number and operations, algebra, geometry, measurement, and data analysis & probability. For each standard, it lists several key concepts and skills that students should understand, such as understanding numbers and operations, representing mathematical situations algebraically, analyzing geometric relationships, applying measurement techniques, and using data to make inferences.

1. Final Exam Review
Know the NCTM strands and
standards.

2. Number and Operations
Understand numbers, ways of
representing numbers, relationships
among numbers, and number systems.
Understand meanings of operations
and how they relate to one another.
Compute fluently and make reasonable
estimates.

3. Algebra
Understand patterns, relations, and
functions
Represent and analyze mathematical
situations and structures using algebraic
symbols
Use mathematical models to represent
and understand quantitative relationships
Analyze change in various contexts

4. Geometry
Analyze characteristics and properties of two- and
three-dimensional geometric shapes and develop
mathematical arguments about geometric
relationships
Specify locations and describe spatial relationships
using coordinate geometry and other
representational systems
Apply transformations and use symmetry to
analyze mathematical situations
Use visualization, spatial reasoning, and geometric
modeling to solve problems

5. Measurement
Understand measurable attributes of
objects and the units, systems, and
processes of measurement
Apply appropriate techniques, tools,
and formulas to determine measurements

6. Data Analysis & Probability
Formulate questions that can be
addressed with data and collect, organize, and
display relevant data to answer them
Select and use appropriate statistical
methods to analyze data
Develop and evaluate inferences and
predictions that are based on data
Understand and apply basic concepts of
probability

7. Apply appropriate
techniques, tools, and
formulas to determine
measurements

8. Measurement
Apply appropriate
techniques, tools, and
formulas to determine
measurements

9. Use visualization, spatial
reasoning, and geometric
modeling to solve
problems

10. Geometry
Use visualization, spatial
reasoning, and geometric
modeling to solve
problems

11. Understand patterns,
relations, and functions

12. Algebra
Understand patterns,
relations, and functions

13. Apply transformations
and use symmetry to
analyze mathematical
situations

14. Geometry
Apply transformations
and use symmetry to
analyze mathematical
situations

15. Formulate questions that
can be addressed with
data and collect,
organize, and display
relevant data to answer
them

16. Data Analysis & Probability
Formulate questions that
can be addressed with
data and collect,
organize, and display
relevant data to answer
them

17. Understand measurable
attributes of objects and
the units, systems, and
processes of measurement

18. Measurement
Understand measurable
attributes of objects and
the units, systems, and
processes of measurement

19. Compute fluently and
make reasonable
estimates

20. Number and Operations
Compute fluently and
make reasonable
estimates

21. Represent and analyze
mathematical situations
and structures using
algebraic symbols

22. Algebra
Represent and analyze
mathematical situations
and structures using
algebraic symbols

23. Understand and apply
basic concepts of
probability

24. Data Analysis & Probability
Understand and apply
basic concepts of
probability

25. Understand meanings of
operations and how they
relate to one another

26. Number and Operations
Understand meanings of
operations and how they
relate to one another

27. Select and use
appropriate statistical
methods to analyze data

28. Data Analysis & Probability
Select and use
appropriate statistical
methods to analyze data

29. Analyze characteristics and
properties of two- and three-
dimensional geometric
shapes and develop
mathematical arguments
about geometric relationships

30. Geometry
Analyze characteristics and
properties of two- and three-
dimensional geometric
shapes and develop
mathematical arguments
about geometric relationships

31. Understand numbers,
ways of representing
numbers, relationships
among numbers, and
number systems

32. Number and Operations
Understand numbers,
ways of representing
numbers, relationships
among numbers, and
number systems

33. Use mathematical
models to represent and
understand quantitative
relationships

34. Algebra
Use mathematical
models to represent and
understand quantitative
relationships

35. Develop and evaluate
inferences and
predictions that are
based on data

36. Data Analysis & Probability
Develop and evaluate
inferences and
predictions that are
based on data

37. Specify locations and
describe spatial
relationships using
coordinate geometry and
other representational
systems

38. Geometry
Specify locations and
describe spatial
relationships using
coordinate geometry and
other representational
systems

39. Analyze change in
various contexts

40. Algebra
Analyze change in
various contexts