1. āļāđāļēāļāļ§āļēāļĄāđāļïāļēāđāļāļāļąāļāļ§āļīāļāļē
âĒ āļāļ§āļēāļĄāļāļēāļāļŦāļ§āļąāļāļïāļāļ§āļīāļāļē
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âĒ āđāļāļ§āļāļēāļāļāļēāļĢāđāļĢāļĩāļĒāļāļāļēāļĢāļŠāļāļ
âĒ āļāđāļēāļĢāļē/āļŦāļāļąāļāļŠāļ·āļāļïāļēāļāļāļīāļ
âĒ āđāļāļ§āļāļēāļāļāļēāļĢāļāļĢāļ°āđāļĄāļīāļāļāļĨ
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2
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2. āđāļāļ§āļāļēāļāļāļēāļĢāđāļĢāļĩāļĒāļāļāļēāļĢāļŠāļāļ
âĒ Theme-based, practical, real situations
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âĒ āđāļïāļāļāļēāļĢāļĄāļĩāļŠïāļ§āļāļĢïāļ§āļĄ āđāļïāļāļāļĨāļļïāļĄāļāļ āļīāļāļĢāļēāļĒāđāļāļāļēāļāđāļ§āļĨāļē
âĒ āļāļđïāļŠāļāļāļĄāļĩāļŦāļïāļēāļāļĩāđāļāļāļāļĢāļ°āđāļāđāļ āļļ
âĒ āļĻāļķāļāļĐāļēāļïāļāļāļ§ïāļēāļïāļ§āļĒāļāļāđāļāļ āļāļēāļĄāļĢāļēāļĒāļĨāļ°āđāļāļĩāļĒāļāđāļ
āđāļāļāļŠāļēāļĢ
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3
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3. āđāļāļāļŠāļēāļĢāļāļĢāļ°āļāļāļāļāļēāļĢāđāļĢāļĩāļĒāļ
âĒ Website
Changed with the DEMO VERSION of CAD-KAS PDF-Editor (http://www.cadkas.com).
âĒ āļŦāļāļąāļāļŠāļ·āļāļāđāļēāļĢāļēāļïāļēāļāļāļĢāļ°āđāļāļĻ
âĒ āđāļāļāļŠāļēāļĢāļāļēāļāļŦāļïāļ§āļĒāļāļēāļāļ āļēāļāļĢāļēāļāļāļēāļĢāļāļĩāđ
āđāļāļĩāđāļĒāļ§āļïāļāļ: āļāļĢāļ°āļāļĢāļ§āļāđāļāļāđāļāđāļĨāļĒāļĩāļŠāļēāļĢāļŠāļāđāļāļĻ
āđāļŦïāļāļāļēāļāļī, āļĻāļđāļāļĒïāđāļāļāđāļāđāļĨāļĒāļĩāļāļīāđāļĨāđāļāļāļĢāļāļāļīāļāļŠï
āđāļĨāļ°āļāļāļĄāļāļīāļ§āđāļāļāļĢïāđāļŦïāļāļāļēāļāļī
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of āļïāļēāļ§āļŠāļēāļĢāļāļĢāļ°āļāđāļēāļ§āļąāļ
4
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4. āļāļ°āđāļāļāđāļāđāļ
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āļāļēāļāļāļĨāļļïāļĄ
w āđāļĨāļ·āļāļāļŦāļąāļ§āļïāļāļāļēāļāļāļĩāđāļāđāļēāļŦāļāļ āļŦāļĢāļ·āļāđāļŠāļāļāļŦāļąāļ§āļïāļāđāļŦāļĄï (āļïāļāļāđāļïāļĢāļąāļāļāļēāļĢ
āļāļāļļāļĄāļąāļāļīāļāļēāļāļāļēāļāļēāļĢāļĒïāļāļĢāļ°āļāđāļēāļ§āļīāļāļēāļïāļāļ)
w āļāļąāļāļāđāļēāļĢāļēāļĒāļāļēāļ āļāļ§āļēāļĄāļĒāļēāļ§āļāļĢāļ°āļĄāļēāļ 20-30 āļŦāļïāļē āļāļāļāļāļĢāļ°āļāļēāļĐ A4
w āļŠïāļāļĢāļēāļĒāļāļēāļāđāļāļ§āļąāļāļŠāļāļ
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5. āđāļāļāđāļāđāļĨāļĒāļĩāļāļąāļāļŠāļąāļāļāļĄ
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- āļāļ§āļēāļĄāļŠāļąāļĄāļāļąāļāļïāļĢāļ°āļŦāļ§ïāļēāļāđāļāļāđāļāđāļĨāļĒāļĩāļāļąāļāļŠāļąāļāļāļĄ
- āļāļēāļĢāđāļāļĢïāļāļĢāļ°āļāļēāļĒāđāļĨāļ°āļāļēāļĢāļĒāļāļĄāļĢāļąāļāļāļ§āļąāļāļāļĢāļĢāļĄ
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6. āđāļāļ§āļāļīāļāđāļāļĩāđāļĒāļ§āļāļąāļāļāļ§āļēāļĄāļŠāļąāļĄāļāļąāļāļïāļĢāļ°āļŦāļ§ïāļēāļ
āđāļāļāđāļāđāļĨāļĒāļĩāđāļĨāļ°āļŠāļąāļāļāļĄ
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Technological Determinism
āđāļāļāđāļāđāļĨāļĒāļĩ
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āļŠāļąāļāļāļĄ
Social Shaping of Technology
Social Determinism
7
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7. Technological Determinism
âĒ Technology = autonomous force that change
society
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âĒ Technology is either a primary causal factor, the
single most influential determinant, one-way street
âĒ Single innovation directly cause social change
âĒ Suspension of ethical judgment or social control.
Tech becomes âend itself rather than a means to an
end.
âĒ Technology is neutral or value-free, what counts is
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not technology but the way we use tech.
âĒ The âscientist/technologistâ knows best
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8. Changed with the DEMO VERSION of CAD-KAS PDF-Editor (http://www.cadkas.com).
What about unintended consequences of
technology?
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9
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9. Social Shaping of Technology
âĒ Society = autonomous force that change
technology
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âĒ Technology = partially response of society to solve
problems = so member of society should have at
least some control over the application
âĒ Technology and development â not linear process
âĒ Emphasis shifted away from single invention to tech
development (systems) occurs through time,
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subject to a host of forces
âĒ Technology choice!
10
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10. Changed with the DEMO VERSION of CAD-KAS PDF-Editor (http://www.cadkas.com).
Demand Pull vs. Supply Push
Debate on Innovation
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11
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11. āļāļ§āļāļāļĢāļĢāļĄ: Innovation
1) Incremental Innovations
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â continuous
â small scale improvements - certain activity, industry,
service
â not always result from R&D programs
2) Radical Innovations
â discontinuous events
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â deliberate R&D activity
â product, process, organizational innovations
â but relatively small and localized impacts
12
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12. āļāļ§āļāļāļĢāļĢāļĄ: Innovation
3) Changes of âTechnology Systemâ
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â Changes in technology -->affect economic sectors --> rise
to entirely new sectors
â combination of incremental and radical innovations plus
organizational innovation in more than a few firms
4) Techno-Economic Paradigm
â technological change --> changes in behaviour of the entire
economy
â Kondratieff cycles: successive waves of technical change
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13. Kondratieff Cycle (50years cycle hypothesis)
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Steam Engine Telephone TV Computer
ave
ave
ave
ave
ve
1st Wa
2nd W
3rd W
4th W
5th W
Analog
Electronics
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Industry Information
Revolution Renovation
Source:
Agricultural Industrial Information Dr.Park
Society Society Society (ETRI)
1814 1873 1920 1973 2010-20xx
14
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14. Technology Diffusion/Adoption
âĒ innovators - venturesome, educated,
multiple info sources, greater propensity to
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take risk
âĒ early adopters - social leaders, popular,
educated
âĒ early majority - deliberate, many informal
social contacts
âĒ late majority - skeptical, traditional, lower
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socio-economic status
âĒ laggards - neighbours and friends are main
info sources, fear of debt
15
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15. Changed with the DEMO VERSION of CAD-KAS PDF-Editor (http://www.cadkas.com).
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16
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16. Five stages Model for Diffusion (Rogers)
âĒ Knowledge - learning about the existence
and function of the innovation
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âĒ Persuasion - becoming convinced of the
value of the innovation
âĒ Decision - committing to the adoption of the
innovation
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of Implementation - putting it to use
âĒ Confirmation - the ultimate acceptance (or
rejection) of the innovation
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17. Changed with the DEMO VERSION of CAD-KAS PDF-Editor (http://www.cadkas.com).
Debate
Revolution āļŦāļĢāļ·āļ Evolution?
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18
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āđāļāļāđāļāđāļĨāļĒāļĩāļŠāļēāļĢāļŠāļāđāļāļĻāđāļĨāļ°āļāļēāļĢāļŠāļ·āđāļāļŠāļēāļĢ
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19. āļāđāļēāļāļīāļĒāļēāļĄ
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Information
Communication
Technology
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Infrastructure
???
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20. āļāļāļĄāļāļīāļ§āđāļāļāļĢï: Mooreâs Law
Figure 1 The M re's law: Developm
.7: oo
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ent u Capacity of
from the4004 to the Pentium4 processor
100 000 000
Pentium IV
semiconductor chips
doubles every 18-24
10 000 000
PentiumIII
months.
Nu mbe r o f tran sistors
PentiumPro
1 000 000
486DX Number of transistors on a chip:
1971: 2 300 (Intel 4004)
386DX
100 000
2000: 42 000 000 (Pentium IV)
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8028
8086
10 000
8080
4004
1 000
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Source: Intel Museum.
21
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21. āļāļāļĄāļāļīāļ§āđāļāļāļĢï: mobility
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22
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22. āļāļāļāļïāđāļ§āļĢï: āļāļ§āļēāļĄāļŦāļĨāļēāļāļŦāļĨāļēāļĒ
(Diversity)
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âĒ Developers
â āļāļĢāļīāļĐāļąāļ Software, āļāļĢāļīāļĐāļąāļāļŪāļēāļĢïāļāđāļ§āļĢï, āļāļĢāļīāļĐāļąāļāļāļđïāđāļï
âĒ āļāļĢāļ°āđāļ āļāļāļāļ Software
â System, Application Tool, Application
â Generic Software vs Specific Software
âĒ Hardware Platform
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of Mode of Delivery: Package, Custom
âĒ Market: Domestic vs Export, Industrial Segment
23
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23. āļāļāļāļïāđāļ§āļĢï
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âĒ āļĢāļđāļāđāļāļāļāļļāļĢāļāļīāļāļāļĩāđāđāļāļĨāļĩāđāļĒāļāđāļāļĨāļ
âĒ âIntellectual Property Rightâ
â Digital products
â Copyright vs Patent
âĒ Open source
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24
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24. Broadcasting Technologies
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25
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25. āđāļāļĢāļāļĄāļāļēāļāļĄ
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26. āļāđāļēāđāļĄāļïāļāļāļŠāļāđāļāļāļīāļāđāļāļāļĢïāđāļāđāļ:
Speed (Reaching the 50 million mark)
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40
35
Years 30
25
20
15
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10
5
0
Radio PC TV Internet
Years to reach 50 million mark 27
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27. āļāđāļēāđāļĄāļïāļāļāļŠāļāđāļāļāļīāļāđāļāļāļĢïāđāļāđāļ:
Diversified Applications
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29. Broadband
âĒ āļāļ§āļēāļĄāļŠāļēāļĄāļēāļĢāļāđāļāļāļēāļĢāļĢāļąāļāļŠïāļāļïāļāļĄāļđāļĨ āđāļŠāļĩāļĒāļ āđāļĨāļ°āļ āļēāļ
āļïāļ§āļĒāļāļ§āļēāļĄāđāļĢāđāļ§āļŠāļđāļ
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â ITU: āļŠāļđāļāļāļ§ïāļēāļāļ§āļēāļĄāđāļĢāđāļ§āđāļāļāļēāļĢāļĢāļąāļāļŠïāļāļïāļāļĄāļđāļĨāđāļāļ ISDN
â āļāļ§āļĢāđāļïāļ moving targets
âĒ Always on
âĒ Killer applications?
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30. āđāļāļ§āđāļïāļĄāļāļēāļĢāļāļąāļāļāļēāđāļāļāđāļāđāļĨāļĒāļĩ
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Shortened Technology Life Cycle
Convergence between Technologies
Ambiguous Industry Boundaries
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Ubiquitous Society
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31. āļāļēāļĢāļŦāļĨāļāļĄāļĢāļ§āļĄāļāļąāļāļāļāļāđāļāļāđāļāđāļĨāļĒāļĩ
Computers Broadcasting
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Changed with the DEMO VERSION of CAD-KAS PDF-Editor (http://www.cadkas.com).
Connected to Broadband and
networks cable services
PC TV
Mobile and Appliance
Wireless
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Cable
changes to
wireless
Electronic Games
Telecommunications and Embedded Systems
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32. Convergence: IPTV
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33. Convergence: VoIP
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34. Convergence: ipod
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35. Change in Computing Environment
Main frame PC & the Internet Ubiquitous IT
1980s 1990s 21st Century
âĒ many persons, one computer âĒ one person, one computer
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IBM
Wide spread use of Internet
Network Broadband
Wireless
Deluge of
Bandwidth
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Context
Ubiquitous
Ubiquitous
Scientific/Engineering
Calculation OA (Word Processing etc)
Intelligent Services
awareness Computing
Computing
& entertainment
Reduction
of Size
Building-size
Building- Palm-size
Palm-
Mainframe Disappearing
Box-size
Box- Portable
Devices
Personal Computer Devices
Source : Restructured from Min-gyu Park(2003), âUbiquitous Computing International Symposiumâ
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36. Ubiquitous Network Society
âĒ Ubiquitous Networks: Networks That Anyone
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Any Appliance
âĒ Advances in broadband, mobile services, digital
broadcasting, and information terminals has led
and will lead to the development of ubiquitous
networks
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37. What will ICT bring?
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http://www.soumu.go.jp/menu_02/ict/u-japan_en/j_r-menu_u.html
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38
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38. Changed with the DEMO VERSION of CAD-KAS PDF-Editor (http://www.cadkas.com).
Social Implications of ICT: What will we
learn?
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