Kubernetes has become the dominant platform for container orchestration after starting as an internal Google project. It provides a unified platform for deploying and managing container-based applications across public and private clouds. Kubernetes handles tasks like scheduling, health monitoring, and automated rollouts and rollbacks. It uses controllers to define and manage the desired state for workloads. Many companies have built products that integrate with Kubernetes to provide additional capabilities like service meshes, security tools, and serverless functions. Red Hat focuses on delivering Kubernetes through OpenShift along with capabilities for developers, operators, and a consistent hybrid cloud experience.

1. KUBERNETES IS THE PLATFORM.
WHAT’S NEXT?
BRIAN GRACELY
Director Product Strategy, Red Hat OpenShift
June 2018

2. A Brief History Lesson

3. “Software is Eating the World….”

5. HOW THE “PLATFORM” MARKET EVOLVED
2009-2011 2014-2015
PaaS Platforms
Platform-Specific
Application Packaging
Platform-Specific
Resource Scheduling
Limited to Specific
Cloud Platforms
CaaS Platforms

6. THE HISTORY OF KUBERNETES
Google runs all applications on
Linux containers. Google
internal container
orchestrator called “Borg”.
CNCF created. Google
donates Kubernetes to
CNCF for Governance. Open
Source community created.
Google creates open source
version of Borg, called
Kubernetes. Creates cloud-
agnostic container
orchestration.
June 2014 December 20152006-Present

7. RED HAT, LINUX, CONTAINERS AND KUBERNETES
Red Hat
Enterprise Linux
(RHEL)
2002
2010
Containers in RHEL
(cgroups)
2014
Docker Containers
In RHEL
Google and Red Hat
initially discuss
Kubernetes
2014 2015
Google donates
Kubernetes to CNCF
2015
OpenShift 3.0
Integrated
Kubernetes
2017
CNCF announces
Kubernetes
Conformance

8. STANDARDIZING ON KUBERNETES
KUBERNETES
Others
(industry has moved on)
Cloud Foundry Diego
AWS Blox
Rancher Cattle
VMware Admiral
CoreOS Fleet
HashiCorp Nomad
Docker Swarm
Mesos
NOVEMBER 2017
...and many more!

9. Kubernetes Architecture
(Composable Platform)

10. WHAT DOES KUBERNETES PROVIDE?
MASTERS:
Control plane for Kubernetes
• Manage API Server
• Manage Scheduler
• Manager Cluster Services
HOSTS:
• Run the Kubelet
• Manage tasks
assigned by
Kubernetes Masters
(CSI) STORAGE
INTERFACE
ORCHESTRATION CLUSTER SERVICES
DEPLOYMENT STRATEGIES
(CNI) NETWORK
INTERFACE
HOST
KUBELET
HOST
KUBELET
KUBERNETES API

11. KUBERNETES CONTROLLERS – MANY WAYS TO DEPLOY APPLICATIONS
Replica Sets: A ReplicaSet ensures that a specific number of pod replicas are running at
a given time. Usually used in conjunction with a “Deployment”.
Deployments: Defines a specific state of a Deployment object. Could be a ReplicaSet,
state of a pod, Rollback, etc.
StatefulSet: Used for Stateful applications. Creates a sticky identity for pods.
DaemonSet: Used for ensure all Nodes run an instance of the pod. Used for cluster-wide
services (e.g. Logging, Monitoring, Container Storage,
Jobs: Used for “Run to Completion” tasks.
CronJob: Used for time-based Jobs, “Run to Completion” tasks.
Custom Resources: Collection of additional APIs used to extend existing Kubernetes
functionality (also known as “CRDs”
Operators: Manage, package and deploy Kubernetes applications, using Day 1 and Day 2 awareness.

12. PHYSICAL
KUBERNETES
CONTAINER RUNTIME | CONTAINER PACKAGING
CONTAINER CONTAINERCONTAINER CONTAINER CONTAINER
VIRTUAL PRIVATE PUBLIC
LINUX HOST | WINDOWS HOST
SECURITY
CONTAINER
REGISTRY
TELEMETRY STORAGE NETWORK
DEVELOPER EXPERIENCE
NEEDS IN A KUBERNETES PLATFORM

13. Kubernetes – A Unified Platform

14. IoT
APPS
CLOUD
NATIVE
APPS
KUBERNETES – SUPPORTING MANY APPLICATIONS
BIG DATA
APPS
HPC
APPS
MOBILE
APPS
EXISTING
APPS
KUBERNETES
UNIFIED
ORCHESTRATION

15. IoT
APPS
CLOUD
NATIVE
APPS
KUBERNETES – MANY AREAS OF INNOVATION
BIG DATA
APPS
HPC
APPS
MOBILE
APPS
EXISTING
APPS
KUBERNETES
UNIFIED
ORCHESTRATION
SERVICE MESH SECURITY
DEVELOPER
TOOLS
PIPELINESIAM

16. IoT
APPS
CLOUD
NATIVE
APPS
SERVICE BROKERS – OFF PLATFORM SERVICES
BIG DATA
APPS
HPC
APPS
MOBILE
APPS
EXISTING
APPS
KUBERNETES
UNIFIED
ORCHESTRATION
SERVICE MESH SECURITY
DEVELOPER
TOOLS
SERVICE
BROKERS
PIPELINESIAM

17. IoT
APPS
CLOUD
NATIVE
APPS
CUSTOMER RESOURCE DEFINITIONS - EXTENSIONS
BIG DATA
APPS
HPC
APPS
MOBILE
APPS
EXISTING
APPS
KUBERNETES
UNIFIED
ORCHESTRATION
SERVICE MESH SECURITY
DEVELOPER
TOOLS
SERVICE
BROKERS
PIPELINES
CUSTOM
RESOURCE
DEFINITIONS
IAM

18. IoT
APPS
CLOUD
NATIVE
APPS
OPERATORS - IMPROVING DAY 2 OPERATIONS
BIG DATA
APPS
HPC
APPS
MOBILE
APPS
EXISTING
APPS
KUBERNETES
UNIFIED
ORCHESTRATION
PLATFORM OPERATORS - IMMUTABLE INFRASTRUCTURE
APPLICATION OPERATORS (ALM)
SERVICE MESH SECURITY
DEVELOPER
TOOLS
SERVICE
BROKERS
PIPELINES
CUSTOM
RESOURCE
DEFINITIONS
IAM

19. OPERATOR FRAMEWORK
PUBLIC CLOUD (#1) PUBLIC CLOUD (#2)
PRIVATE CLOUD | DATA CENTER
● CONSISTENT PLATFORM (INFRASTRUCTURE)
● CONSISTENT APPLICATION DEPLOYMENTS
● HIGHLY AUTOMATED | HIGHLY SECURE

20. SERVERLESS FUNCTIONS – MANY CHOICES
KUBERNETES
UNIFIED
ORCHESTRATION
PLATFORM OPERATORS - IMMUTABLE INFRASTRUCTURE
APPLICATION OPERATORS (ALM)
SERVICE MESH SECURITY
DEVELOPER
TOOLS
SERVICE
BROKERS
PIPELINES
CUSTOM
RESOURCE
DEFINITIONS
SERVERLESS
FUNCTIONS
IAM
https://landscape.cncf.io/landscape=serverless

21. IoT
APPS
CLOUD
NATIVE
APPS
UNIFIED ARCHITECTURE - ACCELERATES ADOPTION
BIG DATA
APPS
HPC
APPS
MOBILE
APPS
EXISTING
APPS
KUBERNETES
UNIFIED
ORCHESTRATION
PLATFORM OPERATORS - IMMUTABLE INFRASTRUCTURE
APPLICATION OPERATORS (ALM)
SERVICE MESH SECURITY
DEVELOPER
TOOLS
SERVICE
BROKERS
PIPELINES
CUSTOM
RESOURCE
DEFINITIONS
IAM
SERVERLESS
FUNCTIONS

22. OPENSHIFT + CoreOS UNIFIED PLATFORM
Developer Productivity
Build Automation, Image
Streams, CI/CD
Kubernetes
Red Hat Enterprise Linux or Red Hat CoreOS
Automated
Operations
Hybrid Cloud
App
Monitoring
Infra
Monitoring
Service Cat/Operators
etcd, Prometheus, Red
Hat Middleware, ISVs
Cluster Services
Metering/Chargeback,
Metrics, Logging, Registry
CaaS PaaSBest Operator Experience Best Developer Experience
Operator Lifecycle Manager
Ops & Dev Consoles
Install / Upgrade
Security / Auth
Network / CNI
Storage / CSI

23. Questions?

24. Thank You