2. Ruptures of perineum Rupture of perineum of the 1st degree 1 – anterior wall of the vagina 2 – posterior wall of vagina 3 – crotch 4 – skin of perineum
3. Ruptures of perineum Rupture of perineum of the 2nddegree 1 – anterior wall of the vagina 2 – upper edge of the rupture 3 – posterior wall of vagina 4 – crotch 5 – skin of perineum
4. Ruptures of perineum Rupture of perineum of the 3rddegree 1 – posterior wall of the vagina 2 – upper edge of the rupture 3 – crotch 4 – mucous tunic of rectum 5 – sphincter 6 – anus
6. Ruptures of perineum Suturing of the rupture of perineum of the 2nd degree: a - suturing the vaginal wall b - suturing the muscles c - suturing the skin of perineum
7. Ruptures of perineum Suturing of the rupture of perineum of the 3rd degree: a - suturing the rectum wall b - suturing the sphincter
12. Obstetric forceps а) introduction of the left spoon of tongs; b) introduction of right spoon; в) trial traction; г) descending of head in tongs and defense of crotch; d) removal of spoons;