This talk was held on International PHP Conference 2011 and

1. Doctrine NoSQL
Benjamin Eberlei (SimpleThings GmBH)

2. About me
Benjamin Eberlei
Working at SimpleThings GmBH
http://www.simplethings.de
Open Source contributor
Doctrine2, Symfony2
(Zeta Components, PHPUnit, ...)
Twitter @beberlei
Blog http://www.whitewashing.de

3. The Doctrine Project
www.doctrine-project.org
The Doctrine Project is the home of a selected
set of PHP libraries primarily focused on
providing persistence services and related
functionality.

4. Doctrine Subprojects
DBAL and ORM
Document Mapper (MongoDB, CouchDB, PHPCR)
Annotations
XML
What is next?

5. Doctrine Philosophy
Separating Persistance and Objects

6. Doctrine Philosophy
Small common API - Similar look and feel

7. Doctrine Philosphy
Embrace Differences

8. Why NoSQL Mapper?
Schemaless storage allows storing:
Arbitrary associations
Embedded objects
Lists and Associative Arrays
No duplicate schema-maintenance!

9. Doctrine NoSQL History
MongoDB Mapper early 2010 (OpenSky)
CouchDB Mapper started in October 2010 (Liip)
PHPCR ODM started in early 2011 (Liip)
APIs heavily inspired from ORM

10. SQL and NoSQL Similarities
Extracted common persistence interfaces
Covering roughly 10-20% of the use-cases
Simple Finder Methods
Insert/Update/Delete
Metadata API
Support for Annotations/XML/YAML/PHP Mapping

11. Persistence Interfaces
<?php
interface ObjectManager
{
function find($class, $id);
function getReference($class, $id);
function persist($object);
function remove($object);
function flush();
function getClassMetadata($class);
function getRepository($class);
}

12. Persistence Interfaces
<?php
interface ObjectRepository
{
function find($id);
function findAll();
function findBy(array $criteria,
$orderBy = null,
$limit = null,
$offset = null
)
function findOneBy(array $criteria);
}

13. Sample Document
<?php
/** @Document */
class Message
{
/** @Id */
public $id;
/** @Field(type="string") */
public $text;
}
$message = new Message();
$message->setText("Hello World!");

14. NoSQL benefits
<?php
/** @Document */
class Product
{
/** other fields */
/** @Field(type="array") */
public $attributes;
/** @Field(type="array") */
public $translations;
}
$product->attributes["isbn"] = "A-B-C-D";
$product->translations["de"]["name"] = "Ein Produkt";

15. Working with Objects 1
Creating a new document:
<?php
/** @var $dm DocumentManager */
$message = new Message();
$message->setText("I am new!");
$dm->persist($message);
$dm->flush();
echo "ID: " . $message->getId();

16. Working with Objects 2
Find and update document:
<?php
/** @var $dm DocumentManager */
$message = $dm->find("Message", 1);
$message->setText("New Message");
$dm->flush();

17. Working with Objects 3
Find and remove documents:
<?php
/** @var $dm DocumentManager */
$repository = $dm->getRepository("User");
$criteria = array("status" => "inactive");
$users = $repository->findBy($criteria);
foreach ($users AS $user) {
$dm->remove($user);
}
$dm->flush();

18. Persistence API Use-Cases
No query abstraction
Focus on "in memory" object workflows
Specialized reusable Modules for Frameworks
Symfony2:
User Management
Comment
Admin Generators
lichess

19. Associations in NoSQL
Cons
No referential integrity
No support for transactions
Pros
Embedded Documents
Adhoc references of arbitrary types

20. Association Mappings
<?php
/** @Document */
class Blog
{
/** @ReferenceMany */
private $articles;
/** @ReferenceOne(targetDocument="User") */
private $owner;
}

21. Association keys
<?php
$id = "1";
$articleSlug = "hello-world";
$blog = $dm->find("Blog", $id);
$blog->articles[$articleSlug]->getHeadline();

22. Embedded Mappings
<?php
/** @Document */
class User
{
/** @EmbedMany */
private $phonenumbers;
/** @EmbedOne(targetDocument="Address") */
private $address;
}

23. CouchDB and Doctrine
JSON Datastorage
HTTP/REST API
MVCC, eventually consistent (Conflicts)
Replication
Attachments
Views and Map/Reduce in Javascript
CouchDB Lucene
Doctrine CouchDB 1.0 Alpha 1

24. JSON Document
{
"_id": "716104ac33c797b12d50c0a6483f1661",
"_rev": "1-32db404b78f130fd8f7575905859e19b",
"doctrine_metadata":
{
"type": "MyProject.Document.Message",
"associations":
{
"user": "055fe8a3ab06c3998d27b6d99f5a9bdd"
}
},
"message": "I am a message"
}

25. Document Version
Implement Optimistic-Locking
<?php
class Article
{
/** @Version */
private $version;
}
$article = $dm->find(
"Article", $id, $expectedVersion
);

26. Attachments
CouchDB supports Attachments to documents
Doctrine converts into Attachment object
Lazy Load binary data from the server
Stream support planned
<?php
class Article
{
/** @Attachments */
public $attachments = array();
}

27. Attachments 2
<?php
use DoctrineCouchDBAttachment;
$article = $dm->find("Article", 1);
$data = $article->attachments["teaser.jpg"]->getContent();
$a = Attachment::createFromBase64data($data, "image/jpg");
$article->attachments["author.jpg"] = $a;
$dm->flush();

28. Views
Doctrine CouchDB maps filesystem to design document:
application/
couchdb/
views/
username/
map.js
reduce.js
Use javascript syntax higlighting in your IDE/Editor.

29. Views 2
<?php
use DoctrineCouchDBViewFileFolderDesignDocument;
$path = "/path/application/couchdb";
$designDoc = new FileFolderDesignDocument($path);
/* @doc $couch CouchClient */
$docName = "myapp";
$couch->createDesignDoc($docName, $designDoc);

30. Query Views
<?php
/* @var $dm DocumentManager */
$query = $dm->createQuery("myapp", "username");
$result = $query->setStartKey("b")
->setEndKey("c")
->setLimit(10)
->setSkip(10)
->includeDocs(true)
->execute();
Using include docs creates PHP instances for you.

31. Lucene Queries
Support for the CouchDB Lucene extension:
<?php
$query = $dm->createLuceneQuery("lucenedoc", "users");
$result = $query->setQuery('"John Galt" OR "John Wayne"')
->setLimit(10)
->setSkip(10)
->includeDocs(true)
->execute();

32. MongoDB and Doctrine
Indexing and on the fly
queries
Very fast
In-Place Updates²
GridFS, Geolocation
Sharding
Doctrine MongoDB 1.0 Beta2

33. Complex Associations
<?php
class User
{
/**
* @ReferenceMany(
* targetDocument="Comment",
* mappedBy="blogPost",
* sort={"date"="desc"},
* limit=5)
*/
private $last5Comments;
}

34. Query API
<?php
$qb = $dm->createQueryBuilder('User')
->field('groups')
->all(array('Group 1', 'Group 2'))
->sort("username", "asc")
->limit(10)
->skip(10)
->execute();

35. Map/Reduce
<?php
$qb = $dm->createQueryBuilder('DocumentsUser')
->field('type')->equals('sale')
->map('function() { emit(this.user.$id, 1); }')
->reduce('function(k, vals) {
var sum = 0;
for (var i in vals) {
sum += vals[i];
}
return sum;
}');

36. Geospatial Queries
<?php
/** @Document @Index(keys={"coordinates"="2d"}) */
class City
{
/** @EmbedOne(targetDocument="Coordinates") */
public $coordinates;
/** @Distance */
public $distance;
}
class Coordinates
{
public $lat;
public $long;
}

37. Geospatial Queries 2
Execute a Geospatial query and find locations near a point:
<?php
/* @var $dm DocumentManager */
$cities = $dm->createQuery('City')
->field('coordinates')->near(50, 60)
->execute();

38. Eventual Migration
Handle simple and complex schema refactorings
<?php
class Person
{
public $id;
/** @AlsoLoad("name") */
public $fullName;
}

39. More of Doctrine MongoDB
Support for Trees
Support for Files in MongoGridFS
Capped Collections
Tailable Cursors

40. PHPCR ODM
PHP Content Repository Project
Port of the Java Content Repository API
PHP API for Apache Jackrabbit
Doctrine PHPCR ODMs creates objects from Content Repositories.

41. Object to XML Mapper
Convert objects to XML documents and back
<?php
$user = new User();
$user->setFirstName('John');
$user->setLastName('Doe');
$user->setAddress(new Address('123 Street', 'New Haven'));
$user->addContact(new CustomerContact('no@way.com'));
$xml = $marshaller->marshalToString($user);
$user = $marshaller->unmarshalFromString($xml);

42. Using Doctrine 2.0.x ORM?
Please checkout 2.1 BETA1
It is backwards compatible
You win a present if you can prove otherwise.

43. Thank you!
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