this PPT includes Definition Classification Of Truss Assumption Made In Analysis Methods Of Analysis Zero Force Member procedure for analysis trusses using method of joint, ,procedure of method of section , graphical method, SPPU, Savitribai Phule pune university.

1. Unit – 6
Trusses
Basavaraj S Tavade

2. Contents
Definition
Classification Of Truss
Assumption Made In Analysis
Methods Of Analysis
Zero Force Member

3. Definition:
“ Trusses are structures consisting of
straight slender rods connected only at the
their ends”
Classification Of Truss :
1) Perfect truss
2) Imperfect or Deficient truss
3) Redundant truss

4. 1) Perfect truss :
A Truss is said to be a perfect truss if it
satisfies the below equation,
m = 2j - R or m = 2j - 3
where, m – number of members
j – number of joints
R – number of reactions.
– This type of truss does not collapse under
loading.
– Examples of perfect trusses are shown in next
slide.

5. 1) Perfect truss :

6. 2) Imperfect or deficient truss :
A Truss is said to be a imperfect or
deficient truss if it has less member than the
required,
the equation for imperfect truss is as below
m < 2j - R or m < 2j - 3
where, m – number of members
j – number of joints
R – number of reactions.
– This type of truss collapse under loading / they
are not stable.
– Examples of imperfect or deficient truss is shown
in next slide.

7. Imperfect or deficient truss

8. 3) Redundant truss :
A Truss is said to be a Redundant truss if it
has more member than the required,
The equation for Redundant truss is as
below
m > 2j - R or m > 2j - 3
where, m – number of members
j – number of joints
R – number of reactions.
– This type of truss does not collapse under
loading.
– Examples of perfect trusses are shown in next
slide.

9. Redundant Truss

10. Assumption Made In Analysis
1. All members have negligible weight.
2. All members have uniform cross section.
3. Members are connected at the joints through
pin connections.
4. All the members have only axial force i.e.
either tensile or compressive.
5. All the external forces are applied only at the
joints.

11. Zero Force Member
“A zero force member is a member in truss which
carries zero force in it and it is provided for the
stability purpose.”
Rules for identifying the Zero Force member
1. If only two non-collinear members are connected
to a joint that has no external loads or reactions
applied to it, then the force in both members is
zero.

12. Zero Force Member
Rules for identifying the Zero Force member
2. If there are three members at a joint out of
which two are collinear and no external force
acts / applied on that joint, then the third non
collinear member is a zero force member.

13. Zero Force Member
Rules for identifying the Zero Force member
3. If there are only two members at a joint and
the external force is along one of the member,
then the other member is a zero force
member.

14. Methods Of Analysis
The analysis of perfect truss is carried out by three
different methods:
1. Method of joint
2. Method of section ( Method of moments )
3. Graphical method
– Method of joint is used to find forces in all members
of the truss.
– Method of Section is used to find forces in selected
members of the truss.

15. Methods Of Analysis
The procedure for method of joint is as follows
1. The support reactions of the truss are first calculated
using equations of equilibrium. i.e.
H=0, V=0 and M=0
2. Identify Zero force members by inspection.
3. Draw F.B.D of a joint where the maximum
unknowns are less than two.
4. Assume unknown forces in members to be tensile i.e.
directed away from the point.
5. Use H=0 and V=0 in F.B.D to find the two
unknowns.
6. Proceed to the next joint where again maximum
unknowns are less than two.

16. Methods Of Analysis
The procedure for method of section is as follows
1. The support reactions of the truss are first calculated
using equations of equilibrium. i.e.
H=0, V=0 and M=0
2. Identify Zero force members by inspection.
3. Take an imaginary cutting plane through the truss,
dividing it into two parts, such that it passes through
members in which forces are to be found.
4. The cutting plane should be taken in such a way that it
cuts a maximum of three members in which forces are
unknown, preferably.
5. Draw F.B.D of any one part of the truss assuming
tensile forces in members cut by the section.
6. Use H=0, V=0 and M=0 to find the three
unknowns.