Let's work towards a #SaferWorldbyDesign - Knowledge-integrated Toxicology and Safety Assessment, Barry Hardy, OpenTox Asia 2019, Hyderabad, India. To make a good decision we need to bring both expertise and relevant information together to form the basis for a structured well-informed discussion leading to best judgement based on available evidence and opinions formed on it. Such a knowledge integration is required in many areas of toxicology and safety assessment based on scientific knowledge generated by a growing number of alternative testing research methods and initiatives. Integration may include evidence from in vitro or in silico methods, biology or chemistry, science and engineering, human health or environment-oriented, and requires both effective organisation of knowledge and communications to reach common understandings.
The requirements, context and format for applications may vary e.g., asking and answering scientific questions, carrying out a risk assessment on products, or performing a regulatory decision or submission. All applications however require a sound reproducible scientific basis and the use of good practices in characterising experiments, organising data and describing concepts in our ontology and knowledge framework.
There is a growing opportunity to develop knowledge integration based on combining emerging concepts and frameworks e.g., OpenTox for data integration and resource interoperability, adverse outcome pathways for mapping data to events, evidence-based methods including systematic review applied to weight of evidence and read across methods for combining evidence from chemical or biological mechanistic categories.
We also need community frameworks to bring different disciplines together for fruitful interactions and discussions.
In this seminar we will review recent developments related to integrated testing and assessment including applications to chemicals, cosmetic ingredients and nanotechnology and including 3Rs goals of reducing and replacing animal testing.
Slides to be presented at a webinar arranged by Metasolution as part of a Vinnova project http://metasolutions.se/2014/03/webbinarium-med-kerstin-forsberg-om-lankade-data-i-lakemedelsforskningen/
The current paradigm in the pharmaceutical industry is that products can only be created and developed by massive collaborative teams. Each company has to build their own costly R&D platforms and IT infrastructure. Other research industries realized decades ago that they had to share data and methods because of cost. The pharmaceutical industry has been slow to realize this. Expanding beyond our recent book (Collaborative Computational Technologies for Biomedical Research) in which a growing number of technologies, consortia, precompetitive initiatives and complex collaboration networks are described, we suggest a more open drug discovery is being enabled by collaborative computational technologies. Academia however, is not training the next generation of scientists to practice open science or even collaborate, this represents challenges and opportunities. We will describe our observations and make recommendations that impact everyone from technology developers to granting agencies. This may enable future discoveries to be made outside traditional institutions.
Open PHACTS (Sept 2013) EBI Industry ProgrammeSciBite Limited
This is a talk i'm giving for the EBI's industry programme on 18th Sept. The slides are mostly what you may have seen before with a few new ones thrown in to not make it too boring! With grateful acknowledgment of all the folks in Open PHACTS who make this stuff happen.
Slides to be presented at a webinar arranged by Metasolution as part of a Vinnova project http://metasolutions.se/2014/03/webbinarium-med-kerstin-forsberg-om-lankade-data-i-lakemedelsforskningen/
The current paradigm in the pharmaceutical industry is that products can only be created and developed by massive collaborative teams. Each company has to build their own costly R&D platforms and IT infrastructure. Other research industries realized decades ago that they had to share data and methods because of cost. The pharmaceutical industry has been slow to realize this. Expanding beyond our recent book (Collaborative Computational Technologies for Biomedical Research) in which a growing number of technologies, consortia, precompetitive initiatives and complex collaboration networks are described, we suggest a more open drug discovery is being enabled by collaborative computational technologies. Academia however, is not training the next generation of scientists to practice open science or even collaborate, this represents challenges and opportunities. We will describe our observations and make recommendations that impact everyone from technology developers to granting agencies. This may enable future discoveries to be made outside traditional institutions.
Open PHACTS (Sept 2013) EBI Industry ProgrammeSciBite Limited
This is a talk i'm giving for the EBI's industry programme on 18th Sept. The slides are mostly what you may have seen before with a few new ones thrown in to not make it too boring! With grateful acknowledgment of all the folks in Open PHACTS who make this stuff happen.
OpenTox - an open community and framework supporting predictive toxicology an...Barry Hardy
Presented at ACS Boston 2015 at a Session on the growing impact of Open Science chaired by Andy Lang and Tony Williams dedicated to the work, memory and legacy of JC Bradley and the work we carry forward!
One important goal of OpenTox is to support the development of an Open Standards-based predictive toxicology framework that provides a unified access to toxicological data and models. OpenTox supports the development of tools for the integration of data, for the generation and validation of in silico models for toxic effects, libraries for the development and integration of modelling algorithms, and scientifically sound validation and reporting routines.
The OpenTox Application Programming Interface (API) is an important open standards development for software development purposes. It provides a specification against which development of global interoperable toxicology resources by the broader community can be carried out. The use of OpenTox API-compliant web services to communicate instructions between linked resources with URI addresses supports the use of a wide variety of commands to carry out operations such as data integration, algorithm use, model building and validation. The OpenTox Framework currently includes, with its APIs, services for compounds, datasets, features, algorithms, models, ontologies, tasks, validation, reporting, investigations, studies, assays, and authentication and authorisation, which may be combined into multiple applications satisfying a variety of different user needs. As OpenTox creates a semantic web for toxicology, it should be an ideal framework for incorporating toxicology data, ontology and modelling developments, thus supporting both a mechanistic framework for toxicology and best practices in statistical analysis and computational modelling.
In this presentation I will review the recent OpenTox-based development of applications including the ToxBank data infrastructure supporting integrated analysis across biochemical, functional and omics datasets supporting the safety assessment goals of the SEURAT-1 program which aims to develop alternatives to animal testing.
Finally, I will provide an overview of the working group activities of the newly formed OpenTox Association which aim to progress the development of open source, data, standards and tools in this area.
Abstract
Open source alternatives developed in science and applied in industry can help people and society to reduce costs and increase the basic level of living. I focus on four topics from science to society - pharmacy - computer – materials - societal. Open source has gained many advocates in most of these topics, while it is less developed in materials. To begin to develop open source agreements valid for Europe that cover as many social and industry sectors as possible will probably increase the competiveness of the European industry.
Better software, better service, better research: The Software Sustainabilit...Carole Goble
Ever spotted some great looking software only to discover you can’t get it, it doesn’t work, there is no documentation to help fix it and the developers don’t have the time or incentive to help? Ever produced some software that you want to be widely used or have folks contribute? What’s the sustainability of that key platform/library/tool /database your lab uses day in and day out? Are you helping the providers? The same issues stand for Data (or as we now say “FAIR” Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable Data) and its metadata. Is anyone looking out for Europe’s data services– the datasets and analysis systems you use and you make – the standards they use and the curators and developers who make them? Or is FAIR just a FAIRy story? I’ll tell how two organisations with quite different structures and approaches - the UK’s Software Sustainability Institute and the ELIXIR European Research Infrastructure for Life Science Data – are working for the common goal of better software, better service, and better research.
https://www.rothamsted.ac.uk/events/14th-international-symposium-integrative-bioinformatics
Winning ITNs with RRI - Relevant sources and further readingJobenco
Here is some more background on the notion of Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI), how it has been operationalised in Horizon 2020 and how it can be relevant for writing MSCA ITN proposals. We have included the academic and policy background and concrete sources/best practices to inspire others to take it up in their proposal.
VREs and Research Tools - supporting collaborative researchChristopher Brown
A summary of the Jisc funded VRE and Research Tools programmes and projects. Presented at the Jisc Regional Support Centre London webinar on 20 November, 2013 (http://jiscevents.force.com/E/EventsDetailPage?id=a06U000000Efx52IAB&srvc=JISC%20RSC%20London)
eNanoMapper - A Database and Ontology Framework for Nanomaterials Design and ...Barry Hardy
The eNanoMapper EU FP7 project is developing a data management and analysis infrastructure together with ontologies supporting the safety assessment activities of the European nanomaterials research and development community. The project addresses the requirements of safety assessment of nanomaterials by providing databases, analysis tools and ontologies for risk assessment and linking them with existing resources in this area.
The work involves close cooperation with the EC NanoSafety Cluster members and other international organisations such as the EC JRC, and the EU-US NanoEHS cooperation initiative. Their requirements guide the development of tools for experimental design, model building, systems biology, and meta analysis across multiple datasets.
An ontology for nanosafety research is being developed to provide the following features: annotation of nanostructures and relevant biological properties, annotation of experimental model systems (e.g. cell lines), conditions, and protocols, complex search and reasoning capabilities, and the integration of data from existing nanotoxicology sources.
Systematic physicochemical, geometrical, structural, and biological studies of nanomaterials are rare in the public domain and data sharing is only just commencing, given the absence of readily available solutions for that purpose. eNanomapper will address that issue, as the establishment of a universal standardisation schema and infrastructure for nanomaterials safety assessment is a key goal of the project. It will catalyze collaboration, integrated analysis, and discoveries from data organised within a knowledge-based framework. It will support the discovery of nanomaterial properties responsible for toxicity, the identification of toxicity pathways and nano-bio interactions from linked datasets, ontologies, omics data and external data sources.
By interfacing with statistical and data mining tools, eNanoMapper aims to provide scientifically sound guidelines for experimental design as well as computational models for predicting nanotoxicity. These computational models will help to design safe nanomaterials and improve the risk assessment of existing nanoparticles.
This presentation will provide an overview of the progress made in the initial 18 months of the project, including outlines of the initial development releases of the data platform and ontology.
PharmaLedger Press Release #2 June 2020 PharmaLedger
PharmaLedgers June 2020 press release covers the strong foundations in the project’s first year and how it set the stage for accelerated development and ecosystem engagement.
The press release also announces the establishment of PharmaLedger’s Advisory Board and the outlook for 2021.
—
This project has received funding from the Innovative Medicines Initiative 2 Joint Undertaking under grant agreement No 853992. This Joint Undertaking receives support from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme and EFPIA.
Disclaimer: Any information on this presentation solely reflects the author’s view and neither IMI nor the European Union or EFPIA are responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained herein.
Susanna Sansone's talk at the "Beyond Open" Knowledge Dialogues/Open Data Hong Kong event on research data, hosted at the Hong Kong Innocentre on Monday 20 November 2017.
Winning Marie Curie with Open Science 2018Ivo Grigorov
To support the announcement of the Marie Curie Individual Fellowships call, MCAA, EuroScientist and Horizon 2020 FOSTER+ are following up on the recent “Responsible Research & Innovation Check-Up” webinar with the Open Science CLINIQUE.
The slides offer a brief analysis of the Marie Curie Individual Fellowship proposal template, and maps all sections where Open Science can add a competitive edge to the proposal.
This presentation was provided by Violeta Ilik of Northwestern University during the NISO Virtual Conference held on Feb 15, 2017, entitled Institutional Repositories: Ensuring Yours is Populated, Useful and Thriving. The DOI for this presentation is http://dx.doi.org/10.18131/G3VP6R
Empowering ACOs: Leveraging Quality Management Tools for MIPS and BeyondHealth Catalyst
Join us as we delve into the crucial realm of quality reporting for MSSP (Medicare Shared Savings Program) Accountable Care Organizations (ACOs).
In this session, we will explore how a robust quality management solution can empower your organization to meet regulatory requirements and improve processes for MIPS reporting and internal quality programs. Learn how our MeasureAble application enables compliance and fosters continuous improvement.
CHAPTER 1 SEMESTER V - ROLE OF PEADIATRIC NURSE.pdfSachin Sharma
Pediatric nurses play a vital role in the health and well-being of children. Their responsibilities are wide-ranging, and their objectives can be categorized into several key areas:
1. Direct Patient Care:
Objective: Provide comprehensive and compassionate care to infants, children, and adolescents in various healthcare settings (hospitals, clinics, etc.).
This includes tasks like:
Monitoring vital signs and physical condition.
Administering medications and treatments.
Performing procedures as directed by doctors.
Assisting with daily living activities (bathing, feeding).
Providing emotional support and pain management.
2. Health Promotion and Education:
Objective: Promote healthy behaviors and educate children, families, and communities about preventive healthcare.
This includes tasks like:
Administering vaccinations.
Providing education on nutrition, hygiene, and development.
Offering breastfeeding and childbirth support.
Counseling families on safety and injury prevention.
3. Collaboration and Advocacy:
Objective: Collaborate effectively with doctors, social workers, therapists, and other healthcare professionals to ensure coordinated care for children.
Objective: Advocate for the rights and best interests of their patients, especially when children cannot speak for themselves.
This includes tasks like:
Communicating effectively with healthcare teams.
Identifying and addressing potential risks to child welfare.
Educating families about their child's condition and treatment options.
4. Professional Development and Research:
Objective: Stay up-to-date on the latest advancements in pediatric healthcare through continuing education and research.
Objective: Contribute to improving the quality of care for children by participating in research initiatives.
This includes tasks like:
Attending workshops and conferences on pediatric nursing.
Participating in clinical trials related to child health.
Implementing evidence-based practices into their daily routines.
By fulfilling these objectives, pediatric nurses play a crucial role in ensuring the optimal health and well-being of children throughout all stages of their development.
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OpenTox - an open community and framework supporting predictive toxicology an...Barry Hardy
Presented at ACS Boston 2015 at a Session on the growing impact of Open Science chaired by Andy Lang and Tony Williams dedicated to the work, memory and legacy of JC Bradley and the work we carry forward!
One important goal of OpenTox is to support the development of an Open Standards-based predictive toxicology framework that provides a unified access to toxicological data and models. OpenTox supports the development of tools for the integration of data, for the generation and validation of in silico models for toxic effects, libraries for the development and integration of modelling algorithms, and scientifically sound validation and reporting routines.
The OpenTox Application Programming Interface (API) is an important open standards development for software development purposes. It provides a specification against which development of global interoperable toxicology resources by the broader community can be carried out. The use of OpenTox API-compliant web services to communicate instructions between linked resources with URI addresses supports the use of a wide variety of commands to carry out operations such as data integration, algorithm use, model building and validation. The OpenTox Framework currently includes, with its APIs, services for compounds, datasets, features, algorithms, models, ontologies, tasks, validation, reporting, investigations, studies, assays, and authentication and authorisation, which may be combined into multiple applications satisfying a variety of different user needs. As OpenTox creates a semantic web for toxicology, it should be an ideal framework for incorporating toxicology data, ontology and modelling developments, thus supporting both a mechanistic framework for toxicology and best practices in statistical analysis and computational modelling.
In this presentation I will review the recent OpenTox-based development of applications including the ToxBank data infrastructure supporting integrated analysis across biochemical, functional and omics datasets supporting the safety assessment goals of the SEURAT-1 program which aims to develop alternatives to animal testing.
Finally, I will provide an overview of the working group activities of the newly formed OpenTox Association which aim to progress the development of open source, data, standards and tools in this area.
Abstract
Open source alternatives developed in science and applied in industry can help people and society to reduce costs and increase the basic level of living. I focus on four topics from science to society - pharmacy - computer – materials - societal. Open source has gained many advocates in most of these topics, while it is less developed in materials. To begin to develop open source agreements valid for Europe that cover as many social and industry sectors as possible will probably increase the competiveness of the European industry.
Better software, better service, better research: The Software Sustainabilit...Carole Goble
Ever spotted some great looking software only to discover you can’t get it, it doesn’t work, there is no documentation to help fix it and the developers don’t have the time or incentive to help? Ever produced some software that you want to be widely used or have folks contribute? What’s the sustainability of that key platform/library/tool /database your lab uses day in and day out? Are you helping the providers? The same issues stand for Data (or as we now say “FAIR” Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable Data) and its metadata. Is anyone looking out for Europe’s data services– the datasets and analysis systems you use and you make – the standards they use and the curators and developers who make them? Or is FAIR just a FAIRy story? I’ll tell how two organisations with quite different structures and approaches - the UK’s Software Sustainability Institute and the ELIXIR European Research Infrastructure for Life Science Data – are working for the common goal of better software, better service, and better research.
https://www.rothamsted.ac.uk/events/14th-international-symposium-integrative-bioinformatics
Winning ITNs with RRI - Relevant sources and further readingJobenco
Here is some more background on the notion of Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI), how it has been operationalised in Horizon 2020 and how it can be relevant for writing MSCA ITN proposals. We have included the academic and policy background and concrete sources/best practices to inspire others to take it up in their proposal.
VREs and Research Tools - supporting collaborative researchChristopher Brown
A summary of the Jisc funded VRE and Research Tools programmes and projects. Presented at the Jisc Regional Support Centre London webinar on 20 November, 2013 (http://jiscevents.force.com/E/EventsDetailPage?id=a06U000000Efx52IAB&srvc=JISC%20RSC%20London)
eNanoMapper - A Database and Ontology Framework for Nanomaterials Design and ...Barry Hardy
The eNanoMapper EU FP7 project is developing a data management and analysis infrastructure together with ontologies supporting the safety assessment activities of the European nanomaterials research and development community. The project addresses the requirements of safety assessment of nanomaterials by providing databases, analysis tools and ontologies for risk assessment and linking them with existing resources in this area.
The work involves close cooperation with the EC NanoSafety Cluster members and other international organisations such as the EC JRC, and the EU-US NanoEHS cooperation initiative. Their requirements guide the development of tools for experimental design, model building, systems biology, and meta analysis across multiple datasets.
An ontology for nanosafety research is being developed to provide the following features: annotation of nanostructures and relevant biological properties, annotation of experimental model systems (e.g. cell lines), conditions, and protocols, complex search and reasoning capabilities, and the integration of data from existing nanotoxicology sources.
Systematic physicochemical, geometrical, structural, and biological studies of nanomaterials are rare in the public domain and data sharing is only just commencing, given the absence of readily available solutions for that purpose. eNanomapper will address that issue, as the establishment of a universal standardisation schema and infrastructure for nanomaterials safety assessment is a key goal of the project. It will catalyze collaboration, integrated analysis, and discoveries from data organised within a knowledge-based framework. It will support the discovery of nanomaterial properties responsible for toxicity, the identification of toxicity pathways and nano-bio interactions from linked datasets, ontologies, omics data and external data sources.
By interfacing with statistical and data mining tools, eNanoMapper aims to provide scientifically sound guidelines for experimental design as well as computational models for predicting nanotoxicity. These computational models will help to design safe nanomaterials and improve the risk assessment of existing nanoparticles.
This presentation will provide an overview of the progress made in the initial 18 months of the project, including outlines of the initial development releases of the data platform and ontology.
PharmaLedger Press Release #2 June 2020 PharmaLedger
PharmaLedgers June 2020 press release covers the strong foundations in the project’s first year and how it set the stage for accelerated development and ecosystem engagement.
The press release also announces the establishment of PharmaLedger’s Advisory Board and the outlook for 2021.
—
This project has received funding from the Innovative Medicines Initiative 2 Joint Undertaking under grant agreement No 853992. This Joint Undertaking receives support from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme and EFPIA.
Disclaimer: Any information on this presentation solely reflects the author’s view and neither IMI nor the European Union or EFPIA are responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained herein.
Susanna Sansone's talk at the "Beyond Open" Knowledge Dialogues/Open Data Hong Kong event on research data, hosted at the Hong Kong Innocentre on Monday 20 November 2017.
Winning Marie Curie with Open Science 2018Ivo Grigorov
To support the announcement of the Marie Curie Individual Fellowships call, MCAA, EuroScientist and Horizon 2020 FOSTER+ are following up on the recent “Responsible Research & Innovation Check-Up” webinar with the Open Science CLINIQUE.
The slides offer a brief analysis of the Marie Curie Individual Fellowship proposal template, and maps all sections where Open Science can add a competitive edge to the proposal.
This presentation was provided by Violeta Ilik of Northwestern University during the NISO Virtual Conference held on Feb 15, 2017, entitled Institutional Repositories: Ensuring Yours is Populated, Useful and Thriving. The DOI for this presentation is http://dx.doi.org/10.18131/G3VP6R
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Empowering ACOs: Leveraging Quality Management Tools for MIPS and BeyondHealth Catalyst
Join us as we delve into the crucial realm of quality reporting for MSSP (Medicare Shared Savings Program) Accountable Care Organizations (ACOs).
In this session, we will explore how a robust quality management solution can empower your organization to meet regulatory requirements and improve processes for MIPS reporting and internal quality programs. Learn how our MeasureAble application enables compliance and fosters continuous improvement.
CHAPTER 1 SEMESTER V - ROLE OF PEADIATRIC NURSE.pdfSachin Sharma
Pediatric nurses play a vital role in the health and well-being of children. Their responsibilities are wide-ranging, and their objectives can be categorized into several key areas:
1. Direct Patient Care:
Objective: Provide comprehensive and compassionate care to infants, children, and adolescents in various healthcare settings (hospitals, clinics, etc.).
This includes tasks like:
Monitoring vital signs and physical condition.
Administering medications and treatments.
Performing procedures as directed by doctors.
Assisting with daily living activities (bathing, feeding).
Providing emotional support and pain management.
2. Health Promotion and Education:
Objective: Promote healthy behaviors and educate children, families, and communities about preventive healthcare.
This includes tasks like:
Administering vaccinations.
Providing education on nutrition, hygiene, and development.
Offering breastfeeding and childbirth support.
Counseling families on safety and injury prevention.
3. Collaboration and Advocacy:
Objective: Collaborate effectively with doctors, social workers, therapists, and other healthcare professionals to ensure coordinated care for children.
Objective: Advocate for the rights and best interests of their patients, especially when children cannot speak for themselves.
This includes tasks like:
Communicating effectively with healthcare teams.
Identifying and addressing potential risks to child welfare.
Educating families about their child's condition and treatment options.
4. Professional Development and Research:
Objective: Stay up-to-date on the latest advancements in pediatric healthcare through continuing education and research.
Objective: Contribute to improving the quality of care for children by participating in research initiatives.
This includes tasks like:
Attending workshops and conferences on pediatric nursing.
Participating in clinical trials related to child health.
Implementing evidence-based practices into their daily routines.
By fulfilling these objectives, pediatric nurses play a crucial role in ensuring the optimal health and well-being of children throughout all stages of their development.
The dimensions of healthcare quality refer to various attributes or aspects that define the standard of healthcare services. These dimensions are used to evaluate, measure, and improve the quality of care provided to patients. A comprehensive understanding of these dimensions ensures that healthcare systems can address various aspects of patient care effectively and holistically. Dimensions of Healthcare Quality and Performance of care include the following; Appropriateness, Availability, Competence, Continuity, Effectiveness, Efficiency, Efficacy, Prevention, Respect and Care, Safety as well as Timeliness.
CHAPTER 1 SEMESTER V PREVENTIVE-PEDIATRICS.pdfSachin Sharma
This content provides an overview of preventive pediatrics. It defines preventive pediatrics as preventing disease and promoting children's physical, mental, and social well-being to achieve positive health. It discusses antenatal, postnatal, and social preventive pediatrics. It also covers various child health programs like immunization, breastfeeding, ICDS, and the roles of organizations like WHO, UNICEF, and nurses in preventive pediatrics.
Explore our infographic on 'Essential Metrics for Palliative Care Management' which highlights key performance indicators crucial for enhancing the quality and efficiency of palliative care services.
This visual guide breaks down important metrics across four categories: Patient-Centered Metrics, Care Efficiency Metrics, Quality of Life Metrics, and Staff Metrics. Each section is designed to help healthcare professionals monitor and improve care delivery for patients facing serious illnesses. Understand how to implement these metrics in your palliative care practices for better outcomes and higher satisfaction levels.
CRISPR-Cas9, a revolutionary gene-editing tool, holds immense potential to reshape medicine, agriculture, and our understanding of life. But like any powerful tool, it comes with ethical considerations.
Unveiling CRISPR: This naturally occurring bacterial defense system (crRNA & Cas9 protein) fights viruses. Scientists repurposed it for precise gene editing (correction, deletion, insertion) by targeting specific DNA sequences.
The Promise: CRISPR offers exciting possibilities:
Gene Therapy: Correcting genetic diseases like cystic fibrosis.
Agriculture: Engineering crops resistant to pests and harsh environments.
Research: Studying gene function to unlock new knowledge.
The Peril: Ethical concerns demand attention:
Off-target Effects: Unintended DNA edits can have unforeseen consequences.
Eugenics: Misusing CRISPR for designer babies raises social and ethical questions.
Equity: High costs could limit access to this potentially life-saving technology.
The Path Forward: Responsible development is crucial:
International Collaboration: Clear guidelines are needed for research and human trials.
Public Education: Open discussions ensure informed decisions about CRISPR.
Prioritize Safety and Ethics: Safety and ethical principles must be paramount.
CRISPR offers a powerful tool for a better future, but responsible development and addressing ethical concerns are essential. By prioritizing safety, fostering open dialogue, and ensuring equitable access, we can harness CRISPR's power for the benefit of all. (2998 characters)
Navigating Challenges: Mental Health, Legislation, and the Prison System in B...Guillermo Rivera
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Defecation
Normal defecation begins with movement in the left colon, moving stool toward the anus. When stool reaches the rectum, the distention causes relaxation of the internal sphincter and an awareness of the need to defecate. At the time of defecation, the external sphincter relaxes, and abdominal muscles contract, increasing intrarectal pressure and forcing the stool out
The Valsalva maneuver exerts pressure to expel faeces through a voluntary contraction of the abdominal muscles while maintaining forced expiration against a closed airway. Patients with cardiovascular disease, glaucoma, increased intracranial pressure, or a new surgical wound are at greater risk for cardiac dysrhythmias and elevated blood pressure with the Valsalva maneuver and need to avoid straining to pass the stool.
Normal defecation is painless, resulting in passage of soft, formed stool
CONSTIPATION
Constipation is a symptom, not a disease. Improper diet, reduced fluid intake, lack of exercise, and certain medications can cause constipation. For example, patients receiving opiates for pain after surgery often require a stool softener or laxative to prevent constipation. The signs of constipation include infrequent bowel movements (less than every 3 days), difficulty passing stools, excessive straining, inability to defecate at will, and hard feaces
IMPACTION
Fecal impaction results from unrelieved constipation. It is a collection of hardened feces wedged in the rectum that a person cannot expel. In cases of severe impaction the mass extends up into the sigmoid colon.
DIARRHEA
Diarrhea is an increase in the number of stools and the passage of liquid, unformed feces. It is associated with disorders affecting digestion, absorption, and secretion in the GI tract. Intestinal contents pass through the small and large intestine too quickly to allow for the usual absorption of fluid and nutrients. Irritation within the colon results in increased mucus secretion. As a result, feces become watery, and the patient is unable to control the urge to defecate. Normally an anal bag is safe and effective in long-term treatment of patients with fecal incontinence at home, in hospice, or in the hospital. Fecal incontinence is expensive and a potentially dangerous condition in terms of contamination and risk of skin ulceration
HEMORRHOIDS
Hemorrhoids are dilated, engorged veins in the lining of the rectum. They are either external or internal.
FLATULENCE
As gas accumulates in the lumen of the intestines, the bowel wall stretches and distends (flatulence). It is a common cause of abdominal fullness, pain, and cramping. Normally intestinal gas escapes through the mouth (belching) or the anus (passing of flatus)
FECAL INCONTINENCE
Fecal incontinence is the inability to control passage of feces and gas from the anus. Incontinence harms a patient’s body image
PREPARATION AND GIVING OF LAXATIVESACCORDING TO POTTER AND PERRY,
An enema is the instillation of a solution into the rectum and sig
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Alongside the 77th World Health Assembly in Geneva on 28 May 2024, we launched the second version of our Index, allowing us to track progress and give new insights into what needs to be done to keep populations healthier for longer.
The speakers included:
Professor Orazio Schillaci, Minister of Health, Italy
Dr Hans Groth, Chairman of the Board, World Demographic & Ageing Forum
Professor Ilona Kickbusch, Founder and Chair, Global Health Centre, Geneva Graduate Institute and co-chair, World Health Summit Council
Dr Natasha Azzopardi Muscat, Director, Country Health Policies and Systems Division, World Health Organisation EURO
Dr Marta Lomazzi, Executive Manager, World Federation of Public Health Associations
Dr Shyam Bishen, Head, Centre for Health and Healthcare and Member of the Executive Committee, World Economic Forum
Dr Karin Tegmark Wisell, Director General, Public Health Agency of Sweden
Deep Leg Vein Thrombosis (DVT): Meaning, Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, and Mor...The Lifesciences Magazine
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Pubrica’s team of researchers and writers create scientific and medical research articles, which may be important resources for authors and practitioners. Pubrica medical writers assist you in creating and revising the introduction by alerting the reader to gaps in the chosen study subject. Our professionals understand the order in which the hypothesis topic is followed by the broad subject, the issue, and the backdrop.
https://pubrica.com/academy/case-study-or-series/how-many-patients-does-case-series-should-have-in-comparison-to-case-reports/
Let's work towards a #SaferWorldbyDesign - Knowledge-integrated Toxicology and Safety Assessment
1. Barry Hardy, President, OpenTox Association
and CEO, Edelweiss Connect GmbH. and Inc. (formerly Douglas
Connect GmbH.)
2 March, 2019
OpenTox Asia 2019
CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad
Knowledge-integrated Toxicology
and Safety Assessment
3. or not … you need to understand the local context .. and
yourself and your behaviour
4. The Caprivi Delta Project
https://barryhardy.blogs.com/theferryman/2009/02/experiences-from-expedition-work-in-the-caprivi-delta.html
5. The Tamboti Tree Case
https://barryhardy.blogs.com/theferryman/2011/03/the-tamboti-tree-use-case-bioclipse-meets-opentox.html
6. Bioclipse-OpenTox Integration – See Application example in Chapter in Open Source Software in Life Science
Research: Practical Solutions to Common Challenges in the Pharmaceutical Industry and Beyond
(Woodhead Publishing Series in Biomedicine) edited by Lee Harland and Mark Forster (30 Oct 2012)
Bioclipse – OpenTox Drug Design Workbench
8. Collaborative development of predictive toxicology applications
Journal of Cheminformatics 2010, 2:7 doi:10.1186/1758-2946-2-7
Barry Hardy, Nicki Douglas, Christoph Helma, Micha Rautenberg,
Nina Jeliazkova, Vedrin Jeliazkov, Ivelina Nikolova, Romualdo Benigni, OlgaTcheremenskaia, Stefan
Kramer, Tobias Girschick, Fabian Buchwald,
Joerg Wicker, Andreas Karwath, Martin Gutlein, Andreas Maunz,
Haralambos Sarimveis, Georgia Melagraki, Antreas Afantitis, Pantelis Sopasakis, David Gallagher,
Vladimir Poroikov, Dmitry Filimonov, Alexey Zakharov,
Alexey Lagunin, Tatyana Gloriozova, Sergey Novikov, Natalia Skvortsova, Dmitry Druzhilovsky, Sunil
Chawla, Indira Ghosh, Surajit Ray, Hitesh Patel and Sylvia Escher
Open Access publication available at
www.jcheminf.com/content/2/1/7
Proposed the components and specifications for predictive toxicology.
The OpenTox Framework (reported 2010)
9. OpenTox and Open Components and Standards
Feature
GET
POST
PUT
DELETE
Compound
GET
POST
PUT
DELETE
Dataset
GET
POST
PUT
DELETE
Ontology
GET
POST
PUT
DELETE
Algorithm
GET
POST
PUT
DELETE
Model
GET
POST
PUT
DELETE
AppDomain
GET
POST
PUT
DELETE
Validation
GET
POST
PUT
DELETE
Report
GET
POST
PUT
DELETE
www.jcheminf.com/content/2/1/7
Investigation
(Study, Assay)
GET
POST
PUT
DELETE
<- ToxBank API addition to cover biological data
Authorisation &
Authentication
GET
POST
PUT
DELETE
10. Consensus on need for Common Language and Ontology
• See perspectives and roadmap published in A Toxicology Ontology
Roadmap ALTEX 29(2), 129- 137 and Toxicology Ontology
Perspectives 139 - 156 (2012)
• Available online in Open Access mode from www.altex.ch
• Barry Hardy (Douglas Connect and OpenTox), Gordana Apic
(Cambridge Cell Networks), Philip Carthew (Unilever), Dominic Clark
(EMBL-EBI), David Cook (AstraZeneca), Ian Dix (AstraZeneca &
Pistoia Alliance), Sylvia Escher (Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology
& Experimental Medicine), Janna Hastings (EMBL-EBI), David J.
Heard (Novartis), Nina Jeliazkova (Ideaconsult), Philip Judson (Lhasa
Ltd.), Sherri Matis-Mitchell (AstraZeneca), Dragana Mitic
(Cambridge Cell Networks), Glenn Myatt (Leadscope), Imran Shah
(US EPA), Ola Spjuth (University of Uppsala), Olga Tcheremenskaia
(Istituto Superiore di Sanità), Luca Toldo (Merck KGaA), David
Watson (Lhasa Ltd.), Andrew White (Unilever), Chihae Yang
(Altamira)
Based on Proceedings from the Toxicology Ontology Roadmap Workshop
EMBL-EBI Industry Programme Workshop
16 -17th November 2010, Hinxton, UK
19. Upload your data from a CSV file
https://csvtoapi.edelweiss.douglasconnect.com/
20. Annotate your data from the CSV file
https://csvtoapi.edelweiss.douglasconnect.com/
21. Publish your Data to a Workflow (through an automatically
created API)
https://csvtoapi.edelweiss.douglasconnect.com/
22. EUToxRisk case study program
Training Testing / Application
Cmpd X is part of a group of cmpds
with similar MoA/shared KE
CmpdXispartofagroupof
cmpdswithsimilarstructure
Cases of initial information
AO blinded (test)
AO unknown (real)
Case 3
(biol RAX)
grouping &
prediction
algorithms
Hazardprediction
Riskassessment
RAX
ab initio
procedure
optimisationcycles
Case 2
(QSAR)
Case 1
Case 4
(ab initio)
Project
case
studies
mechanistic
rationale
Case 1
‚Case 2‘
Case 3
Case 4
(ab initio)
Case 3 Case 4
(ab initio)
NoYES
Case 1 Case 2
YESNo
Project industry
use case studies
• Four different case study scenarios based on available information.
• Iterative approach to optimize test system selection & IATA
development.
25. Garuda and Edelweiss Connect share the same vision:
A community-driven, connected platform providing databases,
novel algorithms, software and services improving the work of researchers
www.edelweissconnect.com/portfolio/opentox-gadget-garuda
OpenTox - Garuda Application Development
28. Associated Partner Programme
● The Programme aims at strengthening the working ties between the OpenRiskNet
Consortium members and other organisations within relevant scientific and
technology communities.
● Any organisation such as a university, institute, consortium, non-governmental
organisations (NGOs), as well as small and medium enterprises (SMEs) or large
commercial companies can become an Associate Partner of OpenRiskNet.
● Types of users:
○ Service providers - integrate their databases and software tools into the
OpenRiskNet infrastructure
○ Early adopters - use the infrastructure for their predictive toxicology and risk
assessment tasks
○ Technology partners - develop services and tools on which the OpenRiskNet e-
infrastructure will be based
https://openrisknet.org/associated-partner-programme/
30. OpenRiskNet Case studies
● DataCure - Data curation and creation of pre-
reasoned datasets and searching
● ModelRX - Modelling for Prediction or Read
Across
● SysGroup - A systems biology approach for
grouping compounds
● MetaP - Metabolism Prediction
● AOPLink - Identification and Linking of Data
related to AOPWiki
● TGX - Toxicogenomics-based prediction and
mechanism identification
● RevK - Reverse dosimetry and PBPK prediction
https://openrisknet.org/development/case-studies/
31. NanoCommons – development of a Community-based
NanoSafety Knowledge Research Infrastructure
NanoCommons
32.
33. NanoCommons Knowledge Hub
1. Ingest data from nanosafety labs
2. Act as a data warehouse, storing all ingested data
3. Apply internal QA, reformatting and homogenisation
4. Develop concepts for data curation
5. Integrate related datasets (for using common or
reference NMs)
6. Apply automated annotation pipelines
7. Provide data access via a variety of mechanisms
8. Specifically feed the needs of stakeholders and Users
developing new analytical modules
9. Assimilate & disseminate results back to the
community
10. Maintain provenance and links at all stages
43. Conversation with Weida Tong (FDA) at SOT 2017 on reproducibility
…
… leading to a ToxHQ
collaboration project
we discussed at the
Global Summit on
Regulatory Science in
Brasilia
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/towards-reproducible-silico-practice-via-opentox-barry-hardy
44. What is Reproducibility?
Reproducibility is the ability of an entire
analysis of an experiment or study to be
duplicated, either by the same researcher or
by someone else working independently,
whereas reproducing an experiment is called
replicating it. Reproducibility and replicability
together are among the main principles of
the scientific method.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reproducibility
46. SaferSkinTM on the Blockchain – a Trusted Reproducible
Integrated Testing Strategy for Skin Sensitization
Advances in Computational Toxicology: Methodologies and Applications in Regulatory Science, editor
Huixiao Hong (US FDA) available August 2019
https://www.amazon.com/Advances-Computational-Toxicology-Methodologies-
Applications/dp/303016442X/ref=sr_1_fkmrnull_2?keywords=huixiao+hong&qid=1551303509&s=gateway&sr=8-2-fkmrnull
49. INTERVALS: Scientific data transparency applied to Industry
Aim: establish a community and a public repository for 21st
-
century preclinical and clinical (systems) inhalation toxicology
assessment data and results that supports open data principles.
Publications
Reports
Protocols Data
Educatio
n
Peer review Community
www.intervals.science
Boué S, Exner T, Ghosh S et al. Supporting evidence-
based analysis for modified risk tobacco products through
a toxicology data-sharing infrastructure [version 2;
referees: 2 approved] F1000Research 2017, 6:12 (doi:
10.12688/f1000research.10493.2)
www.intervals.science
50. INTERVALS: a scientific platform to share protocols,
results, data, and investigate diseases and pathways
www.intervals.science