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Bird flu build up
1. Bird Flu Build Up
Pre-Reading Activities
A: Talking And Thinking
Answer these questions in pairs.
1. In the first part of the twentieth century (1900-1920) one event caused the deaths of
20-40 million people worldwide. Do you know what it was?
2. What do you know about this event? Were any of your family (grandparents, great-
grandparents, etc.) affected by it?
3. What do you know about the 'bird flu'? Share your ideas with your partner.
B: Find Your Other Half
Your teacher is going to give you some background information on part of today's topic.
You will be given a piece of paper with half a sentence with some information about the
topic. Your part of the sentence may have a word or words that you do not know the
meaning of. Use your dictionary if you need to. Make sure you understand your part of
the sentence as you may be asked to explain it later!
Someone else in the class has the other half of your sentence. Memorize your sentence
half and then put the paper away. When your teacher gives a signal, stand up and mingle
with other students. Tell other students your sentence half and listen to theirs. Try to find
the person who has the other half of your sentence.
When you find your partner, sit down with your partner and talk about what your
sentence teaches you about the topic. When everyone in the class has found their partner,
pairs of students should stand up and say their sentence. Take turns doing this until
everyone in the class has said their sentence.
Reading Activities
A: Understanding The Main Idea
Read Part One of Article One and decide which of the following is the main idea:
1. H5N1 may start the next worldwide flu pandemic.
2. The human strain of H5N1 is showing resistance to Tamiflu.
3. Relenza may be a good alternative to Tamiflu.
4. Drug manufacturers need to make other varieties of Relenza.
6. B: Language
Part One: Read these sentences from Article Two.
"Although more in-depth research needs to be done, Osterhaus believes it was transmitted
by migratory birds to domestic poultry and then 'heated up' or mutated and spread from
flock to flock."
Although links two clauses to make one sentence and contrast two ideas. It is put at the
beginning of the less important clause with the most important clause in the other part of
the sentence. It is followed by a subject and a verb.
Here are the ideas that were linked in the sentence above.
More in-depth research needs to be done (into how the avian virus originated).
Osterhaus believes the avian virus was transmitted by migratory birds to domestic
poultry...
In the sentences below, the words have been jumbled up. Put them into the correct order
to make sentences about the bird flu.
1. develop a vaccine/ studying the / they have not yet / to fight it. / Although scientists are
/ bird flu / intensively, / been able to
2. Although scientists have / has been done / of the threat / international scientific
cooperation. / of a global / been warning people / pandemic, / not enough / to develop
systems of
3. worldwide could help / control the spread of / because of the / this move is unlikely to /
cost involved. / be supported by / most countries / Although tracking the movements of
animals / different diseases,
4. will happen. / there is a chance / avian flu has not / Although the / combined with
human flu yet, / that this
Part Two: Now complete these sentences about influenza with your own ideas.
5. Although the doctor told me to get plenty of rest when I had flu last year, I...(you
complete the sentence.)
6. Although flu vaccines are offered to the elderly in my country,...
7. Although flu is highly contagious,...
8. Although people are worried about the bird flu in my country,...
7. TEACHERS' NOTES AND ANSWER KEY
Please Note: This lesson has 3 linked reading and grammar activities for your students to do online at
http://www.instantworkbook.com. To view the exercises, click on the blue icon next to this lesson
description in the teachers' room.
Pre-Reading Activities
A: Talking And Thinking - Notes
1. Students may incorrectly answer ' World War 1'. However, this war killed around 10 million people.
This question introduces students to the topic of contagious diseases and their effect globally.
2. One Internet site with useful information on this topic is:
http://www.stanford.edu/group/virus/uda/
A: Talking And Thinking - Answers
1. The influenza pandemic of 1918-1919, which occurred in the aftermath of World War 1. (Figures vary
but estimates say that over 20 million people lost their lives in this epidemic.)
2. Answers will vary.
B: Find Your Other Half - Notes
Cut up and separate the sentences below. If you have fourteen students, give one half to each student. If
you have fewer students than this, you may remove one of the sentences and not use it. If you have an odd
number of students, you can take one of the halves yourself.
(If you need more sentences because you have more than fourteen students in your class, here are two
extras: Children are most vulnerable to the flu,... / ...but the elderly and people with lung disease are also
more at risk. / Flu viruses change each year and are often transmitted by people... / ...in places like offices,
schools and other meeting places.)
Mix the sentence halves up and then give them out with each student getting either the beginning or ending
of a sentence. Encourage them to use their dictionaries to find the meanings of unknown words as some of
these words are repeated in today's article.
Students mingle and say their sentence halves aloud to each other and find the person who has the other
half of their sentence. (They walk around and talk to other students to find out what information they have.)
They are not allowed to read them out but must have learned them off by heart. You may like to set a time
limit or allow the activity to continue until everyone has found their partner. Then students stand up in their
pairs and say their sentence to the class. Make sure each student speaks clearly and loudly so that everyone
can hear. (The sentences do not have to be said in any particular order.)
If there are any sentences that were not used from the mingling part, you could read them aloud yourself at
this stage, or ask volunteers to do it.
Alternative activity: This can be a pairwork activity with each pair getting a complete set of sentences and
then trying to match each beginning with the correct ending.
B: Find Your Other Half - Sentence Halves To Be Cut Up And Given To
Students
Influenza, also known as 'flu', is...
... a viral infection that is extremely easy to catch.
Influenza affects the respiratory system and...
8. ...is transmitted by sneezes and coughs.
A person suffering from influenza may experience symptoms such as...
...muscle aches, headache and eye pain, a dry cough, fever and weakness.
People with influenza may have to go to bed for...
...three to five days but then recover within one or two weeks.
Some people experience secondary bacterial infections...
...or pneumonia after having influenza.
Epidemics can occur when an existing strain of the influenza virus...
...mutates and develops against which people have no immunity.
Vaccines can be developed to fight new...
...strains of influenza, but this takes time and money.
B: Find Your Other Half - Answers
Influenza, also known as 'flu', is a viral infection which is extremely easy to catch.
Influenza affects the respiratory system and is transmitted by sneezes and coughs.
A person suffering from influenza may experience symptoms such as muscle aches, headache and eye pain,
a dry cough, fever and weakness.
People with influenza may have to go to bed for three to five days but then recover within one or two
weeks.
Some people experience secondary bacterial infections or pneumonia after having influenza.
Epidemics can occur when an existing strain of the influenza virus mutates and develops against which
people have no immunity.
Vaccines can be developed to fight new strains of influenza, but this takes time and money.
Reading Activities
A: Understanding The Main Idea - Answer
Idea 2. (The others are all supporting ideas.)
B: Vocabulary Hunt - Answers
1. intravenously, 2. orally, 3. critical 4. absorption, 5. mutates, 6. exceeded.
C: Reading And Matching - Answers
1. d, 2. b, 3. c, 4. e, 5. a, 6. f.
D: Complete The Summary - Answers
1. The World Health Organization, 2. governments, 3. Osterhaus, 4. pandemic, 5. influenza, 6. dangers, 7.
avian, 8. unlikely.
9. D: True Or False - Answers
1. T; 2. T; 3. F (Killed hundreds of people.); 4. T.
Post-Reading Activities
A: Test Your Memory - Answers
Influenza, also known as 'flu', is a viral infection which is extremely easy to catch. Influenza affects the
respiratory system and is transmitted by sneezes and coughs.
A person suffering from influenza may experience symptoms such as muscle aches, headache and eye pain,
a dry cough, fever and weakness.
People with influenza may have to go to bed for three to five days but then recover within one or two
weeks. Some people experience secondary bacterial infections or pneumonia after having influenza.
Epidemics can occur when an existing strain of the influenza virus mutates and develops against which
people have no immunity.
Vaccines can be developed to fight new strains of influenza, but this takes time and money.
B: Language - Notes
Part One: Students may find this quite challenging, so you could make it a pair activity.
Part Two: Check sentences for meaning and grammatical accuracy or ask students to self-edit in pairs, with
you highlighting the errors, and pairs then working to try to correct the errors.
B: Language - Answers
Part One
1. Although scientists are studying the bird flu intensively, they have not yet been able to develop a vaccine
to fight it.
2. Although scientists have been warning people of the threat of a global pandemic, not enough has been
done to develop systems of international scientific cooperation.
3. Although tracking the movements of animals worldwide could help control the spread of different
diseases, this move is unlikely to be supported by most countries because of the cost involved.
4. Although the avian flu has not combined with human flu yet, there is a chance that this will happen.
Part Two (Sample Answers only)
5. Although the doctor told me to get plenty of rest when I had flu last year, I ignored her advice and then
had to go to bed for several weeks.
6. Although flu vaccines are offered to the elderly in my country, my mother refuses to have one as she
doesn't believe that they work.
7. Although flu is highly contagious, many people with influenza do not worry about this, and do not
isolate themselves from others until they have recovered.
8. Although people are worried about the bird flu in my country, chicken meat is still available in
supermarkets and shops.