1. cspfa0hvnfvnf
xGef;ausmf tdyf,mrSEdl;awmh wpftdrfvHk;wdwfqdwfNidrfoufvsuf&Sdonf/ olonf tdyf,mrSEdl;Edl;Ncif;
a&csdK;vdkufvsifaumif;rnf[kawG;um tusÐudkcRwf? obufwpfxnfudk ykcHk;ay: wifítdyfcef;xJrSxGufcJhavonf/
a&csdK;cef;odkhoGm;&ef rD;zdkaqmifxJrSNzwftxGufwGif xGef;ausmf rD;zdkaqmifxJodkh a0humBunfhvdkufaomfvnf;
rnfolhudkrQrawGh&/ at;at;aq;aq;yif a&csdk;cef; okdh0ifum a&udkwpf0BuD;csdK;vdkufonf/
a&csdK;NyD;aemuf xGef;ausmf onf olhtdyfcef;xJodkhNyef0ifum t0wftpm;vJvdkufonf/ NyD;awmh ol'Dtdrfudka&mufwkdif;
vkyfaeusNzpfonfh xrif;pm;cef;qDodkhxGufvmcJhonf/ rnfolhudkrQrawGh&ayr,fh oltwGuf pm;p&mwpfckckawmh
pDpOfxm;NrJNzpfonf/
ol xrif;pm;cef;twGif;odkhvSrf;t0ifvdkufwGif xrif;pm; pm;yJGab;wGif&yfaeaom vSvSrGef u xGef;ausmf
0ifvm&mzufodkh vSnfhBunfhum olhudkNyHk;Nyvdkufonf/ NyD;awmh olrrsufESmav;onf
wpfzufokdhNyefvSnfhumoGm;avonf/
xGef;ausmf udkaemufausmay;um &yfaeaom vSvSrGef aemufausmNyiftvSonf eHuftdyf,mrSEld;p
vef;qef;umaeaom olhaoG;om;rsm;udk oGufvufpGmvIyf&Sm;aponf/ xGef;ausmf onf olraemufzuf(4)(5)
aytuGmodkh ta&mufwGif a&ShqufroGm;awmhbJ vSvSrGef aemufausmtvSudkom pl;pl;epfepf
ai;umBunfhaeavonf/
ausmvnfavmuf&Sdvdrfhrnf[kxif&aom qHyifav;rsm;udk vSvSrGef onf t&if;rSqHnSyfNzifh pkumpnf;xm;avonf/
xdkhaBumifh azG;umEkaeaom *kwfydk;avonf qHEG,fpav;rsm;Nzifh rcsifhr&JNzpfp&maumif;avmufatmifvSaeavonf/
xdkhNyifvnf; olr0wfxm;aom eufNyma&mif tusÐvufNywf wpfzufwpfcsuf&Sd vufayguftem;pav;rsm;qDrS
olrykcHk;om;ESpfzufonf 0if;0gum NynfhNynfhazgif;azgif;av;Nzpfaeonf/ ykcHk;pGef;qDrSonf
tdtdazgif;azgif;av;Nzpfum oG,fqif;oGm;aomolr 0if;0gaomvufarmif;om;rsm;ay: wGifvdrf;xm;aom
oeyfcg; tpif;av;awGrSm wpf0ufwpfysufay: vGifaeonf/
wpfxGmrQavmufom&SdvdrfhrnfNzpfaom vSvSrGef cg;ao;ao;av;onf EJGhaESmif;íaeNyD; tNym&ifha&mifatmifcHay:
wGif t0gESifhtpdrf;Eka&miftyGifhpufav;rsm;yHkaz: xom;aomxrDav;atmufrS azgif;wif;íaeaom
olrwifyg;om;BuD;rsm;rSm vHk;wpfvSyvGef;avonf/ xGef;ausmf onf cyfNrSif;NrSif;av;oufysif;csvdkufavonf/
ol&yfumBunfhaeonfudk vSvSrGef onfrodyJaernfr[kwf? okdhaomf rodcsifa,mifaqmifumaeNcif;Nzpfrnf[k
xGef;ausmf awG;vkdufonf/
xGef;ausmf onf vSvSrGef aemufzufqDodkh aNcvSrf;ESpfvSrf;cefhtomvSrf;vdkufonf/ vSvSrGef qDrSysHhvTifhvmaom
arT;&ehHrsm;onf olb0ifudk qJGvIyfouJodkh&Sdaeavonf/ xGef;ausmf onf vSvSrGef aemufzufodkh ydkrdkum
wdk;uyfvdkufavonf/ xdkhaBumifh xGef;ausmf qD;pyfESifh wif;um;aeaom vSvSrGef zifom;BuD;wdkhrSm
wpfckESifhwpfck xdvkrcef; eD;uyfoGm;acsavNyD/
NyLwif;aygufrS wkd;a0ShNzwfoef;vmaom avNynfavat;av;onf xrif;pm;cef;qDodkhNzwfoef;í0ifa&mufvmonf/
vSvSrGef Eknufum0if;aeaom *kwfom;av;ay: rS wGefhwGefhacGacGav;Nzpfaeaom qHEG,frsm;onf
b,fnm,drf;xdk;ívl;vdrfhumoGm;Buonf/
xGef;ausmf vufESpfzufonf aNrmufumwufvmNyD; tdazgif;umaeaom vSvSrGef ykcHk;pGef;ESpfzufudk r&Jw&J ESifh
aoG;wkd;prf;ovdk zGzGav;qkyfudkifvdkufavonf/ xdktcsdefav;rSmyif vSvSrGef onf olrcg;av;udk tenf;i,f
nTwfvdkufNyD; a&Shpm;yJGay: rSaumfzDu&m;udk vSrf;,lvdkufaomtcgwGif olr vkH;vHk;wpfwpf zifom;BuD;rsm;onf
xGef;ausmf aygif&if;*GqHkudkNzwfueJzduyfrdavonf/
NyD;aemuf aumfzDu&m; vufwGif;okdha&mufonfESifh olrcg;udkNyefqefhvkduf&m vSvSrGef wifom;BuD;rsm;ESifh

2. xGef;ausmf aygif&if;okdhonf cPrQuif;uGmawmhrvdkNzpfoGm;aomfvnf; xGef;ausmf cg;u
tomaumhumvdkufoGm;oNzifh apmapmuvdkyif zduyfaeonfhtaetxm;twdkif; rysufr,Gif;&Sdaeavonf/
vSvSrGef onf vufxJwGifudkifxm;aom aumfzDu&m;xJ&Sd aumfzDrsm;udk pm;yJGay: wGif&Sdaom aumfzDyef;uefxJodkh
xnfhvdkufonf/ u&m; udkukdifxm;aom vSvSrGef vufrsm;onfwkef,ifvsuf/ xGef;ausmf ESmacgif;aygufrS
&I;ueJ&I;ueJ xGufvmaom avrsm; onf vSvSrGef *kwfom;EkEkav;ay: odkh vmí xdaeBuonf/ NyD;awmh
oHacsmif;wpfacsmif;uJhodkh rmawmifaeNyDNzpfaom aygifBum;rS olhvD;wefBuD; u ykqdk;wGif;rSaeNyD;
vHk;wpfumazgif;BuGaeaom vSvSrGef zifom;BuD;rsm;udk zduyfxdaeNyDNzpfonf/
udkxGef;ausmf ... aumfzDaomufawmhav ..
vSvSrGef onf toHudkxdef;NyD;aNymaomfvnf; cyfwdk;wdk;av;aNymvdkufaom olrtoHav;tqHk;wGifvIyfcg
íaeonf/ xdkokdhaNym&if; vSvSrGef onf olrudk,fudk NzwfueJvSnfhvdkuf&m xGef;ausmf
&ifcGiftwGif;odkhvHk;vHk;vsm;vsm; a&muf&SdoGm;avonf/ olhudkol owdrxm;rdvdkufpOfrSmyif xGef;ausmf onf
vSvSrGef yg;azgif;azgif;av;udk &TwfueJaeatmiferf;vdkufonf/
tdk .. udkxGef;ausmf ..
vSvSrGef onf wkefvIyfpGma&&Gwfvdkuf&if; olr udk,fvHk;av;udk vl;vl;vGefhvGefh wdk;xGufvdkufaomtcg xGef;ausmf
vufESpfzufuvnf; olrudkvTwfay;vdkufrdavonf/ xGef;ausmf &ifcGiftwGif;rS vGwfaNrmufoGm;onfESifh
NrD;aumifaygufrav;ozG,f taNy;wpfydkif;NzifhxGufoGm;aom vSvSrGef wkefcg íoGm;Buaom
wifom;qdkifBuD;awGudk rsufpduRwfusrwwf Bunfh&if; xGef;ausmf onf ukvm;xdkifwGif0ifxdkifum oufNyif;tcgcg
csaerdawmhonf/
vSvSrGef onf touf(22)SESpfrQom&Sdao;onf/ NyD;awmh xGef;ausmf q&mOD;armifBuD;
'kwd,ZeD;vnf;Nzpfonf/ OD;armifBuD; yxrZeD; a':aiGodef; rSmvGefcJhaom (3)ESpfcefhuyif
uG,fvGefoGm;cJhNyDNzpfonf/ OD;armifBuD; onf opfukefonf olaX;BuD;wpfa,mufNzpfNyD;
touf(55)ESpfcefh&SdNyDNzpfonf/ a':aiGodef; ESifh arG;zGg;cJhaom orD;wpfa,muf? om;wpfa,muf &SdNyD; orDBuD;Nzpfol
cifcifpdef onf touf(33) ESpfcefh&Sd tysdKBuD;NzpfNyD;? ausmif;q&mr tvkyf vkyfum
zcifNzpfoltdrfwGiftwlaeavonf/ om;Nzpfol cifaZmf onf touf(29) ESpfcefh&Sd tdrfaxmifonf NzpfNyD;
tdrfcJGumaeonf/
xGef;ausmf onf vGefcJhaom (10)ESpfcefhu OD;armifBuD; opfpufwGif opfpufpma&; 0ifvkyfcJh&mrS ,cktcgqdkvQif
OD;armifBuD; ukd,fpm;vS,ftNzpfokdh a&muf&Sdvmonf txd,HkBunfudk;pm; wm0efay;tyfNcif; cHae&NyDNzpfonf/
aNym&rnfqdkvQif xGef;ausmf tvkyf0ifNyD; odyfrBumrDwGif OD;armifBuD; pD;yGg;wufcJhNcif;Nzpfonf/ xGef;ausmf onf
yg;&nfeyf&nfvnf;&Sd? pm&if;Z,m;vnf;Edlif? qufqHa&;vnf;aumif;oNzifh OD;armifBuD; tzdkhrSmum;
ukd,fyGg;wpfa,muf&ouJodkhNzpfum wpfa,muftm;rSonf ESpfa,muftm;Nzpfvsuf olvkyfief;rsm;
ydkrdkoGufvufatmifNrifvmcJhNcif;Nzpfonf/
,cktcsdefqdkvQif vkyfief;BuD;wpfckvHk;udk xGef;ausmf uyif OD;pD;vkyfudkifaeNyDNzpfonf/ vlysdKvlvGwfvnf;NzpfNyefawmh
awmifilopfpufxJwGifomysOfaxmiftdrf tao;wpfvHk;aqmufum aexdkifcJhonf/ ,ck awmifil rSopfrsm;udk
&efukefodkh vmydkh&if; OD;armifBuD; tdrfwGifwnf;aeNcif;Nzpfonf/
vGefcJhaom (2) ESpfausmfcefhu tvHk&SdopfpufwGif pma&;rwpfOD;vdktyfvsuf&SdoNzifh xGef;ausmf onf
olESifhoduRrf;aom vSvSrGef ESifhpum;pyfrd&mrS olruvJ tvkyfvdkcsifonfqdkoNzifh OD;armifBuD; opfpufwGif
tvkyfoGif;ay;cJhNcif;Nzpfonf/ xdkhaemufwGifawmh OD;armifBuD; onf vSvSrGef ESifh taeeD;pyfum wpfyifvJrl
wpfyifxl qdkonfhpum;twdkif; vSvSrGef udkvufxyfum,lchJNcif;Nzpfonf/ om;ESifh orD;Nzpfoluvnf;
uefhuGufNcif;tvsif;r&SdbJ vSvSrGef udkBunfNzLpGmyifvufcHcJhonf/
xGef;ausmf onf OD;armifBuD; tvkyfudpörsm;udk opöm&Sd&Sd BudK;yef;umaqmif&GufcJhonfudkodonfhtwGuf
OD;armifBuD; uvnf; xGef;ausmf udkaNrSufpm;um rdom;pk0if wpfOD;uJodkhyif vufcHqufqHcJhonf/
tdrfa&ShwGifxdk;&yfvdkufaom um;oHaBumifh tawG;e,fcsJhaeaom xGef;ausmf onf olxdkifaeaom

3. qufwDukvm;xkdifrSxum tdrfa&ShwHcg;aygufqDodkhoGm;um oHbm*smwHcg;udkzGifhvdkufavonf/ OD;armifBuD;
onfum;xJrSxGufvmaomtcgwGif xGef;ausmf taemufem;wGif b,ftcsdefua&mufaeonfrodaom vSvSrGef
onf xGef;ausmf tm;Nzwfausmfvsuf OD;armifBuD; vufwGif;rS tdwfudkoGm;,lvkdufavonf/ xdktcdkufrSmyif
OD;OD;ausmf [laomuav;toHav;udkBum;vdkufoNzifh vSrf;Bunfhvdkuf&m cifaZmf(4)ESpforD; rsdK;rsdK;aZmf
udkawGhvdkuf&oNzifh uav;rxHavQmufoGm;vdkufavonf/ rsdK;rsdK;aZmf onf um;ay: rSckefqif;vdkufonf/
orD; uwpfa,mufwnf;vmwmvm; ..
arar vnf;ygw,f .. OD;OD;ausmf &Jh ..
uav; pum;aBumifh xGef;ausmf vSrf;BunfhvdkufpOfrSmyif cifaZmf ZeD; olZm onf ypönf;awGwpfyHkwpfyifNzifh
um;ay: rSqif;vmavonf/
udkxGef;ausmf a& .. 0dkif;ul,lay;ygOD; ..
xGef;ausmf onf olZmayGhvmaom ypönf;xkwfrsm;udkvSrf;um,lvdkufonf/
OD;OD;ausmf
rsdK;rsdK;aZmf ac: oHaBumifh olrzufokdh vSnfhBunfhvdkufaomaBumifh xGef;ausmf vufrsm;onf
ypönf;rsm;udkvSrf;ayGhydkuf,lvdkuf&if; olZm &ifom;ESpfrTmudkvnf; rawmfwqyif ususeeBuD;qkyfudkifrdavonf/
bmvJ .. orD;&Jh ..
orD;udk uefawmfBuD; vdkufydkh&r,faemf ..
at;yg .. orD;&Jh ..
xGef;ausmf u olZm qDrS ypönf;rsm;udk ydkifydkifEldifEldif ayGhvdkufNyD;aemuf olZm rsufESmudkvSrf;Bunhfum
tuJcwfvdkufavonf/ olZm rsufESmav;onf ododomomudkyif yef;Eka&mif oef;aeavonf/ xdkhaBumifh olr
tm&kHaNymif;oGm;ap&ef xGef;ausmf u
udkcifaZmf a&m rygzl;vm; olZm ..
rygvmbl; udkxGef;ausmf .. ta&mif;t0,feJh rEÅav;zufudkc&D;xGufoGm;wm (15) &ufavmuf&SdaeNyD/
tdrfrSmvnf;om;trd ESpfa,mufwnf;ysif;aewkef; azazuvnf;'Daeha&mufvmwmeJh tawmfyJqdkNyD;vdkufvmBuwm ...
olwdkhtdrfa&Shcef;odkhvSrf;ít0ifrSmyif
armifxGef;ausmf
cifAsm
rif;&efukef aecJhvdkufOD;uGm .. igreufzef&xm;eJh awmifil oGm;vkdufOD;r,f? [dkurdwfaqGawG
aqGrsdK;awGvnf;rawGh&wmBumNyD? aemufNyD;bk&m;wefaqmif; aqmufNyD;vªzdkh&nf&G,fxm;wmBumNyD/
igwpfywfq,f&ufavmufawmhBumr,feJhwlw,f/ rif;vnf; em;em;aeae 'DrSmaecJhOD;uG,f/ ig vSvSrGef
udkawmhxm;cJhr,f .. 'grS tvHkopfpufrSm rif;taz: &rSm .. NAHK;ueJqdkawmh rif;vJol&Sdaeawmh ydkNyD;
tqifaNyoGm;wmayghuG,f ..
[kwfuJh
aNymNyD;onfESifh OD;armifBuD; onftdrftwGif;zufodkh vSvSrGef ESifhtwl0ifoGm;avonf/
n(10)em&D rxdk;rDuyiftdrfoltdrfom;toD;oD;onf rdrdwdkhtdyfcef;twGif;odkh0ifoGm;BuNyDNzpfonf/
wpftdrfvHk;onf wNznf;Nznf;NidrfoGm;NyD; ydwfxm;aomNyLwif;aygufwHcg;&Sd rSefcsyfrsm;udkavwdk;onfhtoHrsm;rSvGJNyD;
wdwfqdwfumaeavonf/ ywf0ef;usif&Sd obmo0w&m;ESifhqefhusifNyD; vIyf&Sm;aeaom vlom;ESpfOD;uawmh
tdyfcef;us,fBuD;twGif;&Sd OD;armifBuD; ESifh vSvSrGefwdkhNzpfBuonf/ reufapmapm c&D;xGuf&rnfNzpfoNzifh OD;armifBuD;
onf ZeD;acsmacsmi,fi,fav; Nzifh cspf&nfvl;vsuf &du©m,laeonf/
OD;armifBuD; ESifh vSvSrGef wkdh ESpfOD;pvHk;udk,fay: wGif t0wftpm;[lorQ bmrQruyfBuay? ukwifay:
wGifyufvufNzpfaeaom vSvSrGef NzLNzLazG;azG; udk,fvHk;wD;BuD;ay: okdh OD;armifBuD; ndKndKwkwfwkwf
udk,fvHk;BuD;uarSmufíxm;NyD; aNcaxmufrsm;um; atmufuarTh,mudk tm;,lum zifBuD;aNrSmufumESdrfhumNzifh

4. tm;yg;w&yifvdk;aeonf/
bGwf .. NAGwf .. yvGwf .. yvyf .. NyGwf .. &I; tm; ..
[if; [if; .. tudkBuD;&,f .. 'DxufydkNyD;aqmifhay;ygOD; ..
ryDroaNymvdkufaom vSvSrGef pum;tqHk;wGif OD;armifBuD;ucyfoGufoGufyifaqmifhumvdk;ay;vdkufonf/
auseyftm;&NzpfoGm;&aom vSvSrGef udk,fvHk;NzLNzLav;u aumhueJaumhueJ wufoGm;onf/(10)
csufavmufaqmifhNyD;oGm;aomtcgwGif OD;armifBuD; aqmifhcsufrsm;rS tm;rygawmhbJ wNznf;Nznf;
t&Sdefavsmhvmonf/ OD;armifBuD; NyD;cgeD;NyDqdkonfudk vSvSrGef wpfa,mufem;vnfvdkufonf/ odkhaom
olrtzdkhrSmum; tckrS t&Sdefaumif;NyD; t&omwufaeqJNzpfonf/
tif; [if; .. t t udk BuD .. xdef;xm; OD; ... us us r enf;enf; vdkao;w,f ..
tif; tdkh [m; ... awmifhxm;OD; ..
bGwf .. yvpfwpfwpf ... azgif; 'kwf .. tdk .. pGd yvGwf ...
tdk .. tudkBuD; &,f .. tdk tdk .. [Gef ;
OD;armifBuD; vD;wefBuD; onf olrapmufacgif;av;xJwGif wqwfqwf waigufaigufNzpfum okwf&nfrsm;udk
aighaighueJyef;xkwfvdkufNyDNzpfonf/ vSvSrGef rSdwfxm;aomrsufcrf;pyfrsm;wGif
rsuf&nfav;rsm;pdrfhumxGufvmBuonf/ okdhaomf tay: rS OD;armifBuD; tzdkhrl xdkrsuf&nfrsm;udkrNrifEldifbJ
w&I;&I;w&SJ&SJ Nzifh zg;zdkBuD;uJodkh zkwfvIdufzkwfvIduf BudK;pm;um touf&Iae&avonf/ vSvSrGef uawmh
olrudk,fvHk;av;ay: wGif arSmufcsxm;NyD; rSdef;aeaom OD;armifBuD; udk,fvHk;BuD;tm;wif;BuyfpGm
zufay;xm;&if; olr vufz0g;EkEkav;u OD;armifBuD; ausmNyifBuD;ay: wGif a&Ghumvsm;umNzifh
yGwfoyfay;aeavonf/
OD;armifBuD; onfcPrQ vSvSrGef udk,fvHk;av;udkzufum Zdrf,laeNyD;aemuf aysmhacGoGm;NyDNzpfaom
olvD;wefBuD;udk qJGxkwfum olrab;zufodkh yufvufvSefumvSJcsvdkufavonf/ xdkhaemuf aNc&if;zuf&Sd
olykqdk;ESifhtusÐudk qJGí0wfvdkufNyD;aemuf arTh,may: odkhNyefvSJumxdk;tdyfavawmhonf/ xdktcsdefwGif vSvSrGef rSm
olr rsufvHk;ESpfvHk;udkydwfíxm;NyD; olrvufacsmif;rsm;udk aumhcsnf? auG;csnf? qefhcsnfNzifh
qefhwiefhiefhNzpfumaeavonf/OD;armifBuD; ESifh olrwdkh onfvdkumrpyf,SufBuonfhtcgwdkif;vdkvdkyif vSvSrGef
onf vrf;wpf0ufwGifyif wdkhvdkhwef;vef;NzifhusefcJhum umrqE´rNynfh0bJ usef&pfcJh&onfursm;NyDNzpfonf/ [dk;
nm;umpuawmh eJeJawmfao;onf[kqdkao;onf/ OD;armifBuD; onf orD;xufyifi,faom ZeD;acsmacsmav; udk
rTefxGefaeaom umrt&SdefNzifh wpfcsDruvdk;cJhonf/ rdef;rESifhNywfaewmuvJ xdktcsdefu(2)ESpfausmfBumNyDqdkawmh
OD;armifBuD; rsm;uNynfhNzdK;NyD;opfvGifaeonf/ 'Dawmhvnf; OD;armifBuD;pdwfoGm;wdkif;udk,fygcJhonf/ vSvSrGef
taeESihfvnf; OD;armifBuD; uwpfcsDNyD;oGm;aomvnf; olrtaeESifhumrNyD;ao;acs/ odkhaomf OD;armifBuD; 'kwd,tcsD
vdk;aomtcgwGif olrqE´wdkh txGwftxdyfa&mufum NyD;cJh&onf/ onfvdk umvrsm;uawmh
odyfNyD;Bum&SnfrcHcJhyg? (2) v avmufrrQomNzpfonf/ onfhaemufydkif;wGifawmh OD;armifBuD; onf
wpfywfvQifwpfcgavmufomvdk;Eldifawmhonf/
'Dawmh touf(22)ESpfom&Sdao;aom i,f&G,fEkysdKum aoG;om;qlNzdK;aom vSvSrGef onf
olrqE´rNynfh0cJh&onfhumra0'emudk usdwfrSdwfrsdKodyfum cHpm;aecJh&onf/ ckvnf; OD;armifBuD; onf wacgacgNzifh
olrab;wGiftdyfarmusaeNyDNzpfonf/ vSvSrGef onf ukwifay: rSvl;vJxum ukwifaNc&if;&Sd olr
xrDudkaumufpGyfNyD;awmh&ifvQm;vkdufonf/ NyD;awmh olrudk,fudk oefhpif&ef aemufzufodkhxGufvmcJhonf/
vm&if;ESifh xGef;ausmf tdyfcef;udk ausmfoGm;NyD;rS wzef NyefvSnfhum tdyfcef;wHcg;udktomwGef;vdkufonf/
txJu *sufcsxm;onfudkodvdkuf&oNzifh NyefvSnfhum txGufwGifawmh xGef;ausmf a[mufoHrsm;u olrudk
usDp,faeovdkvdk/
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OD;armifBuD; onfreufapmapm&xm;Nzifh awmifilodkh c&D;xGufom;cJhNyDNzpfonf/

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pdwfxifvdkhyJvm;awmhrod? 'Daeh olh ukd vSvSrGef qufqHyHkonf ydkrdkyGifhvif;um &Jwif;aeovdkvdk/ xGef;ausmf
awG;aerdonfrSm raehuxrif;pm;cef;xJwGif vSvSrGef udktyDtNyif udkifNyD; erf;cJhaomfvnf; vSvSrGef onf
tausmuftuef Niif;qefcJhNcif;r&SdoNzifh vkyfvQif&Eldifonf[k/ odkhaomf xGef;ausmf tawG;tm&Hkrsm;u oifhawmfNcif;
&Sdf r&Sd udk pOf;pm;um awGa0aepOf ...
tudk xGef;ausmf ..
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Nrifhrm;vSaom opfcJGom;yHkBuD;u olwdkhESpfOD;tm;vTrf;NcHKay;xm;ovdkawmifNzpfaeao; onf/
xGef;ausmf onf bmudkrSpOf;pm;raeawmhyg? ..
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tirf;r&erf;avawmhonf/ vSvSrGef uvnf; rsufvTmav;cs&if; olrrsufESmav;udk
tvdkufoifharmhay;xm;avonf/ xGef;ausmf onf rsufESmrSonf wpfqifhwufum vHk;vkH;zl;um tmaeaom
vSvSrGef EIwfcrf;av;udk qJGpkyfNyD;erf;avawmhonf/
vSvSrGef udk,fvHk;av;onf wpfcsufrQwGefUwufoGm;NyD;aemuf xGef;ausmf udk,fvHk;BuD;tm;
wif;BuyfpGmayGhzufvdkufonf/ wpfcPtwGif;rSmyif vSvSrGef wkefhNyefaomterf;rsm;u xGef;ausmf
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nmzufzufonf vSvSrGef aygif&if;qDodkh vSrf;vdkufaomtcgwGifrS vSvSrGef onf uaomuarsm
rsufvTmcsvdkufNyD; auseyfNyHK;av;wpfyGifh olrrsufESmay: wGif ay: vmavonf/
xGef;ausmf onf olhvufz0g;Nzifh vSvSrGef apmufzkwfudkxduyfvdkufonf/ vSvSrGef cg;onf
qwfueJwGefhoGm;&m apmufzkwf ESifhvufz0g;onf ,cktcg yDyDNyifNyifBuD;udkxduyfrdawmhonf/ xrDtay:
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uvday;aeawmhonf/ vSvSrGef udk,fvHk;av; onf wvIyfvIyfNzpfoGm;&oNzifh xGef;ausmf onf
olb,fvufNzifh vSvSrGef ycHk;av;tm;NiifompGmzufNyD;xdef;ay;vkdufonf/
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wNznf;Nznf; [ onfxuf [ vmaeNyD; olrtzkwfudk ododomomyif xGef;ausmf
vufqDodkhzduyfay;xm;onf/ vSvSrGef onf [if; ueJ oufNyif;udk wdk;wdk;av;csvdkufNyD;aemuf
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NzLazG;tkaeaom ovHk;om;? aNzmifhpif;uspfvpfaom aygifwH wdkhrSm 0if;0if;yy ay: xGufvmavonf/ xGef;ausmf
onf vSvSrGef xrDudk cg;odkha&mufonftxd vSefwifvdkufavonf/ xdktcgwGif yifwDteDa&mifav; onf
NzLaomtom;ESifh[yfvsuf um;pGifhwif;tdaom wifom;wdkhudkrvHkwvHkomzkH;Edlifavonf/

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0if;0if;aNymifaNymifESifhxGufvmavonf/ xGef;ausmf onf wif;um;um tdpufvSaom vSvSrGef zifwHk;BuD;rsm;udk
t&omcHum Nznf;nSif;pGmyif yGwfawmhonf/ olawmifrwfaeNyDNzpfaom iyJ onfvnf; vSvSrGef tzkwftay:
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aighueJ aighueJ twif;&kef;aeav&m vSvSrGef tzdkhtBudKufawGlae&avonf/
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yifwDudk twGif;okdhvdyfvdkufNyefonf/ xGef;ausmf onf yifwDvdyfxm;oNzifh ray:h way: Nzpfaeaom vSvSrGef
apmufzkwf udk vufcv,fNzifh tomuvdavonf/ vSvSrGef 'l;rsm;onf rcdkifcsifawmh? vludk r&G
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olr tvdkvm; tawmifhwqHk;rSm xGef;ausmf axmifrwfum wkwf&Snfaeaom vD;? olr tzkwftay: zuf udk
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tvkyf&Sifvdk jzpfae&onfrdkU yg;pyfuxkwfrajymomyJ pdwfxJrSom tm;rvdktm;r& jzpfaerd&awmhonf/ ..
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olraygifrsm;udk uGumum;ay;vdkufonf/
xGef;ausmf vufcv,fonf olrtacgif;xJodkhNznfnif;pGm0ifvmavonf/ xGef;ausmf onf olhvufudk
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olvufrESifhvufnId;Bum;wGif xm;um Nznf;nSif;pGmyGwfacsay;vdkufonf/ vSvSrGef onf wqwfqwfESifhwkefaeNyD;
olrEIwfrSvnf; roJruJG wD;wdk;a&&GwfoHrsm;xGufay;aeonf/ olrvufwpfzuf onf olr ESifh
xGef;ausmftBum;wGif&Sdaom axmifrwfaeaom vD;BuD;qDodkhvSrf;vdkufavonf/ xGef;ausmf onf olrEl;nHhvSaom
tawGhudk ykqdk;cHaeaomfvnf; aumif;pGmcHpm;vdkuf&onf/ vSvSrGef tzdkhvnf; vD;BuD;ylaEG;aeaom"gwf udk
ykqdk;ay:rStkyfudkifxm;&aomfvnf; odaeonfhtNyif olrvufESifhqkyfudkifvdkufaomtcgwGif aihgueJ aighueJ
awmifumae&m olrpdwftpHkudkydkrdkBuGapavonf/ ESpfa,mufom; tNcm;wpfa,muft*Fgudk
tNcm;wpfa,mufuqGay;&if;t&Sdefawmfawmf&vmaeBuNyD/ ESpfa,mufpvHk;touf&IoHrsm;onf w&I;&I;Nzifh
Nyif;xefvmBuonf/ xGef;ausmf onf olhvufrsm;udk vSvSrGefqDrS cPz,fum olhvHkcsnfudk
uGif;vHk;uRwfcRwfcs&eftwGuf cg;yHkpudkNznf&eftvkyf ..
q&mxGef; ... q&mxGef; ..
cyfus,fus,fatmfac: oHwpfcku opfcJGom;rsm;tykHwpfzufrSxGufay:vmonf/ xdkhaBumifh xGef;ausmf onf
vkHcsnfudkNyefNyif0wfvdkufNyD; axmifrwfaeaom olh iyJ udkvnf; NidrfusoGm;ap&ef twif;yifvufNzifh
csdK;ESdrfae&onf/ vSvSrGef onfvnf; vdyfaeaom olryifwDudkNyefNyif&efyif tcsdefr&awmhoNzifh
cg;txdvefwufaeaom olrxrDudk tvsiftNrefyifqJGcsvdkufonf/ olronf uwkHu,ifNzpfum
rsufvHk;tNyK;om;ESifhNzpfaeavonf/ xGef;ausmf onf toHcyfwdk;wdk;Nzifh
tudk t&if xGufawGhvdkufr,f .. 'DrSmyJaecJhNyD; t&dyftcsnfBunfhNyD;rS xGufvmcJhaemf ...
xGef;ausmf onf opfykHBum;rS xGufvdkufaomtcgwGif opfpufrStvkyform;av;udkawGhvdkuf&onf/
q&m .. opf0,fr,fhvlawGa&mufaew,f ..
at; at; [kwfNyD .. oGm;BuwmayghuGm ..
[kaNym&if; 0,folqDodkh xGef;ausmfxGufcJhawmhonf/
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7. xGef;ausmf ESifh vSvSrGef wdkh uHqdk;onf[kyif aNym&rnf/ xdkaehusrSmyif 0,folrsm;vSonf/ xdkhaBumifh xGef;ausmf
a&m vSvSrGef a&m udk,fpDudk,fpD tvkyf&IyfaeBuonf/
naeydkif; tvkyfodrf;cgeD;wGif opfpufodkh e,frSvmaom opfukefo,frsm; a&mufvmBuonf/ &if;ESD;aeaom
vkyfief;&Sifrsm;NzpfaeoNzifh xGef;ausmf npmvdkufauR;zdkhNzpfvmNyefonf/ odk.Nzpfí qdkifodrf;NyD;aemuf vSvSrGef onf
tdrfodkhNyefum xGef;ausmf onf ukefo,frsm;ESifh twl pm;aomufqdkif wpfckwGif aomufpm;umNzifh {nfhcHcJhonf/
,ck xGef;ausmf tdrfodkhNyefa&mufawmh n(10)em&DausmfaeNyD/ wpftdrfvHk;arSmifrnf;aeaomfvnf;
{nfhcef;rD;vif;aeonfudkawGhvdkuf&oNzifh wpfa,mufa,mufawmh olhtm;apmifhaeonfudkodvdkuf&onf/
tNzpfEdkifqHk;uawmh vSvSrGef yif/ xGef;ausmf onf oHbm*smwHcg; wGif cwfxm;aomaomhcavmufudk udk
cyfNznf;Nznf;yif bm*smwHcg;ESifh&kdufvsuf ola&mufNyDNzpfaBumif; {nfhcef;wGif;&Sdapmifhaeoltm;odapvdkufonf/
csufcsif;qdkovdkyif vmNyD vmNyD [k cyftkyftkyfNyefaNzvdkufaomtoHudk Bum;vdkuf&onf/
wHcg;qDodkhaomhvmzGif;ay;olrSm vSvSrGef r[kwfbJ OD;armifBuD; orD;tBuD;qHk; tysdKBuD;q&mr
rcifpdefNzpfaeavonf/ xGef;ausmf onf tenf;i,f thHtm;oifhoGm;onf/ odkhaomf xGef;ausmf onf
rnfodkhrQraNymbJ wHcg;abmifudkudkifum tdrfwGif;odkh vSrf;0ifvdkufonf/ odkhaomfvnf; aomufxm;onfht&SdefaBumifh
abmifudkudkifxm;aomfvnf; xGef;ausmf udk,fBuD;onf ,drf;um,dkifumNzpfaeonf/
tdk .. tdk ..
cifcifpdef onf olrrsufpda&ShwGif ,drf;xdk;aeaom xGef;ausmf udkrnfodkhvkyfay;&rnfrodoNzifh cyftkyftkyf
atmfumBunfhaeonf/ wcPrSmyif cifcifpdef vufonf xGef;ausmf vufarmif;udk qkyfudkif&if;
tenf;i,fxdef;ay;vdkufonf/ xGef;ausmf qDrS cyfoif;oif;ysHhvTifhvmaom t&ufeHhaBumifh cifcifpdef
ESmacgif;&IHvdkufrdonf/ xGef;ausmf onf twGif;wHcg;abmifudkudkifum &yfaeqJ/ tdrfcef;twGif;okdh
qufumavsmufoGm;rnfh[efrNy/ xdkhaBumifh cifcifpdef onf wHcg;udkydwfum aomhrsm;udkaocsmpGmcwfavonf/
xdkhaemuf xGef;ausmf udkwJGNyD; {nfhcef;bufodkhavsmufvmcJhonf/ xdkokdhoGm;&if; xGef;ausmf udk,fonf
vJusawmhrwwf ,dkifueJNzpfoGm;&m cifcifpdef onf xGef;ausmf udk,fudk twif;yifqJGxm;&onf/ xdktcg
xGef;ausmf udk,fonf cifcifpdefzufodkh tvdkufoifhNyefygvmNyD; xGef;ausmf vufwpfzufonf cifcifpdef
cg;av;udkqJG,lumzufvdkufavonf/ cifcifpdef udk,fvHk;av;onf qwf ueJ wkefoGm;avonf/
r ..r pdef .. aqm aqm &D;aemf ..
tif; .. tif; ..
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udk,fBuD;udkatmifhtnf;umwJGNyD; olhtdyfcef;&Sd&mzufodkh cyfoGufoGufvSrf;avonf/ xGef;ausmf tdyfcef;
wHcg;udkzGifhNyD;aemuf tdyfcef;rD;cvkwfudk cifcifpdefvufESifhprf;aepOfrSmyif oefvSaom wHcg;ywÅmaBumifh
tdyfcef;wHcg;onfNyefydwfoGm;avonf/ rl;omrl;aeaomfvnf; oaumifhom; xGef;ausmf vufrsm;onf
csufcsif;qdkovdkyif wHcg;tm;*sufxkd;vdkufonf/ cifcifpdefum; xdktNzpftysufrsm;udk rodao;/ tarSmifxJwGif
tdyfcef;rD;cvkwfudkom vufNzifhprf;um&SmaeqJ/ cvkwf udk&SmawGhNyD; rD;zGifhNyD;aomtcgwGif cifcifpdef
vufwdkhonf xGef;ausmf xHodkhNyefa&mufvmNyD; wzefNyefwJGum a&ShrvSrf;rurf;wGif&Sdaom
ukwifqDodkhydkhay;avonf/
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cifcifpdef cg;udkzufxm;NrJNzpfaomaBumifh cifcifpdef udk,fvHk;av;onfvnf; xGef;ausmf udk,fay:
odkharSmufíusvmavonf/
[if .. tdk .. b,fvdk ...
rSefygonf/ xGef;ausmf onf tcsdefqJGraeawmhyJ cifcifpdef EIwfcrf;tpHkudk qJG,lumpkyferf;vdkufawmh tysdKBuD;
cifcifpdef &ifxJwGifwkefcgoGm;&avonf/ NyD;awmhrS &kef;ukef&ef owd0ifvmNyD; &kef;aomfvnf; oefrmvSaom
xGef;ausmf vufrsm;Bum;0,f pyg;BuD;aNrG &pfywfNcif;udkcH&aom om;aumifuJhodkh &kef;írvGwfEdlifawmhacs/

8. xdkhNyif olru &kef;avav ykqdk;wGif;rS xGef;ausmf ylaEG;um axmifrwfaeaom vD;wefBuD;onf olr qD;pyf
ESifh apmufzkwftHk wpfckvHk;tESHhudk ydkNyD;xdawGhavav Nzpfaeonf/ wpfcgrS rBuHKzl;aom tawGhaBumifh cifcifpdef
onf 'def;wvdef;wdef; ewfzrf;cH&ouJhodkh NzpfoGm;NyD; &ifxJwGif EHk;csdum wNznf;Nznf;csif;NidrfusoGm;avonf/
rdef;rusrf;ausaom xGef;atmif odvdkufNyD/ xdkhaBumifh cifcifpdef udk,fudkcsKyfaESmifxm;aom olhvufrsm;udk
cifcifpdef wifqHkBuD;&Sd&modkha&Thum Nznf;Nznf;wzHk tenf;i,f tm;pdkufumwpfrsdK;Nzifh qkyfumvnf;aumif;?
e,fumvnf;aumif;? zspfumnSpfumNzifhvnf;aumif; cifcifpdef zifom;BuD;rsm;udk okH;oyfudkifwG,f&if;
umrcvkwfudkpzGifhaeNyDNzpfonf/
cifcifpdef touf&IoHrsm;onfvnf; Nyif;xefvmaeNyD/ xGef;ausmf onf cifcifpdef
udk,fvHk;av;udkyufvufvSefum tdyf,may: odkhvSJcsvdkufavonf/ wpfNydKufeufwnf;vdkyif olrxrDudk
qJGvSefumwifvdkufonf/
armif armifxGef; .. rvkyf&bl; .. tdk .. [m .. [ifh [ifh ..
cifcifpdef xrDvefwufoGm;pOfrSmyif xGef;ausmf vufu olrapmufywftHkav;udk qkyfudkifvdkufavonf/
xlxlxyfxyfNzpfaeaom tarT;awGatmufrSm&Sdvifhupm; olrapmufzkwf onf azgif;um; um El;nhHaeonf/
xGef;ausmf vufnId;zsm;av;u apmufzkwftuJGaBumif;xJodkh tzsm;av;rQomxdk;oGif;vkdufNyD;
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tarh .. [ifh .. uRwf uRwf ..
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rdef;rwdkhumrwHcg;udkzGifh&ef txG#ftacgiftcsKyf yifr[kwfavm/ xGef;ausmf qufNyD;uvdavaomtcgwGif
apmuf&nfrsm;onf wNznf;Nznf;csif; tacgif;0wGif pdkpGwfumvmaeonf/ cifcifpdef &omzl; onf
ywÅNrm;aoG;a&mifNzifh ,ckqdkvQif ododomomBuD;udkyif plxGufumvmaeonf/ raeEdlifawmhaom xGef;ausmf onf
xdk aigufawmufav;Nzpfaeaom tpdudk olyg;pyfNzifhiHkum tomt,mpkyfoGif;vdkufaoonf/
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xGef;ausmf vkyf&yfonf olrpdwful;ESifhawmifawG;rBunfhcJhzl;acs/
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tysdKBuD;u taBumuftuefaNymvmaomtcgwGif xGef;ausmf onfyg;pyfem;odkha&mufvmNyDNzpfaom 0ufom;wkH;
BuD;rpm;vdkuf&yJ vGwfoGm;rnfpdk;oNzifh ol;yg;pyfudk olrapmufzkwfqDrScGgNyD;aemuf cifcifpdef udk ukwifay:
odkhaNz;nSif;pGmNyefwGef;NyD;vSJvdkufavonf/ NyD;aemuf pdkpGwfaeNyDNzpfaom cifcifpdef tacgif;twGif;odkh
olvD;BuD;udkaNz;nSif;pGmNzifh 'pfNrKyf,Hk oGif;vdkufavonf/ ylaEG;NyD;rmawmifaeaom xGef;ausmf vD;BuD;xdyfrS
carmufyHkpHatmfvHNyJ'pfBuD;onf t&nfBunfrsm;Nzifh pdkpGwfum El;nHhacsmarThaeaom cifcifpdef &Jyawmif;cwfaeom
apmufywfEIwfcrf;om;rsm;udk Nznf;nSif;pGmyGwfwdkufNyD;0ifoGm;avonf/
tif .. &SD; uRwf uRwf .. tGef; ..
cifcifpdef t&rf;udk iHhvifhaerdNyDNzpfonf/ olaygifESpfacsmif;udk wwfEdliforQum;um aemufxyf0ifvmrnfh
ylaEG;aomtacsmif;udkapmifharQmfaerdonf/ cufaeonfum; xGef;ausmf/ ol'pfNrKyf,HkoGif;xm;aomvD;udk
qufrxnfhyJ 'Dtwdkif;yifpdrfxm;onf/ NyD;awmholhvufawGu cifcifpdef tusÐus,foD;rsm;udk ZdrfqJGum
Nznf;Nznf;csif;NzKwfaeavonf/ atmufrSaeNyD; awmfawmfcHpm;ae&NyDNzpfaom cifcifpdef onf pdwfr&SnfEdlifpGmNzifh
0kdif;ulnDNyD;cRwfay;aeavonf/ zGHhxGm;qlNzdK;avaom cifcifpdef EdkhBuD;ESpfvHk;onf
NzLazG;0if;ypGmxGufvmNyDNzpfonf/ vD;'pfudk pdrfxm;&if;yif xGef;ausmf onf cifcifpdef EdkhBuD;ESpfvHk;udk
qkwfe,fum EdkhoD;acgif;rsm;ygrusef ol vufr ESifh vufnId;Bum;wGifvdSrfhacsumay;aeavonf/

9. vD;wefBuD;udkum;xyfoGif;Ncif;r&SdyJ waighaighNzpfoGm;atmif qwfueJqwfueJawmifay;vdkufonf/ cifcifpdef
apmufacgif;wGif;rS t&nfBunfwdkhum; a&wHcGefpD;ouJhodkh woGifoGifxGufusvmavonf/
cifcifpdef um;tawmfav;udkyif cHpm;&cufaeacsNyD/ xdkhaBumifhvnf; atmufrSaeum w[if;[if; wtif;tif;
vkyfum toHaetoHxm;Nzifh vkyf&eftcsufay;onf/ okdhaomf xGef;ausmf urodcsifa,mifaqmifum
EdkhBuD;rsm;ESifhomeyrf;vHk;aeonf/ rnfodkhrQ awmifhrcHEdlifawmhonfhtqHk;rawmh
armifxGef; .. tif; [if; [if ; .. rr udk xyfNyD;rESdyfpufcsifygeJhawmh ... vkyfp&m&Sdwm vkyfawmhavuG,f ..
xkduJhodkh cifcifpdef onf ryD0g;w0g; EIwfrSzGifhqdkumawmif;qkdygaomfvnf; r&/ xGef;ausmf onf
cPrQBumonftxd aeNrJtwdkif;qufvkyfae&m cifcifpdef onf ausmav;aumhwufvmvdkuf?
cg;av;aumhwufvmvdkufNzifh t&rf;a[mhaeNyDNzpfonf/ olr pif;aomaygifESpfacsmif;rSmvnf; tNidrfraeEdlifawmhyJ
pkvdkufum;vdkufNzifh xGef;ausmf vdk;csufudk apmifharQmfumaeayNyD/
Aspf .. ywpf ywpf .. pGwf zGyf .. trav; av; [if; [if; [if; .. bkef ; ..
xGef;ausmf onf usefaeaomvD;wefBuD;udk wpfcgwnf;aqmifhum tqHk;xdoGif;csvdkufavonf/ atmufrSaeaom
cifcifpdef udk,fvHk;av;onf xGef;ausmf v'pf ESifh olr om;tdrft0 wdkh wkdufrdavaomtcgwGif olr
zifom;BuD;rsm; onf tdyf,may: rS wpfawmifcefhBuGoGm;NyD;aemuf bkef; ueJ arTh,may: odkhNyefusoGm;Ncif;Nzpfonf/
apmufacgif; xJwGifusOfNyD;pdrfhwufvmonfrSmvnf; yk&Gufqdwf wpfaomif;cefh olrtzkwftwGif;odkh
w&G&GpDwef;NyD;Nzwfoef;oGm;onfhES,f cHpm;ae&onf/
xkdhaemufwGifawmh xGef;ausmf onf olr aygifESpfacsmif;pkvdkufNyD; olnmzufycHk;ay: odkhtvdkufoifh
wifvdkufavonf/ xkdtcg cifcifpdef aNcaxmufESpfacsmif;onf yl;oGm;NyD; olraygifrsm;udkvnf;
aphovdkNzpfoGm;onf/ xdkhaBumifh cifcifpdef apmufzkwfEIwfcrf;rsm;onfvnf; aphoGm;NyD; twGif; tNyif
apmufywfEIwfcrf;om;rsm; onf xGef;ausmf vD;wefBuD; udk&pfywfiHkxm;ovdkNzpfoGm;avonf/ xGef;ausmf onf
tysdK;BuDrr wif;usyfpD;ydkifaom apmufzkwfnSpftm;aBumifh ar;aBumBuD;rsm;axmifvmum
tHudkBudwfxm;&avonf/
ZGd .. pGyf .. zkef; .. tdk tGef; ..
Avpf .. Asd .. yvyf .. zkef; .. tm;
yvpf .. yvpf .. &SD; tm; [m; .. zkef;
xGef;ausmf onf olhyckH;ay: wifxm;aom cifcifpdef aygifrsm;udk vufEpfzufNzifh wif;BuyfpGm zufvsuf
cg;tm;udkoHk;um cifcifpdef Buyfaomfvnf; t&nfBunfrsm;aBumifh ydk;om;uJhodkh El;nHhacsmarThaeaom apmufzkwf
twGif;odkh vdk;aqmifhawmhonf/ apmufzkyf EIwfcrf;om;rsm;onf aphxm;aomaBumifh ol vD;vHk;ywfvnfudk
nSpfxm;ovdkNzpfaeaomaBumifh xGef;ausmf rSm tifrwefrSxl;uJvSaom umr*kPf tm&kHudk cHpm;ae&onf/ xdkhaBumifh
olhcg;tm;udk oHk;umtm;yg;aqmifhavaomtcgwGif ol qD;pyf ESifh aphxm;aomcifcifpdef aygifESpfacsmif;wdkh
&kdufrdoHrSm wzkef;zkef;Nrnf aeNyD;? tdkifxGufvmaom t&nfBunf rsm;aBumifh vD;0if vD;xGuf vkyfavwdkif;
xGufvmaom wZGdZdG? wAdsAsd toHrsm; onf ESpfa,mufvHk; pdwfudkydkxefapavonf/ xdkodkh xGef;ausmf qD;pyf
onf cifcifpdef aphxm;aom aygif&if;wdkh xd&kdufrdaomtcgwGif NzLazG;um qlNzdL;rdkharmufaeaom cifcifpdef Ekdh
ESpfvHk;onfvnf; wqwfqwfwkefum cifcifpdef ar;aph &Sd&modkh tdueJtdueJ qefwufoGm;Buavonf/ xdkuJhodkh
Edkh ESpfvHk; wwkefwkefNzpfaeonfudkNrif&aom xGef;ausmf onf ydkrdk ESmuefvmum cifcifpdef EdkhBuD;ESpfvHk;udk
olvufz0g; ESpfcktwGif;okdh rufarmpGm pkHudkifNyD;aemuf BuHK;umBuHK;um vdk;avawmhonf/
xGef;ausmf onf aES;&mrSNref? Nref&mrSNyif;? Nyif;&mrS av;zsOf;wJhGwGhJ ponfNzifh pnf;csufrsm;udk
toGiftrsdK;rsdK;aNymif;NyD;vdk;avaomtcg cifcifpdef acgif;rsm;onf csmcsmvnfum rl;arhawmhrwwf umr*kPftm&kH
zrf;pm;Ncif;udkcH&avonf/ olrtouf&IoHrsm;um; Nyif;xefyHkrSm wpfrdkifc&D;udk rem;wrf;
w&Burf;aNy;vmaomoluJhodkhyif/ xGef;ausmf vdk;yHkvdk;enf;rSmaumif;vGef;vSoNzifh olrtzkwftwGif;rS
t&nfBunfwdkhonf w&a[myifxyfrHumxGufvmavonf/ xdkhaBumifhyif xGef;ausmf vD;t0iftxGuf
pdwfvmonfESifhtrQ t*Fvdyfvdk (Slurping Sond ) rsm;onf tcef;xJwGif yJhwifxyfumaeawmhonf/

10. cifcifpdef onf olrzifudk wwfEdliforQavxJodkhaNrSmufxm;NyD; xGef;ausmf rD;yGifhrwwfvdk;aqmfcsufrsm;udk
tm;yg;w&cH,lae&if; rnfodkhNzpfvmonfrod? olrudk,fxJrS wpfpHkwpf&m onf tNyifodkhxGufcsifaeonf/
tm;yg;w&aqmifhaeaom xGef;ausmf vD;wefBuD; onf azgifum;wif;vmNyD; umraoG;rsm; OD;aESmuftwGif;odkh
'vBurf; pD;0ifonfhtwGuf rsuf&nfrsm;xGufrwwfcHpm;ae&aom'Pfudk rcHEdlifawmhaomaBumifh
wpfukd,fvHk;&Sdtm;rsm;udknSpfum tHudkzspfzspfrnfatmifBudwf&if; 15 csufrQaqmifhNyD;aomtcgwGif
trav; av ; .. armif armif armif xGef; .. tkd [if [if ... tGef tGef tdk tdk tm ; ..
[k cifcifpdef onf wpfukd,fvHk;wGefhvdrfvmNyD; olr apmufzkwf EIwfcrf; twGif;ESifhtNyifeH&Hrsm;yg &IHumyGumNzifh
vufrsm;onfvnf; tdyf,mcif;udk uspfuspfygatmifqkyf&if; olrqD;pyf udk xGef;ausmf qD;pyf
&Sd&modkhzduyfvdkufNyD; aumhumaumhumNzifh NyD;qHk;Ncif;odkha&mufoGm;avonf/ olr apmufzkwf eH&Hrsm;onf
&IHumyGumNzifh xGef;ausmf vD;wefywfvnfwpfavsmufudk nSpfaeaomtcgwGif xGef;ausmf onfvnf; cifcifpdef
aygifrsm;udk vufESpfzufNzifhodkif;zuf&if; ol cg;udkaumhum ylaEG;yspfaxG;aom okwf&nfylrsm;udk cifcifpdef
apmufzkwftwGif;odkh waighaighNzifh yef;xkwfaeawmhonf/
__________________________________________________
naeopfpufydwfawmh xGef;ausmf opfukefo,frsm;ESihfnpmauR;&efygoGm;oNzifh vSvSrGef
wpfa,mufwnf;tdrfodkhNyefoGm;cJhonf/ wpfnaevHk; xGef;ausmf udkarQmfvifhaeaomfvnf; n(9) em&Dxdk;onftxd
xGef;ausmf Nyefrvmao;oNzifh tdyf,may: odkhwufvSJaevdkufonf/ tdrfa&ShwGifrawmh rrpdef onf xHk;pHtwdkif;yif
ausmif;om;rsm;avhusifhcef;pmtkyfrsm;udk trSwfzsuf&if; tvkyf&Iyfaeonf/
vSvSrGef onf tdyf,may: wGifvSJae&if; aehcif;zufutNzpftysufrsm;udk NyefaNymif;umpOf;pm;aerdonf/ aehcif;u
olraehpOfarQmfvifhawmifhwaecJh&aom qE´rsm;Nynfh0cgeD;rS taNctaet& ysufNym;oGm;cJh&onfudk
olrpdwfxJwGif ,ckxufxd wEkHEHk ESifh rcsihfr&JNzpfvsufyif&Sdaeao;onf/
xGef;ausmf vdifwefBuD;onf wu,fhudkpHcsdefrDvSonf/ [dkwpfaeh eHufydkif; xrif;pm;cef;xJwGif olrudk xGef;ausmf
uaemufzufrSaeí zufvdkufpOfu(olruvnf; rdrd&& zduyfay;vdkufpOf) xdawGhvdkuf&aom xGef;ausmf vdifwef?
wpfzef aehvnfuopfpufxJwGif olr vufNzifh rdrd&& yGwfoyfay;cJhaom iyJacsmif;BuD;onf
enf;enf;aemaemBuD;r[kwf/ olr pdwfxif (7)vufravmufawmh&Sdrnf/ rmvdkufonfrSmvnf;
oHacsmif;tvm;rSwf&onf/ wpfu,fhudkrufavmufwJh [mBuD;ygvm;/ vSvSrGef wpfa,muf awG;avav
pdwfydkvIyf&Sm;avav/ oufysif;armrsm;udk csvdkuf&onfrSmvnf; cPcP/ pdwfvIyf&Sm;vmonfESifhtrQ olr
apmufywftwGif;wGif &Gpd&Gpd NzpfvmNyD; tpGrf;ukef cHcsifpdwfwdkhay: vmonfrSmvnf; b,fvdkrS xdef;vdkhr&atmifyif/
'Dvdk vD;wefrsdK; ESifh BuHKcsifprf;vGef;vSygbd/ a[m cs&NyefNyDoufysif;arm aemufwpfcsuf/
tdyf,may: wGifvSJae&mrS vSvSrGef onf xumukwifay: rSqif;vdkufNyD; olrt0wftpm;rsm;tm;vHk;udk
cRwfvdkufonf/NyD;awmh tdyfcef;wHcg;twGif;zufrS xkd;xm;aom *vefhudk NzKwfum tdyf,may: wGifNyefvSJvdkufNyD;
xGef;ausmf wpfa,muf 'Dwpfnawmh olrtcef;odkhvmrnf[k taotcsmwGufvdkufum tem;&Sdapmifudk ukd,fay:
wGifvTrf;vdkufNyD; pdwfcsvufcs tdyfNypfvdkufavonf/
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nu cifcifpdefwpfa,muf xGef;ausmf tcef;rSNyefxGufvmawmh reuf(2)em&D yifxdk;NyD;aeNyD/ xGef;ausmf onf
cifcifpdef udknu(3)csDwdwdqJGNypfvdkufonf/ qufwdkufvdk;Ncif;r[kwfyJ em;um
taotcsmEI;ESyfumvdk;Ncif;Nzpfonf/ cifcifpdef NyefoGm;NyD;rBumrDrSmyif xGef;ausmf vnf;
armyef;umtdyfaysmfoGm;avonf/
reuf xGef;ausmf Edl;vmawmh(9) em&Dawmifxdk;awmhrnf/ a&csdK;&eftwGuf aemufaz;odkhxGufvmaomtcgwGif
rD;zkdacsmifxJwGif tvkyf&Iyfaeaom olZm udkawGhvdkufonf/ xGef;ausmf udkawGhvdkufaomtcg olZm
uNyHK;NyumEIwfqufvdkufonf/

11. rsdK;rsdK; a&m olZm
rrpdef ausmif;qDygoGm;w,f udkxGef;ausmf
aBomf udkxGef;ausmf .. vSvSrGef urSmoGm;w,f .. opfpufudk oGm;ESifhNyDwJh .. udkxGef;ausmf at;at;aq;aq;rSom
vdkufvmcJhygwJh..
[kwfuJh ..
udkxGef;ausmf a&csdK;NyD;&if reufpmpm;zdkh olZm toifhNyifxm;vdkufr,faemf ..
aus;Zl;ygyJ olZm a&
xGef;ausmf a&csdK;cef;xJa&mufonftxd wpfrsdK;av;vSum pJGaqmifrI&SdvSaom olZm
&kyfoGifav;udkNrifa,mifaerdonf/ cgao;&ifcsDum wifum; aeyHkav;udk upJGrufp&maumif;vSonf/ t&yfNrifhNrifh
NyD; NzLazG;aomtom;t&nfaBumifh qJGaqmifrItm;u ydkNyD;&Sdvmonf/ 'DreufwGifawmh oeyfcg;a&BuJudk
yg;uGufusm;av;uGufxm;avawmh rdkhrdkhazgif;aeaom yg;NyifESpfzufudk BuLBuLarT;csifp&m aumif;vGef;ygbd/
xGef;ausmf onf olZm tvStyrsm;udkawG;um pdwfrsm;BuGvmNyD; olZmh tay: wGifwyfrufpdwfwdkh ydkrdkvmcJhonf/
a&csdK;NyD;aemuf t0wftpm;vJum xrif;pm;cef;xJodkh xGef;ausmf 0ifvmaomtcg olZm udkrawGh&awmhacs/
xGef;ausmf onf olZm toifhNyifxm;ay;aom Buufom;[if; ESifhyvmwm udk aumfzDESifh arQmNyD;pm;vdkufonfrSm
ukefoavmufyif&Sdawmhrnf? ,ckxufxd olZmh t&dyfta,mifudkrNrif&ao;/ xGef;ausmf onf
pm;aomufNyD;aomtcg yef;uefcGufa,mufrsm; udk rD;zkdacsmif&Sd abpif ay: odkhwifxm;ay;cJhonf/ NyD;aemuf
{nfhcef;zufodkhxGuftvm olZm wdkh om;trd twGufay;xm;aom tcef;a&Shodkh a&mufaomtcg wHcg;onf
tenf;i,f[aeoNzifh bm&,fr[kwfyJ tdyfcef;qDodkh aNcvSrf;vdkufrdonf/ [aeaom wHcg;Bum;rS
tdyfcef;xJodkhvSrf;BunfhvdkufaomtcgwGif Nrifvdkuf&aom NrifuGif;aBumifh xGef;ausmf rSm&ifxJwGif
'def;ueJNzpfoGm;&avonf/
olZm onf ukwifay: wGifyufvufvSefíaeNyD; olrcE¨mukd,f atmufydkif;wGif t0wfr&SdbJ NzLazG;aom
aygifwHESpfacsmif;udk 'l;qpfae&mrSaeNyD; auG;umaxmifxm;onf/ NyD;awmh olrvufwpfzufu
aygifESpfvHk;Bum;wGifxnhfum vufnId;udk olr tacgif;twGif;odkhxdk;umoGif;xm;NyD; xkwfcsnfoGif;csnfNzifh
vkyfumaeonf/
olZm a,musFm;Nzpfol ausmufyJGpm; cifarmif c&D;xGufoGm;onfrSm (2)ywfausmfoGm;NyDNzpfonf/ tdyf,mESifh
a0;aeonfrSm twefBumoGm;NyDNzpfoNzifh olZm wpfa,muf umrqE´rsm; xdef;r&atmif NzpfaeyHk&onf/
'grSr[kwf&ifawmh [kdwpfaehu olZm &ifESpfrTmudk rawmfwq qkyfe,frdovdkNzpfoGm;onf udktpNyKum olZm
onf,ckvdkvkyfum olhudkrsm;NrIqG,faewmvm; [k xGef;ausmf pOf;pm;aerdonf/
b,fvdkyJNzpfNzpf olZm udk&atmifcspfawmhrnf [k pdwfydkif;Nzwfvsuf tdyfcef;twGif;okdh xGef;ausmf
vSrf;um0ifvdkufonf/ wpftdrfvHk;wGif ESpfa,mufxJ&SdoNzifh xGef;ausmf onf tdyfcef;wHcg;udk *sufrxdk;awmhyJ
aph&kHomaphxm;cJhonf/ xGef;ausmf ukwifab;odkha&mufvmonftxd olZm rodao;/ olrrsufvHk;ESpfvHk;udkrSdwfum
vufnId;Nzifhapmufacguf;twGif; cyfoGufoGuf xkwfcsnfoGif;csnfNzifh tvkyf&IyfaeqJ/
wpfxyfwnf;om 0wfxm;aom olr &ifaphtusÐ onf tay: ESdyfoD; ESpfvHk;cefhNyKwfxGufaeoNzihf
0if;rGwfumaeaom olr paeESpfckdif onf wpf0ufwpfysuf NyLwpfumxGufaeonf/ vufnId;Nzifh
xkwfcsnfoGif;csnf vkyfaeaom olr &wema&TBuKwf rSm tawmfyifazgif;um;umaeNyD/ xdkhtNyif tarT;trSif
wpfyifrS r&SdoNzifh tqDw0if;0if; qdkouJhodkh 0if;tdumaeonf/
NyD;awmh xl;xl;Ncm;Ncm; pJGrufp&maumif;aewmuawmh tuJGaBumif;av;twGif;rS wpfvufr av;ykHwpfyHkcefh
tNyifzufodkh aigufawmufav;xGufaeaom olr ywåNrm;aoG;a&mifoef;aeaom &omzl; ac: eDwm&J
apmufaphav;yifNzpfonf/ xGef;ausmf onf OD;pGm ol tusÐudkcRwfvdkufonf/ NyD;rS ol
ykqdk;udkcRwfcsvdkufaomtcgwGif oliyJacsmif; onf waighaighNzifh tpmpm;&awmhrnfudk odaeonfhtvm;
aysmf&TifNrL;xl;pGm axmifrwfaeavonf/ xdkhaemufwGif olZm &Sd&m ukwifay: odkhvSrf;wufvdkufaomtcg
tdk .. udkxGef;ausmf ..

12. vefhoGm;oNzifh olZm onf xxdkifrnfhyHkNzifhvl;vJumxvdkufygao;omnf/ 'gayrJhvnf; xGef;ausmf onf
olrudk,fvHk;av;udkzufum ol udk,fvHk;BuD;Nzifh zdcsvdkufavonf/ NyD;aemuf olr
&ifaphtusÐwGifwyfvsufusefaeaom ESdyfaphrsm;udk wpfcsufwnf;qJGum NzKwfcsvdkufavonf/ olZm
tusÐ&ifywfvnf; tyGifh? xGef;ausmf tirf;r&Nzpfaeaom rsufESmBuD;uvnf; olr paeESpfcdkifqDodkhtusyif
udk udkxGef;ausmf .. rawmfygzl;&Sif .. r r vkyfygeJh ... tif;
olZm onf toHav;wkefwkef,if,ifNzifh Niif;qefygaomfvnf; olr udk,fvHk;av;um; vIyfvDvIyfvJhNzifh olr
EdkhtHkBuD;rsm;udk yifhumwifay;aeonf/ xGef;ausmf onf yxrwpfvHk;udk iHkumpdkhonf/ wpfvHk;NyD;awmh
aemufwpfvHk;udk qufumpdkhay;Nyefonf/ e*dkuyif cyfaxmifaxmifav;Nzpfaeaom olZm EdkhoD;av;rsm;onf
rdkhum aumhcRefwufvmoNzifh ydkNyD;rufarmp&maumif;vmaomaBumifh xGef;ausmf onf olZm
NzLazG;azgif;tdaeaom EdkhtkHom;av;rsm;udk ywfywfvnf tESHh EIwfcrf;NzifhzdqJGvdkuf vQmzsm;av;Nzifhxdk;vdkuf
,ufay;vdkufNzifh ol cspfNcif;trIudkwNznf;Nznf;vIyf&Sm;aeavonf/
aNymír&oNzifhvm; odkhr[kwf raNymcsifavmufatmif umrpdwfrsm;zHk;vTrf;vmaomaBumifhyifvm;rodyg? olZm
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