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28%
http://www.gallup.com/poll/19558/Paranormal-Beliefs-Come-SuperNaturally-Some.aspx
http://goo.gl/Dkp8F
Policy-makers’ reticence towards academic
                   debate




    “Sittin’ on the sidelines...cribbin’ an’ moanin’...”
“...I don’t know how people who engage in that
                                 don’t commit suicide”
2007 General Election




                                    Seats




            1st preferences
        http://www.ronanlyons.com
http://goo.gl/MyPaH
Popular right now: The Internet
Data: http://www.gapminder.org
Hours per day spent on selected
 leisure pursuits, by age (2010)
                                 Relaxing/        Computer use
Age-group       Reading          thinking          (for leisure)
15-19              .12               .11                   .85
20-24              .16               .28                   .65
25-34              .13               .18                   .37
35-44              .16               .24                   .29
45-54              .24               .25                   .19
55-64              .35               .26                   .29
65-74              .62               .55                   .38
75+                .85               .64                   .49
            (US) Bureau of Labor Statistics
            http://www.bls.gov/news.release/atus.t11.htm
@ThreeShipsMedia
HTTP://XKCD.COM/386/
February 28, 1998
BMJ (2011), 8 Jan & 15 Jan
“Failed in your duties”
“Acted against the interests    28 January 2010
of your patients”
Lancet paper was
“dishonest”, “irresponsible”,
and “misleading”, in several
respects and overall
Overall finding of “serious
professional misconduct”
www.ageofautism.com, 16 February 2010
The 10 worst anti-science websites
            via skeptoid.com
Science vs. Pseudoscience
            Differences of principle
   Pseudoscience                      Science
   Avoids falsifiability        Valorises falsifiability

Vagueness in measurement     Accuracy in measurement

 Unproven as false = true   Unproven as false = unproven

    Confirmation bias          Emphasis on refutation

    Lack of parsimony        Prioritization of parsimony

Reversed burden of proof    Burden on claimant, not critic
Science vs. Pseudoscience
              Differences of practice
     Pseudoscience                     Science
       Secrecy of data            Publication of data
 Science by press conference          Peer review
  Argument “ad hominem”           Argument “ad rem”
     Anecdotal evidence           Empirical evidence
      Appeals to holism         Appeals to reductionism
Lack of theoretical agreement   Acceptance of paradigms
Exaggerated importance of key
                                   Shared endeavour
           persons
Pseudoscientific features in the MMR-
autism controversy
 • Science by press
   conference
 • Secrecy of data
 • Vagueness in
   measurement
 • Confirmation bias
 • Reversed burden of proof
 • Exaggerated importance of
   key contributors
 • Argument “ad hominem”
 • Anecdotal evidence
THE
END

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Literacy in the 21st Century: Word, web, woo

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  • 4. 28%
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  • 8. Policy-makers’ reticence towards academic debate “Sittin’ on the sidelines...cribbin’ an’ moanin’...” “...I don’t know how people who engage in that don’t commit suicide”
  • 9. 2007 General Election Seats 1st preferences http://www.ronanlyons.com
  • 11. Popular right now: The Internet
  • 13. Hours per day spent on selected leisure pursuits, by age (2010) Relaxing/ Computer use Age-group Reading thinking (for leisure) 15-19 .12 .11 .85 20-24 .16 .28 .65 25-34 .13 .18 .37 35-44 .16 .24 .29 45-54 .24 .25 .19 55-64 .35 .26 .29 65-74 .62 .55 .38 75+ .85 .64 .49 (US) Bureau of Labor Statistics http://www.bls.gov/news.release/atus.t11.htm
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  • 27. BMJ (2011), 8 Jan & 15 Jan
  • 28. “Failed in your duties” “Acted against the interests 28 January 2010 of your patients” Lancet paper was “dishonest”, “irresponsible”, and “misleading”, in several respects and overall Overall finding of “serious professional misconduct”
  • 30. The 10 worst anti-science websites via skeptoid.com
  • 31. Science vs. Pseudoscience Differences of principle Pseudoscience Science Avoids falsifiability Valorises falsifiability Vagueness in measurement Accuracy in measurement Unproven as false = true Unproven as false = unproven Confirmation bias Emphasis on refutation Lack of parsimony Prioritization of parsimony Reversed burden of proof Burden on claimant, not critic
  • 32. Science vs. Pseudoscience Differences of practice Pseudoscience Science Secrecy of data Publication of data Science by press conference Peer review Argument “ad hominem” Argument “ad rem” Anecdotal evidence Empirical evidence Appeals to holism Appeals to reductionism Lack of theoretical agreement Acceptance of paradigms Exaggerated importance of key Shared endeavour persons
  • 33. Pseudoscientific features in the MMR- autism controversy • Science by press conference • Secrecy of data • Vagueness in measurement • Confirmation bias • Reversed burden of proof • Exaggerated importance of key contributors • Argument “ad hominem” • Anecdotal evidence
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