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Artisanal Cheese
and the Future of Work
azeem.azhar@exponentialview.co
@azeem
www.exponentialview.co
Gaspard Clair Français Marie-Riche de Prony
1791
Task: Mapping France
after the revolution
www.exponentialview.co
Gaspard Clair Français Marie-Riche de Prony
1791
Task: Mapping France
after the revolution
Approach: Hire human
computers and store data
in cache
www.exponentialview.co
Tables de Prony
www.exponentialview.co
www.exponentialview.co
Computers can catch up with
‘human abilities’
www.exponentialview.co
Computers can catch up with
‘human abilities’
AI system LipNet
93.4% of words correctly
Human lip-readers
52.3% of words correctly
www.exponentialview.co
Computers can catch up with
‘human abilities’
Microsoft speech recognition
error rates 5.8%
Human speech recognition
error rates 5.9%
www.exponentialview.co
Computers can catch up with
‘human abilities’
Sketch-a-Net identified type of bird in sketches
42.5% of the time
Humans identified type of bird in sketches
24.8% of the time
www.exponentialview.co
Predictions of current automation
47% of US jobs are at 'high risk' of automation
in the next 1-2 decades
Frey and Osborne, 2013
Typists, personal assistants, bank and post
office clerks, assemblers are between 85-99%
probability of automation;
there is 1% probability nurses, teachers,
educators will be replaced.
Deloitte, The Impact of
Technology on Jobs in
the UK, 2013
35% of UK jobs are at 'high risk' of automation
in the next 1-2 decades
Deloitte, The Future of
Work, 2017
www.exponentialview.co
Does automation kill jobs?
www.exponentialview.co
The ATM (didn’t) steal my job
www.exponentialview.co
The Lump of Labour Fallacy
www.exponentialview.co
But the picture is mixed
www.exponentialview.co
Labour market shifts
In areas exposed to industrial robots both employment
and wages decline in robust and significant manner
[between 1990 and 2007]
One more robot per thousand workers reduces
aggregate employment to population ratio by about
0.34 percentage points
Acemoglu and Restreppo, 2017
www.exponentialview.co
Employees to support $5bn in revenues
0
1
3
4
5
6
Blockbuster (1) Blockbuster (2) Netflix
90k 59k
2k
www.exponentialview.co
The dematerialising company
0
7.5
15
22.5
30
GM (1979) Microsoft (2015) Facebook (2015)
Rev/employee Mktcap/employee
www.exponentialview.co
XKCD Comics
www.exponentialview.co
www.exponentialview.co
A world where computers can do everything better
www.exponentialview.co
Automated perfection will be common place, human
imperfection will be relatively scarcer
www.exponentialview.co
The human-made will be valuable because it is rare
www.exponentialview.co
The Lump of Labour Fallacy
www.exponentialview.co
🧀 🔮 🙌
www.exponentialview.co
🧀 🔮 🙌
@azeem
azeem.azhar@exponentialview.co
www.exponentialview.co
www.exponentialview.co
Mass production of perfect
www.exponentialview.co
www.exponentialview.co
But is there enough for an artisan economy?
🙋🧀
🧀
Perfect Human
No Yes
Yes No
Experiential, discretionary,
intimate
High risk, reliable,
repetitive
🧀 🧀🧀♂️
👬 🌴
💉 👮🧀
✈️ 📚
www.exponentialview.co
The Lump of Labour Fallacy
www.exponentialview.co
🧀 🔮 🙌
www.exponentialview.co
🧀 🔮 🙌
@azeem
azeem.azhar@exponentialview.co
www.exponentialview.co
www.exponentialview.co
Mass production of perfect
www.exponentialview.co
www.exponentialview.co
de Prony’s cheese makers?
www.exponentialview.co
🧀 🔮 🙌
@azeem
azeem.azhar@exponentialview.co
www.exponentialview.co

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The future of work and artisanal cheese