NISO/Internet Archive Meeting on Social Bookmarking and Annotation
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Presentation of OAC to group interested in standardizing annotation and bookmarking of eBooks, including academics, publishers, start-ups and funding agencies.
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NISO/Internet Archive Meeting on Social Bookmarking and Annotation
- 1. Open Annotation Collaboration Overview h"p://www.openannota-on.org/ Robert Sanderson – rsanderson@lanl.gov azaroth42@gmail.com Herbert Van de Sompel – herbertv@lanl.gov hvdsomp@gmail.com Digital Library Research and Prototyping Team Los Alamos NaDonal Laboratory, USA This research was funded by the Andrew W. Mellon FoundaDon. Acknowledgements: Tim Cole, Anna Gerber, Tom Habing, Bernhard Haslhofer, Jane Hunter, Ray Larson, Cliff Lynch, Michael Nelson, Doug Reside Open Annotation Collaboration Overview NISO/IA Bookmarking and Annotation Meeting, NYC, 26th May 2011
- 2. Open Annotation Collaboration • Project Partners: • Los Alamos National Laboratory • University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign • University of Queensland • University of Maryland • George Mason University • Funding: Andrew W. Mellon Foundation • Discussion Group: http://groups.google.com/group/oac-discuss Open Annotation Collaboration Overview NISO/IA Bookmarking and Annotation Meeting, NYC, 26th May 2011
- 3. Current Annotation Systems • Repository-centric, with local identifiers • Need to rethink in terms of the Web and global URIs • Annotations stuck in silos: • Only consumable in original client/server combination • Can not create cross-system services to merge or enrich • Focus on annotation for scholarly purposes • But desire to make the OAC framework more broadly usable • Need tools, communities, integration of scholarly communication with other areas of discourse Open Annotation Collaboration Overview NISO/IA Bookmarking and Annotation Meeting, NYC, 26th May 2011
- 4. Basic Model The basic model has three resources: • Annotation (an RDF document) • Body (the comment) • Target (the resource the Body is about) Open Annotation Collaboration Overview NISO/IA Bookmarking and Annotation Meeting, NYC, 26th May 2011
- 5. Basic Model Example Open Annotation Collaboration Overview NISO/IA Bookmarking and Annotation Meeting, NYC, 26th May 2011
- 6. Segments of Resources • Most annotations are about part of a resource • Different segments for different media types: • Text: paragraph, arbitrary span of words • Image: rectangular or arbitrary shaped area • … • We introduce a method of constraining resources • Can be applied to either Body or Target resource • Use media-specific fragment URIs • Use W3C Media Fragments URI specification • Introduce an approach for arbitrarily complex segments Open Annotation Collaboration Overview NISO/IA Bookmarking and Annotation Meeting, NYC, 26th May 2011
- 7. Constraints • ConstrainedTarget resource identifies the segment of interest • Normally a UUID URI that cannot be dereferenced • Constraint resource describes the segment of interest Open Annotation Collaboration Overview NISO/IA Bookmarking and Annotation Meeting, NYC, 26th May 2011
- 8. Constraint Example Open Annotation Collaboration Overview NISO/IA Bookmarking and Annotation Meeting, NYC, 26th May 2011
- 9. Sharing Annotations • OAC is designed for publically sharing Annotations • No built in User/Group/Permissions system • Can protect web resources with regular techniques • Scholars want flexible sharing options (class, project, peers…) • Possible marketplace for systems that filter/rank annotations • OAC Clients are autonomous • Not an annotation protocol, but a data model plus a publish/ subscribe mechanism • No reliance on a server to generate annotations Open Annotation Collaboration Overview 9 NISO/IA Bookmarking and Annotation Meeting, NYC, 26th May 2011
- 10. Protocol (Annotea) publish, subscribe, consume Open Annotation Collaboration Overview 1 NISO/IA Bookmarking and Annotation Meeting, NYC, 26th May 2011
- 11. Publish/Subscribe (OAC) publish subscribe consume Open Annotation Collaboration Overview 1 NISO/IA Bookmarking and Annotation Meeting, NYC, 26th May 2011
- 12. Lessons Learnt • Hardest thing is to define the scope of "Annotation"! • Requirement for expressiveness in segmentation • URI Fragments are insufficient • Can't merge Identifier and Description • Distrust of quoting passages: enough annotations and the entire text is available • Yet equal distrust of character offsets, as the text may change • Motivating public rather than private annotations is important • Filtering un-interesting public annotations equally important! Open Annotation Collaboration Overview 1 NISO/IA Bookmarking and Annotation Meeting, NYC, 26th May 2011
- 13. Advantages of OAC for eBooks • Already strong and growing community • Research and modeling has been both deep and broad • Enables complicated scholarly use cases • Complexity scales up from simple to promote broad adoption • Very interested in eBook requirements • Crucial use case for both scholarly and general adoption • Textual constraints not yet standardized, and very important • Lack of network protocol important in offline eBook annotations Open Annotation Collaboration Overview 1 NISO/IA Bookmarking and Annotation Meeting, NYC, 26th May 2011
- 14. http://www.openannotation.org/ Open Annotation Collaboration Overview NISO/IA Bookmarking and Annotation Meeting, NYC, 26th May 2011