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1. PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND GOVERNANCE
Prepared by: Irish Verone Polidario

2. What is CITIZENSHIP
Citizenship is a membership in a political
community which is personal and more or
less permanent in character.

3. Section 1, Article IV of the 1987 Philippine
Constitution identified the citizens of the
Philippines as:
1. Those who are citizens of the Philippines at the
time of the adoption of this Constitution;
2. Those whose fathers and mothers are citizens of
the Philippines;

4. 3. Those born before January 17, 1973, of Filipino
mothers, who elect Philippine citizenship upon
reaching the age of majority which is 21 years old;
and
4. Those who are naturalized in accordance with law.

5. Natural-born citizens are those who are
citizens of the Philippines from birth without
having to perform any act to acquire or
perfect their citizenship (Sec. 2, Article IV)

6. By birth
By naturalization
What is NATURALIZATION?
It is a legal process which those persons who are formerly citizens
of other countries has applied for naturalization in accordance with
law in a certain state in order to become a citizen of that country.

7. There are 2 general principles applicable to this mode.
They are:
1. JUS SANGUINIS- literally means “law of blood”.
2. JUS SOLI- literally means “law of the soil”.
(place of birth)

8. Natural-Born Citizen
Naturalized Citizen
A natural-born citizen is one who is already a citizen
of the state at the time of birth. He does not perform an
act to acquire or perfect his citizenship.
A naturalized citizen is one who is a citizen of one
country and who through an intervening act which is
naturalization, becomes a citizen of another country.

9. Loss and Reacquisition of
Philippine Citizenship
 (Sec. 3, Article IV of the Philippine Constitution)
a. Expatriation- an act when a citizen gives up or loses his
citizenship.
a. Repatriation- an act of reacquiring or returning to one’s original
citizenship (Nebres, 2007)