5. LUNG ABSCESS TYPE OF NECROSIS:- LIQUEFACTIVE HALL MARK:- Grossly:- Purulent Exudate(PUS) Microscopically:- Complete destruction of the tissue and loss of the architecture(We can see Cell debris, infiltrates of lymphocytes, and Fibres)- Though alveoli and other pulmonary structures can be differentiated depending on the level of lung absess TYPE OF INFLAMMATION:-CAN BE ACUTE OR CHRONIC
6. LEVELS OF LUNG ABSCESS MINIMAL:- We can appreciate the Pulmonary struct. MODERATE:- Most of the pulmonary parenchyma are involved in the necrosis LATENT:- We can rarely appreciate the Pulmonary structures(Most of the tissue has been destroyed) ***Commonest cause is aspiration of infected particles****
9. MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION TYPE OF NECROSIS:- COAGULATIVE HALLMARK:- The necrosed Cells appear more eosinophilic(Dark pinkish) Infiltrates and PMNs become prominent(Neutrophils Spec) PYKNOSIS:- Nuclear condensation KARYOLYSIS:- Nuclear Dissolution KARYORRHEXIS:- Fragmentation of nucleus into granules Type Of inflammation:- Acute
10. MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION Kidneys and Heart have only one blood supply unlike other organs Because of this reason these organs are very sensitive to oxygen deprivation and due to this they usually undergo infarction in any ischemic conditionsâŠ.. When we think of infarction its Most commonly HEART AND KIDNEYS
11. 2 The nucleus seems to have undergone Pyknosis Karyorrhexis MI is Acute type of Inflammation So there are a lot of PMNs Notice that the Architecture of the Myocardium is still preserved But the Structures within the cells (Nucleus And cytoplasmic) are not clear..
12. Acute Pancreatitis Type of Necrosis:- Enzymatic Fat Necrosis Hallmark:- Necrotic fat cells have cloudy appearance The necrotic area is surrounded by inflammatory reactions Type of inflammation:- Acute Notice the Architecture being still intact
14. 3 Site of Necrosis Necrotic Tissue Cloudy appearace due to Autodigestion by Lipase Inflammatory Reaction
15. Pulmonary Tuberculosis Type of Necrosis:- Caseous( Coagulative+Liqufaction) Hallmark:- Chessy appearance Granuloma Epitheliod cells(they are simply modified macrophages) Giant Cells:-(Many macrophages combine and form Giant cell) Two types---Langhans and Foreign body Giant cells CAUSE:- Mycobacterium tuberculosis Type of inflammation:- Chronic
17. TB of the Lymph nodes Type of Necrosis:- Caseous HALLMARK:- Purple color- Epithelioid cells Pink Color:- Granuloma M. Tuberculosis if not removed from the lungs is taken up by the lymph⊠Through Lympho-Heamtogenous distribution M. Tuberculosis is spread to different organs
18. 5 PINK COLORED GRANULOMA IS THE SITE OF NECROSIS PURPLE COLORED ARE THE EPITHELIOD CELLS
19. Tuberculosis of Intestines Type of Necrosis:- Caseous Hallmark:- In intestines there is Tunica muscularis which helps in differentiating lung and intesting TB Granuloma Epithelioid cells Giant cells
20. 6 Site of necrosis (Granuloma) Inflammatory Reaction Where epithelioid cells are visible
23. 7 IMPT HALL MARK OF ACUTE APPENDICITIS PMNs SPECIALLY NEUTROPHILS Tunica Muscularis
24. TUBERCULOID LEPROSY-SKIN It is a Chronic type of Inflammation Cause:- Infection by Mycobacterium leprae Hallmark:- Granuloma in Dermis Foamy cells or Leprae cells in Dermis Epithelioid cells
26. 8 Giant cells Foam cells or Leprae cells Granuloma in the Dermis Epithelioid cells
27. Renal infarction Kidney and Heart have only one main blood supply Because of this reason these organs are very sensitive to oxygen deprivation and due to this they usually undergo infarction in any ischemic conditionsâŠ.. Hallmark:- The cells look more eosinophilic,karyolysis And karyorrhexis can be seen When we think of infarction its Most commonly HEART AND KIDNEYS
29. Renal infarction which we couldnot see during our Demo slides Notice that the structures of Glomerulus and the tubules are still intact But due to protein degeneration which took place due to the ischaemic infarction the nucleus are fragmented and infiltrates of the PMNs can be seen(This make it more eosinophilic)
31. Cells elevated in different kinds of infections Bacterial infection:- Neutrophils Neutrophils contain Myeloperixidase which helps in the O2 dependant pathogen destruction by forming free radicals (Neutrophils will convert into monocytes after their action due to their short life span) Viral Infection:-Lymphocytes Lymphocytes will release interferons which in turn will help makes the process of virus recognizition through receptors more effective Parasitic infection:-Eosinophils There are granules in Eosinophils which contains neurotoxins,andeosionophilperoxidaseâ neurotoxins are harmful to parasites
39. TYPICAL LANGHANâS CELL HORSE SHOE SHAPED Nucleus are arranged on the Periphery so the the infection does Not spread further GIANT CELLS Foreign body Giant cell TYPICAL FOREIGN BODY GIANT CELL NUCLEUS ARE SCATTERED
40. 15 SLIDE MADE FROM BLOOD TISSUE PATHOLOGY:- MULTIPLE MYELOMA PLASMA CELLS CONTINUE TO BE IN G-2 PHASE SO WE SEE SO MANY PLASMA CELLS IN BLOOD DURING THIS CODITION HPO TYPICAL PLASMA CELL CART/ WHEEL SHAPE NUCLES LPO RUSSLE BODIES
