Awareness Inaugural Meeting Amsterdam 2010

Inaugural Meeting for
AWARENESS partners
14-15 December 2010
Amsterdam

FP7: FET Proactive Intiative: Self-Awareness in Autonomic Systems
(AWARENESS)

Monday, 3 January 2011

Introductions


Meeting objectives

Get to know each other better
Understand the Awareness projects better
Appreciate areas of commonality and where we can work
closer together
Understand AWARE’s activities and how you can participate,
or how you can influence these
Appreciate where the AWARE CA can help your project
Get to know each other better !


Agenda
Tuesday Wednesday

Lunch FET conference May 2011
Introduction of each project Awareness summer school’11
(approx 15 mins each)
Training materials
Overview of AWARE CA
Workshops
Coffee
Website
Community Building
Publicity and Dissemination Newsletters and shared info
Training activities Research exchanges
Emerging Research Themes Roadmapping
Online Features Magazine Common Days
Dinner Lunch


ASCENS:
Autonomic Service-Component Ensembles
The ASCENS approach will focus on service-
component ensembles (SCEs), hierarchical ensembles
built from service components (SCs), simpler SCEs
and knowledge units (K) connected via highly dynamic
infrastructure.

Partners:
LMU Munich
Università di Pisa
Università di Firenze
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft
VERIMAG Laboratory
Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia Prof. Dr. Martin Wirsing (Coordinator)
Lero - University of Limerick Universität München,
Institut für Informatik
Universite Libre de Bruxelles
EPF Lausanne
Volkswagen AG
Zimory GmbH
ISTI (Third Party)


EPiCS:
Engineering Proprioception in Computing Systems
The EPiCS project aims at laying the foundation for engineering the
novel class of proprioceptive computing systems. Proprioceptive
computing systems collect and maintain information about their
state and progress, which enables self-awareness by reasoning
about their behaviour, and self-expression by effectively and
autonomously adapt their behaviour to changing conditions.

Partners:
University of Paderborn
Imperial College London
University of Oslo
Klagenfurt University
University of Birmingham
EADS Innovation Works, Munich
Prof. Dr. Marco Platzner
Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (Coordinator)
Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Vienna University of Paderborn


RECOGNITION:
Relevance and cognition for self-awareness in a
content-centric Internet
The RECOGNITION project concerns new approaches for
embedding self-awareness in ICT systems. This will be
based on the cognitive processes that the human species
exhibits for self-awareness, seeking to exploit the fact that
humans are ultimately the fundamental basis for high
performance autonomic processes.

Partners:
Cardiff University Prof. Roger M. Whitaker
Italian National Research Council (Coordinator)
University of Cambridge Cardiff University
National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
Eurécom
University of Florence


SAPERE:
Self-Aware Pervasive Service Ecosystems
The objective of SAPERE is the development of a highly-
innovative theoretical and practical framework for the
decentralized deployment and execution of self-aware
and adaptive services for future and emerging pervasive
network scenarios.

Partners:

Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia

Prof. Franco Zambonelli Birkbeck College – University of London
(Coordinator)
Università di Modena
The University Court of the University of St Andrews
e Reggio Emilia
Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna

Johannes Kepler Universitaet Linz


SYMBRION:
Symbiotic Evolutionary Robot Organisms
(funded by PerAda)
The main focus of SYMBRION is to investigate and develop novel principles
of adaptation and evolution for symbiotic multi-robot organisms based on
bio-inspired approaches and modern computing paradigms. Such robot
organisms consist of super-large-scale swarms of robots, which can dock
with each other and symbiotically share energy and computational
resources within a single artificial-life-form.

Partners

Universitaet Stuttgart
Universitaet Graz
Vrije Universiteit
Universitaet Karlsruhe
Flanders Institute for Biotechnology
University of the West of England, Bristol
Eberhard Karls Universitaet Tuebingen Serge Kernbach (Coordinator)
University of York ( Universitaet Stuttgart
Universite Libre de Bruxelles
Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et Automatique


Overview of AWARE
AWARE Coordination Action in
Self-Awareness in Autonomic Systems


Main Objectives: what we hope to achieve

To encourage greater cooperation and exchange between projects
funded under the FET Proactive Initiative Awareness
To support researchers and encourage international collaboration
To improve visibility for the grand challenges and methodological
approaches identified by this community
To support training activities including summer schools and
exchange activities
To help expand a repository of knowledge for researchers (improved
synchronisation of concepts, terminology, approaches, etc)
To organise a range of workshops and research consultation events
To promote the field more widely, generating interest with
publishers, national science funding agencies, and within
commercial environments.


Main Activities

Website: a constant presence and focal point for the community, providing
information across a range of topics for a variety of users
A series of workshops for learning, information dissemination and knowledge
transfer opportunities
Research exchanges to encourage greater interdisciplinary research
Summer schools to train the next generation of researchers and extending
skills to the whole community
Research consultations and future roadmapping activities
Newsletters to provide regular updates of research news and events
An online Magazine promoting features on self-awareness research
The Awareness Book aimed at the general science public and considering
wider socio-technical, socio-political and/or environmental impact
Documentaries, including website videos and other promotional vidoes to
create a coherent thematic narrative of Awareness research aimed at engaging a
wider audience.


Main Activities

All Coordination Actions aim to provide good cross-over between activities and
the AWARE team works closely together

Community Building: Emma Hart
Publicity and Dissemination: Jeremy Pitt
Training: Gusz Eiben, Martijn Schut and Willem van Willigen
Emerging Research Themes: Giacomo Cabri
Supported by Jennifer Willies, Ingi Helgason and Callum Egan
AWARE Project Coordinator: Ben Paechter


Community Building

Why are we doing this?

Encourage research exchange and development
Support interdisciplinary research across national and international
boundaries
Develop activities, promote events and disseminate useful materials
To encourage greater cooperation and exchange between people interested
in self-awareness


Community Building Activities

Website as unified resource for Awareness community

Gather and publicise information about research and
researchers, publications, surveys, articles; conference and workshop
details; training materials

Regular AWARE newsletters and informative mailings

Workshops events in key research areas, ideally at major conferences
preferred by Awareness projects

Annual exchange event involving all Awareness-funded projects
aimed at cross-cutting themes and roadmapping objectives

Encourage greater international research cooperation by
offering travel bursaries to researchers and inviting key international
experts to Awareness events


Publicity and Dissemination


Promote a common understanding of the science, technology and applications
of self-aware systems across the range of Awareness projects.

Publicise and disseminate research results from the Awareness initiative, in
an informative and accessible manner, through a number of conventional and
innovative media.

Create lasting impact by producing tangible products whose utility to
researchers and students will extend beyond the lifespan of the project


Publicity and Dissemination Activities

Website, promoting the public face of self-awareness in autonomic
systems

Online Awareness magazine showcasing success stories and
highlighting innovation and development in a popular science journalistic
style

Awareness newsletter promoting ASCENS, EPiCS, RECOGNITION,
SAPERE, SYMBRION and Awareness activities and events

Awareness book, an edited volume aimed at the general science public
explaining the implications for science research

Awareness documentaries demonstrating project results, interviews
with leading researchers to be disseminated via Awareness website, You
Tube, and at workshops, science fairs, FET events


Training


To promote training as a form of knowledge transfer to help influence
European commercial competitiveness
To organise educational and training activities
To produce training materials useful to academia and industry


Training Activities

Three summer schools, particularly aimed at PhD students, post-docs
or those new to the field

Production of training materials for an academic course (8-12 weeks)
and an educated layman seminar (1-3 hours)

Collation of presentations from conferences to assist researchers

Build and maintain a web-based knowledge distribution system
Work with Awareness-funded projects to develop suitable training
events


Emerging Research Themes


Research pathfinding involving the Awareness community to determine
strategic research directions

To identify potential for interdisciplinary cooperation across communities
involved in Awareness-related research themes

To identify emerging research problems, key knowledge gaps and strategic
developmental areas for problems related to self-aware and autonomic systems


Research Agenda Activities

Organising open web consultations to promote continuous dialogues
including blog- and video interviews involving the Awareness projects

Organising consultation events bringing together researchers to
identify key research issues (eg at FET11, main conferences)

Surveying and roadmapping within the Awareness community to provide
an overview of research issues related to self-awareness in
autonomic systems

Identifying potential synergies and complementarities within the
research groups involved in the Awareness community, as well as with
groups involved in other FET Proactive Initiatives

Monitoring relevant international research activities and initiatives


Specific Areas for
Collaboration

Online Awareness magazine

Similar to PerAda magazine

60 feature articles
highlighting innovation, like
a journal

Promotion and explanation
in 800 words; written in
popular science style like
New Scientist

Opportunity for wide
audience and increase
citations

Recommendations for good
research stories


Awareness Keyword Cloud


Adaptation

• Adaption on multiple timescales
• Organised adaptation
• Adaptation to hostile situations
• Adaptation to changing environments
• Adaptation for robustness


Evolution/Emergence
Evolution Emergence
• Evolution of new • Emergent Systems
collective behaviours • Emergent behaviours
• Open-ended evolution


Self-*
Self-properties Self-awareness
• Self-expression • of state
• Self-optimisation • about environment
• Self-organising networks • of context
• Self-organisation • collective self-awareness
• situation awareness


Awareness of me

• How do others see me ?
• Look-* self-awareness
• Is the environment aware of me ?


Learning/Behaviour

• Learning
• Cognition
• Filtering
• Characteristics of behaviours
• Opportunistic behaviour
• Knowledge
• Knowledge-intensive systems


Distribution and collectives
Distributed Collectives
• Decentralised systems • Collective intelligence
• Distributed artiﬁcial • Global behaviour – local
intelligence decisions
• Robust distributed • Coordination
systems technologies
• Distributed Control • Collaborative decision
making


System Properties

Robust/Resilient Others!
• Fault tolerance • Relevant
• Robustness to sub-ideal • Out of control
operation • Homeostasis
• Resilience • Efficient
• Autonomous


Socially Inspired

• Social media
• Social cognition
• Human cognition
• Human in the loop
• Augmented society
• Social networking
• Socio-technical combinatorics


Services/Systems

• Adaptive middleware
• Architecture support for adaptivity
• Self-joining services
• Common services (middleware)
• Service oriented architecture
• Autonomic service components


Information and Modelling
Information/Recognition Models
• Introspection about • Meta-modelling of run-
norms and conventions time behaviour
• Utility of information • Organisational models
• Intention recognition • Modelling the
• Event recognition environment
• modelling inner state


Techniques/Systems
Techniques Systems
• Bio-inspired computing • Multi-agent systems
• Stream computing • Ensembles
• Software-engineering • Self-governing
• Pervasive computing ensembles
• Social computing • Cloud computing
• E-mobility • Sensor networks
• Languages • Eco system
• Robot swarms
• Measurement
• Autonomous systems


Questions
• How does self-awareness relate to self-* ?
• How are self-aware systems designed ?
• What are meaningful applications of self-
awareness ?
• How do we program such systems ?
• How do we enable innovations ?


FET11: 4-6 May in Budapest
From FET11 Call for Sessions:
Should address a topic that is embryonic, multidisciplinary,
transformative or foundational.
Open consultation and
Should aim to present state-of-the-art, develop broad visions and
networking session on common new concepts and identify resulting challenges for frontier
related to self-awareness in research.
autonomic systems Should feature a broad range of views, enabling different
disciplines to come together and engage in a dialogue that creates
a wider context.
90 mins: decide best format Highly interactive & unconventional session designs are welcome.

Selection criteria based on
What are the key issues to 1. Scientific and technological content
• novelty and interest of proposed topic, including possible creation
address? of new area or transformation of existing area
• quality of proposed speakers
• relevance to Future and Emerging Information Technologies
Proposal limited to 500 words • impact on science, technology or science policy
• building of new collaborations, in particular across disciplines
and deadline is 15 Jan 2. Target group
• key people/communities identified (e.g. diversity of actors)
• level (not aimed too narrow/technical or too broad)
• likely interest from addressed communities
3. Design and preparation
• quality of session design
• opportunity for interaction


Awareness Summer School 2011

Summer School 2011:

Early September : 5-6 days

Countryside, mountains or seaside :
accommodation included

Anticipated numbers 25-35

Format: lectures and teamwork projects,
practical examples, good social events, end-of-
week presentations

Participants: PhD students, post-docs, yours?


Awareness Training Materials

Aim: to set up teaching repository on awareness

Focus now is downloadable slides/presentations

Focus later: might include text book

Templates for consistency wrt formatting and layout, but also wrt
content, terminology, concepts etc

Input from summer school teaching materials, Awareness project,
workshops

Weekend lock-in in a nice place!

Output to open courseware, tutorials, ITunesU, mobile apps (iOS,
Android)

Bottom up process - input from projects

Visualisation and tag-cloud development


Workshop Planning

Organisation of workshops and support for workshops

Topics for workshops

What are the main conferences to aim for?

SASO 2011: Michigan Oct (SAPARE plus AWARENESS
workshop)

ICAS 2011 Venice May

ICAC 2012 (intl conf autonomic computing)

SAKS 2011 Kiel, March

SAAES 2011 Algarve March

SEAMS 2011, Waikiki May

IROS San Francisco Sept

ACM-SAC


current website: www.aware-project.eu

More than the sum of our parts

Wordpress blog

Uses model of magazine/newspaper

Conversational (commenting system)

Main point of entrance to Awareness

Tagged navigation: highly optimised for
findability

Multimedia content for maximum publicity
on activities and events

Repository for resources, CFPs, surveys

RSS/Twitter/Facebook


Optimisation of Awareness
for search engines
• the key is to get the Information Architecture
right
• reciprocal linking is hugely important, esp. for a
ubiquitous term such as awareness
• keyword/phrase/theme density in web writing is
equally important
• integrating the websites will help to push all sites
up the search engine rankings
• by creating a highly visible research portal our
research community will grow in numbers and
across borders
• please contact me with any keywords/phrases/
themes that are core to this research domain:
callum.egan@napier.ac.uk
• please link from your homepage to ours and link
from your own web pages to each others and
ours (thus, creating an AWARENESS network)


Awareness website

Interviews and short films on different
subjects

Explaining project research to wider
audiences

Awareness project documentaries


Newsletters, documentaries and
shared information

Newsletters publicising project research, Awareness events,
what is going on

Documentaries and website video clip

Let us help you with your project!

Let us capture your passions, your beliefs and your views on
different subjects


Research exchanges

Six monthly simple application process

Aimed at multi-disciplinary collaboration between academics and/or
industry

Contribution to travel/accommodation costs (need match funding, or in
kind)

Short article for website to follow


Roadmapping consultations
Online blogging: how will this work?

Keyword recombination

What information researchers expect to find,
and how will this help?

Online videos with experts’ opinions

Consultation events: what are the best
formats and who to involve?

How best to represent the Living Document,
how and who to shape it?


Awareness Common Days

First to be organised around Reviews next Oct?

Or at other suitable events?

Common subjects appropriate to most/all projects?

How to collate ideas and move forward?


What else can Awareness do for you?

Other ideas?

Over to you!

Contact us : www.aware-project.eu
Jennifer Willies: j.willies@napier.ac.uk

Callum Egan: callum.egan@napier.ac.uk

Ingi Helgason: i.helgason@napier.ac.uk


ASCENS Project

Martin Wirsing, Matthias Hölzl, Nora Koch
LMU Munich, Germany

AWARENESS meeting
Amsterdam, 14.12.2010

Future Emerging
Technologies

www.ascens-ist.eu

Partners

 LMU Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
 UNIPI Università di Pisa
 UDF Università di Firenze together with
 ISTI Istituto di Scienza e Tecnologie della Informazione “A. Faedo”
 Fraunhofer Fraunhofer Gesellschaft (FIRST, Berlin)
 VERIMAG Université Joseph Fourier Grenoble 1 (VERIMAG Lab.)
 UNIMORE Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia Italy
 ULB Université Libre de Bruxelles Belgium
 EPFL Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
 VW Volkswagen AG
 Zimory Zimory
 UL University of Limerick (with University of Dublin)

Seite 2

www.ascens-ist.eu 2

Goal

Autonomous Service-Component
Ensembles

Seite 3

www.ascens-ist.eu 3

Goal

Ensembles

Seite 4

www.ascens-ist.eu 4

Goal

Ensembles

Heterogeneous
Massive number of nodes
Complex interactions or complex nodes
Open-ended, non-deterministic environment
Need to adapt to environment, new requirements

Seite 5

www.ascens-ist.eu 5

Building Ensembles

Open
environments Changing
requirements
Non-determinism

Complexity

Reliable Resilient
Predictable Fault tolerant
Seite 6

www.ascens-ist.eu 6

Overview

Correctness
Foundational
models
Knowledge
Self- Case-studies
awareness

SCEs
Seite 8

www.ascens-ist.eu 8

Overview

Correctness
Foundational
models
Knowledge
Language
Self- Case-studies
awareness Engineering
Tool-integration
platform

SCEs
Seite 9

www.ascens-ist.eu 9

Service-Component Ensembles

Seite 10

www.ascens-ist.eu 10

Research Topics

Language and
Logics

Engineering
Foundational
and
Models
Best Practices

Tools and
Tool Correctness
Integration

Knowledge
Adaptation and
Representation
Dynamic
and
Self-Expression
Self-Awareness
Seite 11


Case Studies

Self-Aware Robots

Science Cloud

e-Mobility
Seite 13


Thank You...

... for your attention!

Seite 14


Engineering Proprioception in Computing Systems
(EPiCS)
— Project Overview —
Marco Pl t
M Platzner
platzner@upb.de

AWARE Meeting
Amsterdam
December 14-15, 2010

Outline
• Proprioceptive Computing Systems: PCS
• EPiCS Consortium
• Applications
• Concepts and Foundations
• Hardware/Software Platform
• Networking and Middleware

Proprioceptive Computing Systems: PCS
• PCS characteristics
– use proprioceptive sensors to monitor “one self”
(concept from psychology, robotics/prosthetics, …, fiction)
– reason about their behaviour (self-awareness)
– effectively and autonomously adapt their behaviour to
changing conditions (self-expression) proprioceptive sensors

• engineering PCS
– transfer concepts of self-awareness/-expression
to computing and networking domains Learning

– optimise performance and resource usage in Self-awareness
response to changing conditions self-adaptive models of
– analyse limits for designing and operating
y g g p g - the environment
- one self
lf
technological systems
Feedback
• study suitability for different application domains
Self expression
Self-expression
– financial modeling on heterogeneous compute clusters
– person detection & tracking on distributed smart cameras self-adaptive strategies

– hypermusic on interactive mobile media systems

Strategy
2

EPiCS Consortium
EPiCS: IP, 09/10-08/14, 8 partners from 5 countries, www.epics-project.eu

1. UPB (DE) University of Paderborn, Marco Platzner (coordinator)
2.
2 IMPERIAL (UK) Imperial C ll
I i l College L d
London, WWayne L k (WP3 l d)
Luk lead)
3. UIO (NO) University of Oslo, Jim Torresen (WP5 lead)
4. UNI-KLU (AT) Klagenfurt University, Bernhard Rinner
5. UOBIRM (UK) University of Birmingham, Xin Yao (WP2 lead)
6. EADS (DE) EADS Innovation Works Munich, Stephan Stilkerich
7. ETHZ (CH) Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, Bernhard Plattner (WP4 lead)
8. AIT (AT) Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH Vienna, Roman Pflugfelder

UNI-KLU,
AIT

ETHZ
IMPERIAL
UPB,
,
UIO
EADS

UOBIRM
3

Applications
• characteristics
– heterogeneous distributed systems, changing topologies, changing environments
– high-performance and embedded computing
– embedded into technical and non-technical contexts
– classic design, operation, and management principles will fail

• heterogeneous compute cluster for financial modelling
– accelerate workloads in data centres and cloud computing systems with latest
hardware technologies (
g (GPU, FPGA)
, )
– case studies: asset pricing and algorithmic trading

• distributed smart cameras for safety and security
– real-time distributed embedded systems for computer vision using multiple cameras
– case studies: person and object detection and tracking

• interactive mobile media system
– active music allows the listener to control and adjust the music based on movements
– case study: hypermusic for joint music experience

4

App: Compute Cluster for Financial Modelling
Gigabit
Infiniband
Heterogeneous Compute Node (HCN) Ethernet

AMD Phenom System
Quad-Core
Q dC Memory

nVidia Tesla Video
240 cores Memory

Xilinx FPGA Multi-Bank
custom logic Memory

System
I/O

PCIe
PCI HCN0
• challenges
– many code variants
HCN1
– different QoS demands
diff tQ Sd d
– dynamic scheduling to optimize
speed or energy
– self-optimization
self optimization and self-verification
self verification
HCNx

5

App: Distributed Smart Cameras
• challenges
– different appearance, occlusion
– coordination of network resources
– cooperation among cameras

cam node cam node cam node

TT Ethernet

middleware

application
mgt node (comp. vision)
6

App: Interactive Mobile Media System
• music • hypermusic
– pre-recorded – programmed, partially pre-recorded
– passive listeners – passive OR active listeners
– control (discrete) – control (continuous)
– start, stop, volume, fast fwd, – energy, expressivity, mood,
rewind, next/previous track beat, pitch, timbre
– social musical interaction

• challenge: extract and analyse motion information from sensors by
machine learning to make new musical systems

Instrument

Sound
Action Controller Mapping Sound
Engine

7

Concepts and Foundations
• research topics
– develop abstract models and clear problems for study
– design algorithms for online learning in uncertain, dynamic, self-organising
self organising
environments, e.g. bio-inspired, consensus, and game-theoretic techniques;
bandit solvers, ensemble learning
– develop mechanisms to ensure desirable global behaviour
– understand the effect of interacting nodes’ objectives,
strategies and behaviour on overall robustness,
Learning
p
performance and qquality of service
y
– exploit self-awareness in order to learn to Self-awareness
self-adaptive models of
anticipate changes in the environment - the environment
– create software toolkit as a testbed and - one se
o e self

demonstration aid Feedback

Self-expression
self-adaptive strategies

Strategy

8

Hardware/Software Platform
applications,
quality of service
Learning CPU core CPU core CPU core
requirements,
q , (hardcore) (softcore) (softcore)
system state sw sw sw
thread thread thread
Self-awareness
novel OS layer novel OS layer novel OS layer

Feedback interconnect

Self-expression novel OS layer novel OS layer
monitoring core
hw hw
thread thread (proprioceptive
sensors)
thread assignment & reconfigurable reconfigurable
hardware core hardware core
migration, hardware Strategy
reconfiguration, power
& thermal management

• research topics
– develop architecture & operating system for autonomous heterogeneous multi core
multi-core
– investigate self-expression through vertical function migration
– investigate self-expression through self-optimisation
– ensuring correctness through self verification
self-verification
– ensuring reliability through thread-level fault tolerance
9

Networking and Middleware
network: threat level,
congestion, error rate,
locality, …
Learning
L i
node: battery status, prediction routing
available hardware,
user demands, Self-awareness
environment, … application
Feedback
monitoring
security
Self-expression

transport
link
protocol graph adaptation, Strategy
hw/sw thread assignment

• research topics
p
– develop autonomous networking architecture based on self-aware node technology
– develop resource-aware middleware enabling horizontal function migration
– investigate in-network self calibration techniques
in network self-calibration
– ensure reliability through network-level fault tolerance
10

RECOGNITION: Relevance and
Cognition for Self‐Awareness in
a Content‐Centric Internet

Stuart M. Allen, Franco Bagnoli, Gualtiero Colombo,
g
Marco Conti, Jon Crowcroft, Chris Jones, Pietro Liò,
Reﬁk Molva, Melek Onen, Andrea Passarella,
Ioannis Stavrakakis, Roger M. Whitaker, Eiko Yoneki
k k h k k k

RECOGNITION overview
1
December 2010

Motivation: Technological Trends
Motivation: Technological Trends
• Participatory generation of content
p yg
– Prosumers, diversity, expanding edges
– Long tail, swamping, scale!
• Content in the environment
– Linkage of the physical and virtual worlds
– Embedding content and knowledge
• Acquiring knowledge through social
q g g g
mechanisms
– Blogging, social networking,
recommendation, RSS feeds…
• How content reaches users will
continue to change…
ti t h
2
December 2010

Self‐awareness to support
technological trends
• Our Intention: Paradigm to support
ICT functions
ICT f ti
– Enabling content centricity
• Better fitting of users to content and vice
Better fitting of users to content and vice
versa
– Synchronize content with human activity
and needs
• Place, time, situation, relevance, context,
social search
social search
– Autonomic management
• Of content, its acquisition and resource
utilization
l
3
December 2010

Human Awareness Behaviours
• A
Approach: Capture & exploit key
h C & l i k
behaviours of the most intelligent
living species
living species
– Human capability is phenomenal in
navigating complex & diverse stimuli
navigating complex & diverse stimuli
– Filter & suppress information in “noisy”
situations with ambient stimuli
– Extract knowledge in presence of
uncertainty
–EExercise rapid value judgment for
i id l j d tf
prioritisation
– Engage a social context and multi‐scale
Engage a social context and multi scale
learning RECOGNITION overview
4
December 2010

Cognitive psychological basis
For awareness and understanding

Defining key principles for exploitation by
technology components
technology components

Embedding these principles for
self‐awareness in autonomic content
acquisition in pervasive environments

Potential change in behaviour due to
self–awareness in ICT

5
December 2010

Overview of Structure
Overview of Structure

UNIFI LEAD
CU LEAD

CNR LEAD

NKUA LEAD UCAM LEAD
6
December 2010

Providing Autonomic Content
Management
• Th
Through Recognition “Nodes”, content becomes as self‐
hR iti “N d ” t tb lf
aware as devices
• Allow individuals to gain content that they didn’t know
g y
they wanted…
• Geo‐Informatics: space, place, time…
– C t t l
Content placement & retrieval based on situation and location
t& t i lb d it ti d l ti
• Storage and forwarding decisions based on relevance from:
– Social context
Social context
– Location & environment
• Trust & security management
– Uncertainty & belief

7
December 2010

Interdisciplinary Dimensions
Interdisciplinary Dimensions
– Complex systems
– Artificial intelligence
– Geo‐informatics
– Cognitive psychology
Cognitive psychology
– Information retrieval
– Communication systems
– Security, trust

8
December 2010

Key Questions…
Key Questions
• Psychology
– What key concepts should be develop/include?
y p p/
– Can these be used in different parts of the project?
• Scenarios
– What contemporary areas of “social computing” are
key to prioritise?
key to prioritise?
– What would have the biggest impact?
– Are there demo’s that could be developed?
• Other questions…….
9
December 2010

Proposal: Psychology areas
Proposal: “Psychology” areas
• Recognition, Probabilistic Mental Models,
b bl l d l
Heuristics
–HHuman characteristics for agents
h t i ti f t
– Decision making under bounded rationality
• Social Learning
Social Learning
– Observing, retaining, learning, replicating (mimicking)
• Spatial Cognition
Spatial Cognition
– Space, place, context
• Belief Desire and Intention models
Belief, Desire and Intention models
– Pulling from different areas of psychology but not fully
grounded
10
December 2010

1 ‐ Relevance Theory
1 Relevance Theory
• Sperber and Wilson
p
– Non‐coding model of communication
– Inferential model taking into account
context via “utterances”
– provide "cognitive effects" worthy of the
processing effort required to find the
processing effort required to find the
meaning
• The speaker purposefully gives a clue to the
hearer
• The hearer infers the intention from the clue
and the context‐mediated information. The
hearer must interpret the clue, taking into
account the context, and surmise what the
speaker intended to communicate.

11
December 2010

2‐ Judgment & Decision Making
2 Judgment & Decision Making
• Work of Daniel Goldstein et al

– Heuristics that make us smart…
• “Take the best” heuristic
• Recognition heuristic

– Bounded rationality
Bounded rationality
• Limited direct knowledge/partial info
• Fast inference has to be made
Fast inference has to be made…

12
December 2010

• Take the best heuristic
Take the best heuristic
– judgment based on multiple criteria
• the criteria are tried one at a time
the criteria are tried one at a time
according to their “cue validity”
• high cue validity for a given feature
g y g
means that the feature or attribute is
more diagnostic of the class membership
than a feature with low cue validity
than a feature with low cue validity
– a decision is made based on the first
discriminating criterion
discriminating criterion
• the heuristic did well at making accurate
inferences in real world environments
13
December 2010

• Recognition heuristic
Recognition heuristic
– If one of two objects is recognized and
the other is not, then infer that the
the other is not then infer that the
recognized object has the higher value
with respect to the criterion.
p
– Sensitive to the criterion
• Methodology for “cue validity”
Methodology for cue validity
– Less‐is‐more effect
• Limited information does not impede
Limited information does not impede
performance (to the contrary!)

14
December 2010

3‐ Spatial Cognition
3 Spatial Cognition
• Human understanding and meaning for
Human understanding and meaning for
ill‐defined but commonly used spatial
terms
• South east…
• South Wales
• Central london
• Use of these in geo‐spatial content
g p
so that it can become self‐aware

15
December 2010

Key Questions…
Key Questions
• Psychology
– What key concepts should be develop/include?
y p p/
– Can these be used in different parts of the project?
• Scenarios
– What contemporary areas of “social computing” are
key to prioritise?
key to prioritise?
– What would have the biggest impact?
– Are there demo’s that could be developed?
• Other questions…….
16
December 2010

Candidate Scenarios
Candidate Scenarios
• Information Retrieval & content provision
– Human awareness when using search engine
interfaces – e.g., automatic cue detection & HCI
• Self‐aware Multimedia and “Active” Data
– MP3, other types of content
– Self‐aware meta‐data for spatial problems
Self‐aware meta‐data for spatial problems
• Social Computing
– Crowd sourcing, recommendation, filtering, micro‐
d i d i fil i i
blogging, tagging

17
December 2010

Cognition for Self‐Awareness in
a Content‐Centric Internet

Stuart M. Allen, Franco Bagnoli, Gualtiero Colombo,
g
Marco Conti, Jon Crowcroft, Chris Jones, Pietro Liò,
Reﬁk Molva, Melek Onen, Andrea Passarella,
Ioannis Stavrakakis, Roger M. Whitaker, Eiko Yoneki
k k h k k k

18
December 2010

SAPERE: Self‐aware Pervasive
Service Ecosystems
Franco Zambonelli
Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia

STREP – 3 years
www.sapere‐project.eu
www sapere‐project eu
AWARE Meeting ‐ December 14, 2010 1

The Consortium
The Consortium

• Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia
– Franco Zambonelli & Marco Mamei
Franco Zambonelli & Marco Mamei
• Birkbeck College University of London
– Giovanna Di Marzo Serugendo
Giovanna Di Marzo
• Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna
– Mirko Viroli & Andrea Omicini
• St. Andrews University
– Simon Dobson
• Johannes Kepler Universitaet Linz
p
– Alois Ferscha

The Scenario
The Scenario
• Pervasive computing
– Sensor rich and always connected smart phones
– Sensor networks and information tags
– Localization and activity recognition
– Internet of things and the real‐time Web
Internet of things and the real time Web
• Innovative pervasive services arising
– Situation‐aware adaptation
Situation aware adaptation
– Interactive reality
– Pervasive collective intelligence and pervasive participation
• Open co‐production scenario, very dynamic, diverse
needs and diverse services, continuously evolving


The Overall Objective
The Overall Objective
• Develop and demonstrate a highly‐innovative
theoretical and practical framework for pervasive
service ecosystems
service ecosystems
– Adaptivity and self‐management as inherent properties of
the ecosystem
y
– Systemic self‐awareness as an observable property of the
overall system
– Long lasting (eternal) adaptivity
Long‐lasting (eternal) adaptivity
– Bio‐chemical inspiration
• Foundational re‐thinking of
Foundational re thinking of
– Service architectures and associated middleware
– Self‐* algorithms and contextual knowledge management


The Architectural Approach
The Architectural Approach
• Open production model
• Smooth data/services
distinction
– LSA  live semantic
annotations
• Interactions
Interactions
– Sorts of bio‐chemical reactions
among components
– In a spatial substrate
In a spatial substrate
• Eco‐laws
– Rule all interactions
– Discovery + orchestration
+ orchestration
seamlessly merged
• Built over a pervasive network
world

Specific Objectives
Specific Objectives
• Both of a scientific and technological nature
• Around which the various WPs are organized


Model, Structures, and Knowledge
Model Structures and Knowledge
• M d l & M th d l
Model & Methodology
– Innovative chemical‐inspired semantic model for interactions among
components and their dynamic composition/aggregation
– S
Semantic (LSA) description and semantic pattern‐ mathing
ti (LSA) d i ti d ti tt thi
– Uniform traitment of data and services
– Methodological guidelines associated
• Structures & Space
– Model distributed self‐* algorithms via the chemical LSA framework
– Innovative flexible means for aggregation and composition
gg g p
– Define decentralized means to control the behaviour of the ecosystem
• Knowledge & Time
– Distributed knowledge management algorithms via the LSA framework
Distributed knowledge management algorithms via the LSA framework
– Define new means to perform distributed recognition of current situations
– As well as to enable recognition of future situations


Key Challenges
y g
for model, structure and knowledge
• C
Can our chemically‐inspired computation model and the
h i ll i i d t ti d l d th
eco‐laws?
– Be flexible and general‐purpose enough?
g p p g
– Effectively deal with the complexity and diversity of modern
pervasive scenarios?
– Be effectively implementable?
Be effectively
• And, for structure and knowledge
– Can it accommodate all needed distributed aggregation and
self‐composition algorthims
lf iti l thi
– Can it express all needed forms of knowledge management?
• Or should we rather go for application‐specific (or location‐
Or should go for application specific (or location
specific) eco‐laws?


Infrastructure and Applications
Infrastructure and Applications
• I f t t
Infrastructure
– A very lightweight infrastructure
– Ruling all interactions (from discovery to data exchange and
synchronization) by embedding the concept of eco‐laws
h i ti ) b b ddi th t f l
– To most extent, acting as a recommendation and planning engine
– Possibly inspired by tuple space coordination models
– Yet made it more “fluid” and suitable for a pervasive computing
continuum substrate  not a network but a continuum of tuple spaces

• Applications
– The “Ecosystem of Display” as a general and impactful testbed
– To put at work and demonstrate the SAPERE findings
p g
– Active and dynamic information sharing in urban scenarios
– Active participation of citizens to the working of the urban infrastructure


Key Tangible Results
y g
(hopefully)
• A novel model and methodology to support the development
of complex service systems in open and dynamic pervasive
scenarios
• A uniform set of:
– Self‐* algorithms for service/data composition and aggregation (in
the form of libraries)
th f f lib i )
– Algorithms and tools for distributed management of contextual‐
knowledge, to enforce present‐ and future‐awareness in the
ecosystem
• A novel middleware for pervasive computing scenarios (Open
Source)
)
– Integrating the stated algorithms in the form of libraries
• A set of released innovative application showcased on the
Ecosystem of Displays testbed
E t f Di l t tb d

KEYWORDS

Awareness Meeting
Awareness Meeting

Adaptation
• Adaption on multiple timescales
• Organised adaptation
• Adaptation to hostile situations
• Adaptation to changing environments
• Adaptation for robustness
Adaptation for robustness

Evolution/Emergence
Evolution Emergence
• Evolution of new collective • Emergent Systems
behaviours • Emergent behaviours
• Open‐ended evolution

Self‐
Self *
Self‐properties Self‐awareness
• Self‐expression • of state
• Self‐optimisation • about environment
• Self‐organising networks
g g • of context
• Self‐organisation • Collective self‐awareness
• Situation awareness

Awareness of me
Awareness of me
• How do others see me ?
• Look‐* self awareness
Look self‐awareness
• Is the environment aware of me ?

Learning/Behaviour
• Learning
• Cognition
• Filtering
• Characteristics of behaviours
• Opportunistic behaviour
Opportunistic behaviour
• Knowledge
• Knowledge‐intensive systems

Distributed Collectives
• Decentralised systems • Collective intelligence
• Distributed artificial • Global behaviour – local
intelligence decisions
• Robust distributed systems • Coordination technologies
• Distributed Control • Collaborative decision
making

System Properties
System Properties
Robust/Resilient Others!
• Fault tolerance • Relevant
• Robustness to sub‐ideal • Out of control
operation • Homeostasis
• Resilience • Efficient
• Autonomous

Socially Inspired
Socially Inspired
• Social media
• Social cognition
Social cognition
• Human cognition
• Human in the loop
• Augmented society
Augmented society
• Social networking
• Socio‐technical combinatorics

Services/Systems
• Adaptive middleware
• Architecture support for adaptivity
Architecture support for adaptivity
• Self‐joining services
• Common services (middleware)
• Service oriented architecture
Service oriented architecture
• Autonomic service components

Information/Recognition Models
• Introspection about norms • Meta‐modelling of run‐time
and conventions behaviour
• Utility of information • Organisational models
• Intention recognition • Modelling the environment
• Event recognition • modelling inner state

Techniques/Systems
Techniques Systems
• Bio‐inspired computing • Multi‐agent systems
• Stream computing • Ensembles
• Software‐engineering • Self‐governing ensembles
g g
• Pervasive computing • Cloud computing
• Social computing
• Sensor networks
• E‐mobility
bili
• Eco system
• Languages
• Robot swarms
• Measurement • Autonomous systems

Questions
• How does self‐awareness relate to self‐* ?
• How are self‐aware systems designed ?
How are self aware systems designed ?
• What are meaningful applications of self‐
awareness ?
?
• How do we program such systems ?
p g y
• How do we enable innovations ?

Awareness Inaugural Meeting Amsterdam 2010

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