This document provides a lesson on changing sentences from active to passive voice. [1] It begins with a review of active and passive sentences and their characteristics. [2] Examples are then provided of changing different types of sentences like those with modal verbs, two objects, imperatives, interrogatives, and newspaper headlines into the passive voice. [3] Learners are guided through this process step-by-step with explanations and examples.

1. PES/ENG/X/058
• This is Alpha Version file.
• Pl check it thoroughly and suggest reqd changes.
A Punjab Edusat Society Production
Subject :English
Class :X
Chapter :Grammar
Module :Active and Passive Part 2
Cut to anchor
Good Morning Children. Are you ready for learning more about active and
passive. In the first lesson we learnt that active passive revolves round ACTION
VERBC (To be given stress). In active sentences, the form of verb shows that
the subject does something or he is the doer of action. In passive sentences, the
form of very indicates that something is done or subject is the receiver of action,
although the meaning of both the sentences remains the same. We also did
another variety of sentences with model verbs and sentences with two objects.
In sentences with modals “s.e” is added and in sentences with two objects, we
can make passive in two ways. I hope you must have practices with your
teacher in class. Let’s have a quick revision.
Cut to text (on board)(sentences market ‘A’ only appear on board at one go,
each sentence, having a grap after it to write the answer. The answers appear
later on one by one and then the words are underlined:-
1 A. Manners reveal character.
Ans. Character is revealed by manners.
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2. PES/ENG/X/058
2 A. He gathered flowers.
Ans. Flowers were gathered by him.
3 A. I was writing a letter.
Ans. A letter was being written by me.
4 A. He has sold his car.
Ans. His car has been sold by him.
5 A. Rani gave me a letter.
Ans. (i) A letter was given to me by Rani.
(ii) I was given a letter by Rani.
Announcement of the title
Cut to anchor
go tke sK j'o th eJh soQK d/ j[zd/ B/ fit/I imperative ns/ interroyative nZi n;hI
T[BQK ~ Passive pBkT[Dk f;yktKr/ ns/ Bkb jh Practical leaewing th eoKr/ fit/I
newspaper reports d/ heading fbyDk iK e'Jh th Process fit/I fe;h pBkT[D d/ sohe/
~ fbyDk. eh s[;hI f;ZyD bJh fsnko j'.
Learning Objectives
fJjBK ~ f;ZyD s'I pknd
1. Active Passive pko/ s[jkvk frnkB j'o tX/rk
2. s[;hI gqFBK tkb/ ns/ imperative tkeK ~ passive pDk ;e'r/.
3. s[;hI newspaper reports d/ heading fby ;e'r/
4. s[;hI processes passive form ftZu fby ;e'r/.
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Cut to M.M.
A Picture of the room is to be shown on full screen in such a way that there is
space for writing four sentences within . In the picture a man is sitting on a chair
and a boy is standing nearby. The fan is moving A wrapped box is lying on the
table, the door is closed.]
Voice over
Children you see here the man tells the boy to do some things. Let’s see what
he speaks and how can they be changed into passive.
Cut to text
The sentences (without underline and label) appeal one by one on the space
provided, with a gap after every sentence for writing the answer.
1. Switch off the fan. – Order
2. Please open the box. – Request
3. Do everything quietly. – Advice
4. Don’t open the door. – Prohibition
Voice over
You see children whatever the man speaks, starts with a verb in I Form [ At this
time the verbs are underlined]. These sentences do not start with a subject.
Such properties indicate that the sentences are either order or request, advice or
prohibition. These types of sentences are called imperatives [At this moment the
word imperative appears under the sentences] [ Also the words cafegorising
the sentences appear with them].
Voice over continues
Do you know how we change them into passive?
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4. PES/ENG/X/058
We can change them into passive in two ways.
You saw in these sentences that there is no direct subject or object. So the
speaker is considered as ‘I’ and the listener as ‘you’. ‘You’ becomes the subject
in passive. p; j[D d/yDk fJj gJ/rk fe tke nkfJnk J/, gqkoEBk j?, ;bkj j?, iK wBkjh j?
ns/ fco T[;/ Fpd ~ Passiver form :kBh VIII form d/ e/ Bkb tke i'V fdZsk iKdk j?. nkT[
d/yhJ/ fe; soQK (At this time the picture disappears. Only one seutence remains
on the Screen)
[At this time the picture disappears. Only one sentence remains on the screen].
Cut to text
[Switch off the fan]
Voice over
There is no subject and the word in the beginning of the sentence is a very in I
form. [At this time light will blink on verb]
It is an imperative sentence and that too an order. So we can change it into
passive as
Cut to text
You are ordered to switch off the light [This sentence appears under the active
sentence]
Voice over
We can do other sentences in the like manner as [Instantly the remaining 3
sentence appear and are solved one by one].
Cut to text
1. Please open the box.
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5. PES/ENG/X/058
You are requested to open the box.
2. Do everything quietly.
You are advised to do everything quietly.
3. Don’t open the door.
You are forbidden to open the door.
Voice over
fJ; ~ ;wMD bJh fJ; soQK ;wM ;ed/ j' [ At this all the 8 sentences go off the screen
and following rule appears]
Cut to text
You are ordered
requested
advised to + V I Form
forbidden
told
Voice over
fiZE/ tke dh e?Nkroh ;wM Bk nkJ/, T[E/ told brk d/Dk j?. d{;ok sohek j? @@Let##
Bkb tke F[o{ eoBk j?. p; fJj tke nkovo BjhI j'Dk ukjhdk. fJ;d/ ftZu Passive form
verb dh tos'I ehsh iKdh j?. nkU d/yhJ/ [At this time the three sentences appear
on the screen, with gap in words as shown]
1. Let the box be opened.]
2. Let it be done quietly.
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6. PES/ENG/X/058
3. Let the door not be opened.
Voice over :
Let + the subject + be + III form of verb.
Voice over
j? Bk nk;kB< nkU e[M tkeK Bkb Practice eohJ/. Order SZv e/ pkeh tkeK ~ d'B'I
soQK Bkb eoKr/.
[The first text goes off the screen and active sentences appear, which are
changed into passive one by one later on].
Cut to text
1. A Post this letter. * [Sentences marked by stars appear first.
P.1 Let this letter be posted. One by one they are solved later on.)
P.2 You are told to post this letter.
2. A Please lend me some money. *
P.1 Let some money be lent to me.
P.2 You are requested to lend me some money.
3. A Leave the class at once. *
P You are ordered to leave the class at once.
4. A Engage a tutor for your son. *
P.1 Let a tutor be engaged for your son.
P.2 You are advised to engage a tutor for your son.
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Cut to anchor
Sentence dk fJe o{g gqFB th j?. eh n;hI T[BQK ~ Passive pDk ;ed/ jK. ih jK
fpbe[b.
s[;hI ikDd/ j't'r/ fe gqFB th d' soQK d/ j[zd/ jB. fJe T[j fijV/ H.V. s'I F[o{ j[zd/ jB s/
d{i/ T[j fijV/ @Wh# family d/ FpdK Bkb F[o{ j[zd/ jB. dZ;' fJj fejV/ gqFB jB<
[At this moment 3 scenes appear on the screen.)
Can you cross this river?
Are the children playing football?
Is the boy plucking flowers?
Voice over
ih jK, fJj ;ko/ jh gqFB H.V. Bkb F[o{ j[zd/ jB. (At this moment blinking light will high
light these 3 word i.e.can,Are, Is. ) ns/ fJjBK ;ko/ gqFBK dk itkp jK, BKj ftZu fdZsk
ik ;edk j?. fJjBK ~ nkw tkeK dh soQK jh Passive pDkfJnk iKdk j?. p; interogative
pDkT[D tkbk H.V, Passive ftZu nkT[D tkb/ Subject d/ no. (:kBh Singular ns/
Plural) d/ nB[;ko pdb iKdk j?. nkT[ fJjBK tkeK ~ fwb e/ eohJ/.
[ At this moment the pictures disappear from the screen and following sentence
appears on the screen, later on the display is shown sequence-wise.
Cut to Text
(4) (2) (3) (1)
Are the children playing football?
Is football being played by the children?
Voice over
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8. PES/ENG/X/058
s[;hI d/fynk the Children, Plural ;h s/ T[;d/ Bkb @@Are## ;h go Football Singular
j? s/ T[;d/ Bkb Is brk fdZsk frnk. nkU pkeh d/ tke th eoe/ d/yhJ/. [ Now the
remaining two sentences appear with passives, each sentence one by one].
Cut to text with voice over
Can you cross this river?
Can this river be crossed by you?
Is the boy plucking flowers?
Are the flowers being plucked by the boys?
Cut to Anchor
go s[;hI ikDd/ j' gqFB j'o soQK d/ th j[zd/ jB. @@wh## family d/ FpdK Bkb F[o{ j'D
tkb/. nkT[ d/yhJ/ fe T[BQK ~ Passive pBkT[Dk th fJBQK jh nk;kB j?.
Cut to Text
1. When did you post this letter?
2. Where had you kept your books?
3. Why were you reading the paper?
Voice over
e[ZM coe bZG ;ed/ j' fJjBK gqFBK ftZu< All the questions belong to ‘wh’ family.
Let’s remove the first word and see what happens. [At this moment the 3 words
‘when, where and why’ disappear]
fJj sK ;ko/ H.V. s'I F[o{ j'D tkb/ gqFB jh pD rJ/. Now we can change these
sentences in the same manner, as we have already done. The ‘wh’ family word
will remain at its own place.* nkU d/yhJ/ fe; soQK [One by one these answers
appear under the questions already on screen]
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9. PES/ENG/X/058
Voice over with text on screen.
1. When was this letter posted by you?
2. Where had your books been kept by you?
3. Why was the paper being read by you?
Voice over
feT[I, j? Bk nk;kB< f;oc who tkb/ gqFBK ftZu by whom ehsk iKdk j? fit/I L-
Cut to text
[The previous text goes off the screen and these sentences appears one by one]
Who has broken the glass?
By whom has the glass been broken?
Voice over
Lets practice some sentences.
Cut to text (on board)
[Active sentences fitled ‘A’ appear on board. One by one with a gap for answers.
1. (A) What language do they speak?
Ans. What language is spoken by them?
2. (A) Where will you hold the meeting?
Ans. Where will the meeting be held?
3. (A) How much did you pay for this watch?
Ans. How much was paid for this watch?
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Voice over
Students lets change these sentences into passive one by one. [Now the anchor
will read out the sentences – first the active then passive. When the anchor
speaks the passive it will appear on the board in writing mode]
Cut to Anchor
You must have observed by now that passive form of verb means III form of
verb. There are situations where only passive voice is used as :-
Cut to text (on board) With voice over
1. When the door is not known.
The child was lost in the fair.
2. When the receiver of the action is given more importance.
The letter was drafted by the principal.
3. When everybody knows, who is the _______.
English is spoken all over the world.
4. In Scientific and technical writings.
This engine is run with electricity.
Cut to Anchor
Normally it happens while writing newspaper reports. Let’s study some reports.
Cut to text
[ at this moment the newspaper reports are shows on the screen. The previous
text goes off the screen.
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11. PES/ENG/X/058
Car thief’s gang busted.
Delhi:
Police Commissioner reports that a car thief gang has been busted.
Suspected Arrested.
Delhi:
Delhi Police reports that a suspect has been arrested in Jaipur
Gujarat Rocked again.
Ahmedabad:
An earthquake of severe intensity rocked Gujarat again in the wee hours of
today.
Voice over
You see children in these newspaper cuttings that headings on the reports have
some special qualities as they are in passive form, they are not complete
sentences and the main importance is on action verb used, because that reflects
what is news about. [as soon ass the word heading is spoken by the anchor light
starts blinking on the title till the anchor speaks ….. about].
Cut to Anchor
So if we are given detailed reports ns/ T[BQK ~ title d/Dk j?. T[;h eh eoKr/ Report
gVKr/, main action verb u[DKr/. ns/ III form pDke/ object Bkb fby fdnKr/. p; j' frnk
title fsnko. let us do on example.
Let us do an example.
Cut to text [The report appears on the screen, without heading.]
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12. PES/ENG/X/058
New Delhi : Heroin weighing about 70 Kg. Valued at Rs. 120 Lacs was
recovered from a drug peddler on Sunday.
Voice over
Let’s find out the main action-verb
What has happened?
-Something is recovered.
What is recovered?
Heroin.
Lo! The title is there.
[At this moment two words providing answers are underlined in the report and the
title “Heroin recovered” appears on the top.
Voice over
go pZfuT[, nro fJ;dk T[bNk eoBk j? sK eo ;e'r'< NkJhNb s[jk~ gsk j?, s/ ohg'oN
g{oh eoBh, fco fe; soQK eoKr/. nkU d/yhJ/.
Cut to text
[The title and report with slam Ks appears]
Five killed in J & K.
Jammu : Five persons of a family _________ by the militants on Friday night in
Raghunath Bazar of Jammu.
Voice over
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13. PES/ENG/X/058
;kv/ e'b NkJhNb j? ns/ NkJhNb ftZu main verb j?. @killed#. Report ~ g{ok eoB
bJh p; fJ;dh Passive form eoBh j?, i' s[jk~ nkT[Idh j?. Lets do it [ at this time, the
complete report “five persons of a family were killed will be spoken by the anchor
and the blanks * * will be filled with “were killed”].
Voice over continues
fJj sK pj[s nk;kB j?. verb dh passive form eoB bJh p; III form eoBh j? s/ T[;s'I
gfjbK helping verb brkT[Dk (at this moment “were killed” will be highlighted by
blinking __________ s[jk~ gsk j? Bk fe H.V. Subject d/ number ns/ tke d/ tense d/
nB[;ko brdk Subject past j?. ;' were brkfJnk frnk. nkU e[ZS j'o sentences eohJ/.
Cut to text
[The following four sentences appear in one go sentences have blanks which will
be filled up later on]
Complete the following sentences using III Form of verb given in brackets.
1. This shirt is made of silk. (make)
2. The Taj Mahal was built hundred of years ago. (build)
3. Rice is produced in India. (produce)
4. A new book will be published next month. (publish)
Voice over
fJjBK tkeK ftZu n;h fdZs/ j'J/ verb dh III form GoBh j?. go T[j eoB bJh H.V. th
brkT[Dk j?. nkU eohJ/ [Now the anchor will read out the sentences with filled up
blanks)
Voice over
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p; fJj jh sohek j[zdk j?. e'Jh th description iK process fbyD dk. ;kv/ e'b tke j[zd/ jB
ns/ T[BQK ~ running passage ftZu fbyDk j?. p; fJ;/ H.V. Bkb verb dh III form brk
e/ eo ;ed/ jK. nkU t/yhJ/ fe; soQK
Cut to text
Read below the instructions given and complete the paragraph that follows:-
1. Trace out the work on a chart paper.
2. Cut it along the outline.
3. Cut slits for eyes.
4. Paint with colours of your choice.
5. Decorate it with sequins.
6. String an elastic to both its ends.
Voice over
pZfuT[I s[jk~ fejk frnk j? fe fJj instructions gV e/ fds/ rJ/ paragraph ftZu ykbh irQk
GohnK jB. nkU d/yhJ/ Paragraph [at this the paragraph with blanks appears on
the screen]
Cut to text [under the six instructions, the following paragraph is shown, with
blanks]
How to make a mask.
The mask is traced out on a chart paper. It is cut along the outline. Slits are cut
for eyes. Then it is painted with colours of your choice. It is decorated with
sequins. An elastic is strung to both its ends.
Voice over
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15. PES/ENG/X/058
Now what we do? We shall read out the instructions, paragraph ftZu fijV/
missing verbs jB, T[j bZGKr/ ns/ fco T[jBK dh III form ns/ H.V. ykbh irQk s/ Go
fdnKr/. [at this time the verbs in instructions will be underlined
and blanks filled in the paragraph one by one] So children what we learnt today?
n;hI f;Zfynk j? fe imperative ns/ interrogative sentences ~ active s'I passive
pBkT[D bJh e[ZS fB:w jB. nkU fJe tko revise eo bJhJ/.
Cut to text
SUMMARY
Making passives
I Imperative Sentences [two ways]
Open the Box
1.
Let + subject +be+III form of verb
Exp. Let the box be opened.
2. Ordered
Requested
You are Advised
Suggested to + I form of verb.
Forbidden
told
exp. You are told to open the box
II
Interrogative Sentences (Questions)
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16. PES/ENG/X/058
1. Questions starting with H.V.
Ex. Did you hire a taxi?
Was a taxi hired by you?
H.V.+ Object + III Form of verb + by
object
2. Questions starting with ‘wh’ family.
Why did they postpone the
meeting?
Why was the meeting postponed by
them?
‘wh’ word + H.V.+Subject+III form of
verb + by object.
III NEWSPAPER REPORTS AND PROCESSES
Are generally written in passive form
with changes according to passive
formation.
Cut to Anchor
Hope you understood well and enjoyed your lesson. Let test now, how much
have your understand
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17. PES/ENG/X/058
Cut to text
Change the voice of the following sentences.
[The sentences will appear on board at one go with a gap for answers]
Q.1. Help me, please.
Ans. You are requested to help me please.
Q.2. Pray to God daily.
Ans. Let God be prayed daily.
Q.3 When did you see the star?
Ans. When was the star seen by you?
Q.4. Who told a lie?
Ans. By whom was the lie told.
Q.5 Have you washed all clothes?
Ans. Have all clothes been washed by you?
Voice over
[The anchor will read out the sentences one by one. First the question then after
a gap of 2 seconds, the answer, which will be written under each sentence].
Now children let’s read out a news paper report which is to be given a title.
[The report appears on the board, without the title]
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18. PES/ENG/X/058
Cut to text
Give a heading
Bangalore : Eight persons died and sixty were injured, when the Bangalore
bound Udyan Express from Mumbai V.T. derailed on Saturday night.
Cut to Anchor
This report expresses the main verb, as ‘derailed and subject as ‘Udyan Express’
So the title is Udyan “Express derailed” [at this time the title will appear on the
top].
So children go to your class and do more sentences with your teacher. Good
bye for now.
This script has been reviewed by-___________________
Date-____________________
Word Count - 2961
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