3. VICTORIAN ENGLAND
The Victorian age in British history is named
after Queen Victoria, who was Britain's queen
from 1837 until 1901.
What was life like for Victorian children? There
were big differences in homes, schools, toys and
entertainments. No TV, no computers, no
central heating, no cars only horse and carriage
(until the last few years of Victoria's reign). No
air travel - unless you went up in a balloon!
Many children went to work, not to school.
4. THE INDUSTRIAL
REVOLUTION
The Industrial Revolution (the era of rapid and
great change in industry and manufacturing with
the growth of factories- 1700) changed Britain
from a land of small towns, villages and farms to a
land of cities, large towns and factories. The
population grew from 16 million in 1801 to over
41 million in 1901. Cities grew fast as people
moved from the countryside to work in factories.
Men, women and children worked in factories and
in coal mines. Factory and mine owners became
rich but workers were very poor. They were paid
low wages and lived in unhealthy, overcrowded
slums.
5. THE LIFE OF CHARLES
DICKENS
ï¶ Charles Dickens came from a poor
family but he was lucky enough to attend
school. Unfortunately, his father was jailed
for having ÂŽbad debtsÂŽ so Dickens was
forced to leave school early and start
working in a boots polish factory. He
worked here for three years and the
conditions were very bad resulting in
Dickens suffering with lonliness as a
young boy.
6. DICKENS CAREER
At the beginning Dickens called
himself ÂŽBozÂŽ, this was his penname.
ï¶ Dickens started to write as a journalist. He
contributed articles to journals called ÂŽThe Mirror of
ParliamentÂŽand ÂŽThe True SunÂŽ. In 1833 he was
employed as a parliamentary reporter for a
newspaper and started to produce a series of
sketches. Later in 1836, a story by Dickens ÂŽThe
Pickwick PapersÂŽwas published as a seriel. This
became very popular and Dickens began to become
famous. In 1836 Dickens also married Catherine
Hogarth who was the daughter of one of his editors.
7. DICKENS WORK
ï¶ Charles Dickens went on to produce a massive amount of material
during his lifetime. He published fifteen novels, wrote hundreds of
short stories and non-fiction pieces, lectured and performed both in
England and in the United States, wrote plays, wrote thousands of
letters and edited two journals.
8. OFFSPRING AND DEATH
ï¶ After having ten children together,
Charles Dickens and Catherine Hogarth
separated in 1858.
ï¶ Charles Dickens died on 9th June
1870. He suffered a stroke after
completing a full dayâs work on his novel
in progress, Edwin Drood. He was buried
in Poetâs Corner of Westminister Abbey.
9. WHAT THE DICKENS ?
RANDOM FACTS
ï¶ Dickens was interested in the paranormal. He was a member of The Ghost
Club.
ï¶ In 1865 Charles Dickens was involved in the Staplehurst Rail Crash. His
was the only first class carriage to avoid running off the tracks. Apparently,
Dickens helped many of the wounded passengers before rescuers arrived.
ï¶ Charles Dickens has appeared on the British ÂŁ10 note.
10. ï¶ Dickens kept a pet raven called Grip, which he had stuffed when he died in
1841.
ï¶ He was eccentric and was an obessive compulsive, reportedly always re-
arranging his hotel furniture and having to sleep with his head facing north.
ï¶ He supported the use of hypnotism and attempted to use it to cure his wife
and children.
ï¶ In his study he had a secret door which was designed like a bookcase filled
with fake books.
ï¶ Dickens had almost demonic energy. Often unable to sleep, he would take
long night walks through the streets of London.
11. CHARLES DICKENS NOVELS
ï¶ The Pickwick Papers
ï¶ The Adventures of Oliver Twist
ï¶ The Life and Adventures of Nicholas Nickleby
ï¶ The Old Curiosity Shop
ï¶ Barnaby Rudge: A Tale of the Riots of Eighty
ï¶ A Christmas Carol
ï¶ The Life and Adventures of Martin Chuzzlewit
ï¶ The Chimes
ï¶ The Cricket on the Hearth
ï¶ The Battle of Life
ï¶ Dombey and Son
ï¶ The Haunted Man and the Ghostâs Bargain
ï¶ David Copperfield
ï¶ Bleak House
ï¶ Hard Times: For These Times
ï¶ Little Dorrit
ï¶ A Tale of Two Cities
ï¶ Great Expectations
ï¶ Our Mutual Friend
ï¶ The Mystery of Edwin Drood (never completed by Dickens)
12. NICHOLAS NICKLEBY
ï¶ Nicholas Nickleby is an early novel of Charles Dickens and
is a melodramatic tale of the adventures of a young man as he
struggles to find fortune in Victorian England.
ï¶ The novel critises societyÂŽs bad treatment of children and
the cruelty of the education system.
ï¶ This book was originally published in 20 monthly
installments under ÂŽBozÂŽDickenÂŽs pen-name and came out as a
book in 1839.
13. BRIEF OVERVIEW
ï¶ The story of Nicholas Nickleby is about a 19 year old boy whose father
dies. When this happens his uncle, Ralph Nickleby who is a mean-spirited
money lender , makes him become an assistant teacher at Dotheboys Hall.
The school is run by the Head Teacher Wackford Squeers who is very
unkind and is very creul to the children that attend the school.
ï¶ Angry by Squeers bad treatment of the boys, Nickleby attacks Squeers
and then runs away, taking the little boy who is the main victim Smike with
him. Nickleby and Smike become involved in lots of adventures while
Ralph Nicklby makes evil plots against Nicholas his nephew. The book uses
comedy and dark subject matters and is a sharp and moving social critique.
