Business studies Revision | Mindmaps

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Business studies is an academic subject taught in schools and at a university level in many countries. Its study combines elements of accountancy, finance, marketing, organizational studies and operations.

Wirtschaft & Finanzen

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Lec 17 Cross Price Elasticity of Demand

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Lec 16 Income Elasticity of Demand

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Elasticity of Demand Law of demand explains the directions of changes in demand. A fall in price leads to an increase in quantity demanded and vice versa. But it does not tell us the rate at which demand changes to change in price. The concept of elasticity of demand was introduced by Marshall. This concept explains the relationship between a change in price and the consequent change in quantity demanded. Nutshell, it shows the rate at which changes in demand take place.

Lec 15 Elasticity of Demand

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Market Equilibrium Equilibrium is a situation in which opposing forces balance each other. Equilibrium in a market occurs when the price balances the plans of buyers and sellers. The equilibrium price is the price at which the quantity demanded equals the quantity supplied. The equilibrium quantity is the quantity bought and sold at the equilibrium price. Price regulates buying and selling plans. Price adjusts when plans don’t match.

Lec 14 Market Equilibrium

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Supply and its concept If a firm supplies a good or service, then the firm 1. Has the resources and the technology to produce it, 2. Can profit from producing it, and 3. Has made a definite plan to produce and sell it. Resources and technology determine what it is possible to produce. Supply reflects a decision about which technologically feasible items to produce. The quantity supplied of a good or service is the amount that producers plan to sell during a given time period at a particular price.

Lec 13 Supply and its concept

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Lec 12 Determinants of demand

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Exceptions to the Law of Demand A normal demand curve falls downward from left to right. The basic feature of the demand curve is negative sloping But sometimes the demand curve may slope upward from left to right. In other words, it may have a positively inclined curve. These phenomena may due to: Giffen paradox Veblen or Demonstration effect. Ignorance. Speculative Effect. Fear of Shortage. Necessaries Brand Loyalty Festival, Marriage etc.

Lec 11 Exceptions to the Law of Demand

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Lec 10 Slope of the demand curve

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Lec 09 Demand and its meaning

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Islamic Economic System Islam is a complete code of life. It is not only concerned with the spiritual upliftment of human beings, it is equally concerned about their material and physical well-being. Islam guides its followers in financial and economic matters, in social and political affairs, and also in moral and personal spheres of human life. "Whatever is in the heavens and the earth belongs to Allah." (2:284) Allah is the owner of the whole universe. It is in this capacity that He has allowed us to own theblessings of this world by saying, "He has created for you whatever that is in the earth."(2:29) However, Islam also wants to prevent the excessive accumulation of wealth in the hands of a few peopleso the society may not fall into two classes: one is overstuffing, while the other is starving. The Qur'an justifies the concept of tax by saying: "...so that (the wealth) may not become a monopoly of the rich among you." (59:7) Islam has prohibited Usury (Riba), Interest Hoarding Speculation Insurance Overtrading Sale without possession (Calf in the womb, Fishes in Ponds etc.) Securing profits by exploiting the immoral desires of people etc.

Lec 08 Islamic Economic System

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Socialism: Collective ownership and democratic control of the material means of production by the workers and the people Socialism is a term applied to an economic system in which property is held in common and not individually, and relationships are governed by a political hierarchy. Common ownership doesn't mean decisions are made collectively, however. Instead, individuals in positions of authority make decisions in the name of the collective group. Socialists argue that socialism would allow for wealth to be distributed based on how much one contributes to society, as opposed to how much capital one holds. Mixed Economy Any economy in which private corporate enterprises and public sector enterprises exist side-by-side, and decisions taken through market mechanism are supplemented by some form of partial planning, is to be described as a mixed economy. This system overcomes the disadvantages of both the market and planned economic systems. Provides a clear demarcation of the boundaries of the public sector and private sector so that the core sector and strategic sectors are invariably in the public sector. The government intervenes to prevent undue concentration of economic power and monopolistic and restrictive trade practices The rights of the individual are respected and protected subject only to the requirements of public law and order and morality

Lec 07 Socialism | Mixed Economy

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Economics systems: Capitalism Economics - Economics is the social science that analyzes the production, distribution and consumption of goods & services. Economic System is the system of production, distribution and consumption An economic system is a mechanism (also defined as system or social institution) which deals with the production, distribution and consumption of goods and services in a particular society. The economic system is composed of people, institutions and their relationships. It addresses the problems of economics like the allocation of the resources. Economic System: An organized way in which a state or nation allocates its resources and distributes goods and services in the national community.

Lec 06 Economics systems Capitalism

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Economic Growth The expansion of production possibilities—and an increase in the standard of living—is called economic growth. Two key factors influence economic growth: Technological change Capital accumulation Technological change is the development of new goods and of better ways of producing goods and services. Capital accumulation is the growth of capital resources, which includes human capital.

Lec 05 Economic Growth

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Oligopoly The word Oligopoly is taken from Greek oligos "little, small," in plural, "the few" + pōlein "to sell”. Definition: An oligopoly is an industry dominated by a few large firms. For example, an industry with a five-firm concentration ratio of greater than 50% is considered a monopoly. An oligopoly is a type of market structure where two or more firms have significant market power. Collectively, they have the ability to dictate prices and supply. A monopoly is one firm, the duopoly is two firms and oligopoly is two or more firms.

Lec 24 Oligopoly and its concept

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Production Possibilities and Opportunity Cost The production possibilities frontier (PPF) is the boundary between those combinations of goods and services that can be produced and those that cannot. To illustrate the PPF, we focus on two goods at a time and hold the quantities of all other goods and services constant. That is, we look at a model economy in which everything remains the same (ceteris paribus) except the two goods we’re considering.

Lec 04 Production Possibilities and Opportunity Cost

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Lec 03 Circular Flow of Income

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Lec 02 Scarcity, Basic Economic Questions

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After studying this chapter you will be able to Define economics and distinguish between microeconomics and macroeconomics Explain the two big questions of economics Explain the key ideas that define the economic way of thinking Explain how economists go about their work as social scientists Understanding Our Changing World You are studying economics at a time of enormous change. Much of the change is for the better—the information age and all the benefits that it brings. But some of the change is for the worse—terrorism, natural disasters, and recession that have devastated many of our lives. Your economics course will help you to understand the powerful forces that are shaping and changing our world. Definition of Economics All economic questions arise because we want more than we can get. Our inability to satisfy all our wants is called scarcity. Because we face scarcity, we must make choices. The choices we make depend on the incentives we face. An incentive is a reward that encourages an action or a penalty that discourages an action.

Lec 01 Introduction to Economics

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Trade is voluntary and non-fraudulent, exchange of goods and services among people and countries. When a trade occurs between nations or cross-border it is called International Trade. The Barrier is any hurdle which creates resistance. Or a structure or object that blocks free movement. simply it is Hinderance in the flow of something. A trade barrier is defined as “any hurdle, obstacle or roadblock that hampers the smooth flow of goods, services, and payments from one destination to another”.

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Lec 17 Cross Price Elasticity of Demand

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Lec 14 Market Equilibrium

Lec 13 Supply and its concept

Lec 12 Determinants of demand

Lec 11 Exceptions to the Law of Demand

Lec 10 Slope of the demand curve

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Lec 07 Socialism | Mixed Economy

Lec 06 Economics systems Capitalism

Lec 05 Economic Growth

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Yeah. The safest way you can sell your locked pi coins right now is through face to face trade. Or you find a legit merchant/vendor and make sure he is trusted before you trade with him/her. A vendor is someone who buys pi coins and resell them to investors looking forward to hold large quantities of pi coins till mainnet launch. I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi vendor to trade with. @Pi_vendor_247 #sellpicoins #pi network #pi

how can I sell my locked pi coins safety.

DOT TECH

You can't sell your pi coins in the pi network app. because it is not listed yet on any exchange. The only way you can sell is by trading your pi coins with an investor (a person looking forward to hold massive amounts of pi coins before mainnet launch) . You don't need to meet the investor directly all the trades are done with a pi vendor/merchant (a person that buys the pi coins from miners and resell it to investors) I Will leave The telegram contact of my personal pi vendor, if you are finding a legitimate one. @Pi_vendor_247 #pi network #pi coins #money

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Introduction to Indian Financial System ()

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The U.S. economy is continuing its impressive recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic and not slowing down despite re-occurring bumps. The U.S. savings rate reached its highest ever recorded level at 34% in April 2020 and Americans seem ready to spend. The sectors that had been hurt the most by the pandemic specifically reduced consumer spending, like retail, leisure, hospitality, and travel, are now experiencing massive growth in revenue and job openings. Could this growth lead to a “Roaring Twenties”? As quickly as the U.S. economy contracted, experiencing a 9.1% drop in economic output relative to the business cycle in Q2 2020, the largest in recorded history, it has rebounded beyond expectations. This surprising growth seems to be fueled by the U.S. government’s aggressive fiscal and monetary policies, and an increase in consumer spending as mobility restrictions are lifted. Unemployment rates between June 2020 and June 2021 decreased by 5.2%, while the demand for labor is increasing, coupled with increasing wages to incentivize Americans to rejoin the labor force. Schools and businesses are expected to fully reopen soon. In parallel, vaccination rates across the country and the world continue to rise, with full vaccination rates of 50% and 14.8% respectively. However, it is not completely smooth sailing from here. According to M Capital Group, the main risks that threaten the continued growth of the U.S. economy are inflation, unsettled trade relations, and another wave of Covid-19 mutations that could shut down the world again. Have we learned from the past year of COVID-19 and adapted our economy accordingly? “In order for the U.S. economy to continue growing, whether there is another wave or not, the U.S. needs to focus on diversifying supply chains, supporting business investment, and maintaining consumer spending,” says Grace Feeley, a research analyst at M Capital Group. While the economic indicators are positive, the risks are coming closer to manifesting and threatening such growth. The new variants spreading throughout the world, Delta, Lambda, and Gamma, are vaccine-resistant and muddy the predictions made about the economy and health of the country. These variants bring back the feeling of uncertainty that has wreaked havoc not only on the stock market but the mindset of people around the world. MCG provides unique insight on how to mitigate these risks to possibly ensure a bright economic future.

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what is a pi whale and how to access one.

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Yes. Pi network coins can be exchanged but not on bitmart exchange. Because pi network is still in the enclosed mainnet. The only way pioneers are able to trade pi coins is by reselling the pi coins to pi verified merchants. A verified merchant is someone who buys pi network coins and resell it to exchanges looking forward to hold till mainnet launch. I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with. @Pi_vendor_247

how to sell pi coins on Bitmart crypto exchange

DOT TECH

Where can I sell my pi coins at a high rate. Pi is not launched yet on any exchange. But one can easily sell his or her pi coins to investors who want to hold pi till mainnet launch. This means crypto whales want to hold pi. And you can get a good rate for selling pi to them. I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi vendor below. A vendor is someone who buys from a miner and resell it to a holder or crypto whale. Here is the telegram contact of my vendor: @Pi_vendor_247

how to sell pi coins at high rate quickly.

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When will I be able to sell my Pi coins? Pi open mainnet is in 3years time that is 2026. So if you can't wait till then you can still sell your pi coins to Chinese investors looking forward to hold massive amounts of pi coins before mainnet launch in 2026. You can't meet the investors directly you have to go through their vendors. A pi vendor is someone who buys pi coins from miners and resell them to investors. I have a vendor I sell pi coins to and I and my friends have sold more than 10k coins to him.feel free to telegram him if you want to sell. @Pi_vendor_247 #pi network #sell pi coins #money

when officially can i withdraw my pi Network coins.

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We study the link between the evolving age structure of the working population and unemployment. We build a large new Keynesian OLG model with a realistic age structure, labor market frictions, sticky prices, and aggregate shocks. Once calibrated to the European economy, we quantify the extent to which demographic changes over the last three decades have contributed to the decline of the unemployment rate. Our findings yield important implications for the future evolution of unemployment given the anticipated further aging of the working population in Europe. We also quantify the implications for optimal monetary policy: lowering inflation volatility becomes less costly in terms of GDP and unemployment volatility, which hints that optimal monetary policy may be more hawkish in an aging society. Finally, our results also propose a partial reversal of the European-US unemployment puzzle due to the fact that the share of young workers is expected to remain robust in the US.

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Currently pi network is not tradable on binance or any other exchange because we are still in the enclosed mainnet. Right now the only way to sell pi coins is by trading with a verified merchant. What is a pi merchant? A pi merchant is someone verified by pi network team and allowed to barter pi coins for goods and services. Since pi network is not doing any pre-sale The only way exchanges like binance/huobi or crypto whales can get pi is by buying from miners. And a merchant stands in between the exchanges and the miners. I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant. I and my friends has traded more than 6000pi coins successfully Tele-gram @Pi_vendor_247

how to sell pi coins on Binance exchange

DOT TECH

Unlock the potential of Latino Buying Power with this in-depth SlideShare presentation. Explore how the Latino consumer market is transforming the American economy, driven by their significant buying power, entrepreneurial contributions, and growing influence across various sectors. **Key Sections Covered:** 1. **Economic Impact:** Understand the profound economic impact of Latino consumers on the U.S. economy. Discover how their increasing purchasing power is fueling growth in key industries and contributing to national economic prosperity. 2. **Buying Power:** Dive into detailed analyses of Latino buying power, including its growth trends, key drivers, and projections for the future. Learn how this influential group’s spending habits are shaping market dynamics and creating opportunities for businesses. 3. **Entrepreneurial Contributions:** Explore the entrepreneurial spirit within the Latino community. Examine how Latino-owned businesses are thriving and contributing to job creation, innovation, and economic diversification. 4. **Workforce Statistics:** Gain insights into the role of Latino workers in the American labor market. Review statistics on employment rates, occupational distribution, and the economic contributions of Latino professionals across various industries. 5. **Media Consumption:** Understand the media consumption habits of Latino audiences. Discover their preferences for digital platforms, television, radio, and social media. Learn how these consumption patterns are influencing advertising strategies and media content. 6. **Education:** Examine the educational achievements and challenges within the Latino community. Review statistics on enrollment, graduation rates, and fields of study. Understand the implications of education on economic mobility and workforce readiness. 7. **Home Ownership:** Explore trends in Latino home ownership. Understand the factors driving home buying decisions, the challenges faced by Latino homeowners, and the impact of home ownership on community stability and economic growth. This SlideShare provides valuable insights for marketers, business owners, policymakers, and anyone interested in the economic influence of the Latino community. By understanding the various facets of Latino buying power, you can effectively engage with this dynamic and growing market segment. Equip yourself with the knowledge to leverage Latino buying power, tap into their entrepreneurial spirit, and connect with their unique cultural and consumer preferences. Drive your business success by embracing the economic potential of Latino consumers. **Keywords:** Latino buying power, economic impact, entrepreneurial contributions, workforce statistics, media consumption, education, home ownership, Latino market, Hispanic buying power, Latino purchasing power.

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The best way to sell your pi coins safely is trading with an exchange..but since pi is not launched in any exchange, and second option is through a VERIFIED pi merchant. Who is a pi merchant? A pi merchant is someone who buys pi coins from miners and pioneers and resell them to Investors looking forward to hold massive amounts before mainnet launch in 2026. I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade pi coins with. @Pi_vendor_247

what is the best method to sell pi coins in 2024

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9th issue of our inhouse magazine Ingenious May 2024.pdf

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Falcon stands out as a top-tier P2P Invoice Discounting platform in India, bridging esteemed blue-chip companies and eager investors. Our goal is to transform the investment landscape in India by establishing a comprehensive destination for borrowers and investors with diverse profiles and needs, all while minimizing risk. What sets Falcon apart is the elimination of intermediaries such as commercial banks and depository institutions, allowing investors to enjoy higher yields.

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Resume • Real GDP growth slowed down due to problems with access to electricity caused by the destruction of manoeuvrable electricity generation by Russian drones and missiles. • Exports and imports continued growing due to better logistics through the Ukrainian sea corridor and road. Polish farmers and drivers stopped blocking borders at the end of April. • In April, both the Tax and Customs Services over-executed the revenue plan. Moreover, the NBU transferred twice the planned profit to the budget. • The European side approved the Ukraine Plan, which the government adopted to determine indicators for the Ukraine Facility. That approval will allow Ukraine to receive a EUR 1.9 bn loan from the EU in May. At the same time, the EU provided Ukraine with a EUR 1.5 bn loan in April, as the government fulfilled five indicators under the Ukraine Plan. • The USA has finally approved an aid package for Ukraine, which includes USD 7.8 bn of budget support; however, the conditions and timing of the assistance are still unknown. • As in March, annual consumer inflation amounted to 3.2% yoy in April. • At the April monetary policy meeting, the NBU again reduced the key policy rate from 14.5% to 13.5% per annum. • Over the past four weeks, the hryvnia exchange rate has stabilized in the UAH 39-40 per USD range.

Monthly Economic Monitoring of Ukraine No. 232, May 2024

Інститут економічних досліджень та політичних консультацій

Even tho. Pi is not launched yet on any exchange worldwide. You can easily sell your mined pi coins for cash or other cryptocurrencies, Through verified vendors/merchants Who is a pi vendor? A pi vendor is a person, that buys pi coins from miners and resell them to Investors interested in holding pi coins till mainnet launch in 2026… I will leave the whatsapp contact of my personal pi vendor. Highly recommendable………… @Pi_vendor_247 #pi network #pi coins #money

how can I sell my mined pi coins profitabily.

DOT TECH

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how can I sell my locked pi coins safety.

how can I sell my pi coins for cash in a pi APP

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what is a pi whale and how to access one.

how to sell pi coins on Bitmart crypto exchange

how to sell pi coins at high rate quickly.

when officially can i withdraw my pi Network coins.

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how to sell pi coins on Binance exchange

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how can I sell/buy bulk pi coins securely

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NO1 Uk Black Magic Specialist Expert In Sahiwal, Okara, Hafizabad, Mandi Bah...

what is the best method to sell pi coins in 2024

9th issue of our inhouse magazine Ingenious May 2024.pdf

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Monthly Economic Monitoring of Ukraine No. 232, May 2024

how can I sell my mined pi coins profitabily.