The document describes the edgewise orthodontic technique, which was developed in 1925 by Dr. Edward Angle. It involves inserting a rectangular archwire into brackets placed on the front (buccal/labial) of the teeth. The wire fits into a bracket slot measuring 0.022” x 0.028” with tie wings. Bracket placement positions on the teeth are also specified. The technique uses archwires of varying sizes to move teeth in three planes and for other purposes like anchorage preparation. It allows for good control of tooth movement but can cause more discomfort and root resorption compared to other methods due to heavier forces.

2.  It refers to the method by which a rectangular
archwire is inserted into the bracket on the edge.
 It was discovered in 1925 by Dr.Edward H. Angle.
 The wire is inserted into the bracket with the
narrow diamention placed occluso-gingivally.
 This mode of insertion of the wire is callled
edgewise and therefore the techniqe was called
edgewise technique.
 Uses:
 Control of tooth movement
 Gaining space

3.  Bracket slot-0.022 ″×0.028″ with single or
double tie-wings.
 Slot projects horizontally from the base of the
bracket.
 Bonded and welded brackets are available.

5.  Maxillary central incisor:3.5mm from the
incisal edge to the bracket base
 Maxillary lateral incisor:3mm from the incisal
edge to the bracket base
 Maxillary cuspids:4.5mm from the incisal edge
to the bracket base
 Maxillary bicuspids:3.5mm from the buccal
cusp tip to the bracket base
 Maxillary molars:middle third of the crown

6.  Mandibular incisors:2.5mm from the incisal
edge to the bracket base
 Mandibular cuspids:3.5mm from the incisal
edge to the bracket base
 Mandibular bicuspids:3mm from the buccal
cusp tip to the bracket base
 Mandibular molars:middle third of the crown
 All brackets were centered mesiodistally on
buccal surfaces of the teeth.

8.  1ststep:its made in the horizontal plane of
labial and buccal contour of teeth.
 2nd step:made in vertical plane
 Uses:
o mesial distal inclination
o uprightening of teeth
o elevation and depressing of teeth
o Anchorage preparation
o paralleing of roots of certain teeth

9.  3rdstep:bends used to the tip of the crowns or
roots labially or lingually or buccally placed
by twisting the archwire

10.  Diameter of the wire:0.012″×0.020″or
0.016″×0.016″to 0.018″×0.018″ square
wings

11.  maxillary and mandibular cuspid retraction using
open coil springs loops headgears to augment
anchorage
 For mandibular incisors:0.019″×0.026″ archwire
with closing loop

12.  Using tip back bands in the buccal segment on a
0.019″×0.026″ archwire

13.  bodily rectraction with special helical
closing loops in 0.0215″×0.0285″ archwire

14.  Move teeth in all 3 planes
 Good control over tooth movement
 Precise finishing is possible
 Bodily tooth movement is possible

15.  Forces were used heavy so the incidence of
patient discomfort and root resorption
 Complex wire bending
 Difficulty to open deep bite
 Increase friction between archwire and the
bracket