Scope of work

SCOPE OF WORKSCOPE OF WORK
FORFOR
CIVIL ENGINEERCIVIL ENGINEER
COMPANY : OPCLCOMPANY : OPCL

JOB PROFILEJOB PROFILE
PLANNINGPLANNING
ENGINEERENGINEER
SITESITE
ENGINEERENGINEER
DESIGNDESIGN
ENGINEERENGINEER
INFRAINFRA
STRUCTURESTRUCTURE
BUILDINGBUILDING

Scope of Planning engineeringScope of Planning engineering
worksworks
 Planning engineers engage in the Planning ofPlanning engineers engage in the Planning of
structures temporary, cost estimating, planning andstructures temporary, cost estimating, planning and
scheduling, materials procurement, selection of Bestscheduling, materials procurement, selection of Best
& cost effective construction practice control.& cost effective construction practice control.

Scope of Infra Site engineeringScope of Infra Site engineering
worksworks Infra Site engineering is aInfra Site engineering is a professional engineeringprofessional engineering
discipline that deals with the construction ofdiscipline that deals with the construction of publicpublic
andand private sectorprivate sector works such asworks such as bridgesbridges,, roadsroads,,
damsdams..
 Infra Site engineers work closely with surveyorsInfra Site engineers work closely with surveyors
and specialized civil engineers to fit and serveand specialized civil engineers to fit and serve
fixed projects within their given site, communityfixed projects within their given site, community
and terrain by designing grading, drainage,and terrain by designing grading, drainage,
pavementpavement, water supply, sewer service, electric, water supply, sewer service, electric
and communications supply and land (realand communications supply and land (real
property) divisions.property) divisions.

Building Site Engineering WorksBuilding Site Engineering Works
Structure, Electrical, Plumbing,Structure, Electrical, Plumbing,
Architecture, Land Scapping, FireArchitecture, Land Scapping, Fire
Fighting, InteriorFighting, Interior

Design Engineering WorksDesign Engineering Works
Structure DesignStructure Design
Architecture & Plumbing DesignArchitecture & Plumbing Design
Electrical DesignElectrical Design

Measurement for Civil
Engineering Works
 The civil works measurement referred to a document called 'CivilThe civil works measurement referred to a document called 'Civil
Engineering Standard Method of Measurement '(CESMM).Engineering Standard Method of Measurement '(CESMM).
 Before this document is produced, the party who responsible for theBefore this document is produced, the party who responsible for the
working measurement refers to the method adopted in the Unitedworking measurement refers to the method adopted in the United
Kingdom namedKingdom named ‘CESMM 2nd Edition or 3rd Edition’.
 There are a large part of the measurement refer to methods used inThere are a large part of the measurement refer to methods used in
building works or more unfortunate, they use their ownbuilding works or more unfortunate, they use their own
measurement system. This led to inconsistencies in measurementmeasurement system. This led to inconsistencies in measurement
procedures. As a result, contractors have difficulty to appreciateprocedures. As a result, contractors have difficulty to appreciate
the tender.the tender.
 The actual measurement work must take into account the level ofThe actual measurement work must take into account the level of
complexity of work undertaken. Work measurement for any onecomplexity of work undertaken. Work measurement for any one
item of work is also closely related to the methodology anditem of work is also closely related to the methodology and
construction activitiesconstruction activities

Contract Documentation for Civil
Engineering
1.1. Conditions of contractConditions of contract ––a written agreement intended toa written agreement intended to
be enforceable by law to bind the appointed contractor withbe enforceable by law to bind the appointed contractor with
the employer based on an agreed conditions.the employer based on an agreed conditions.
2.2. Contract DrawingsContract Drawings –– technical / detailed constructiontechnical / detailed construction
drawings for measurement / costing by QS / engineers –drawings for measurement / costing by QS / engineers –
prepared by architect / engineers.prepared by architect / engineers.
3.3. Specification / PreamblesSpecification / Preambles -- A concise description ofA concise description of
materials and workmanship, standard or quality ofmaterials and workmanship, standard or quality of
workmanship. It must convey the architect and engineer’sworkmanship. It must convey the architect and engineer’s
requirements.requirements.
4.4. Bill of QuantitiesBill of Quantities –– prepared by Quantity Surveyor basedprepared by Quantity Surveyor based
on measurement from the construction drawings / buildingon measurement from the construction drawings / building
plans This document were itemized all the quantities for eachplans This document were itemized all the quantities for each
categories of works applied in constructing the buildings. E.g.categories of works applied in constructing the buildings. E.g.
building works, mechanical, electrical works, civil, structuralbuilding works, mechanical, electrical works, civil, structural
works, infrastructure works, etc. The contractor willworks, infrastructure works, etc. The contractor will
priced /estimate all the works associated in completing thepriced /estimate all the works associated in completing the
buildings during pre-construction stage.buildings during pre-construction stage.

Reasons for Bills of QuantitiesReasons for Bills of Quantities
 All tendering contractors base their prices on the sameAll tendering contractors base their prices on the same
information & therefore tenders are strictly comparableinformation & therefore tenders are strictly comparable
(even if an error exists in the Bill)(even if an error exists in the Bill)
 Contractors are saved the costly exercise of each having toContractors are saved the costly exercise of each having to
take off quantities for themselves.take off quantities for themselves.
 Bills provide a fair basis for valuing variations andBills provide a fair basis for valuing variations and
adjustments for the final account.adjustments for the final account.
 Bills may provide a convenient basis for valuation ofBills may provide a convenient basis for valuation of
certificated stage payments during the contract, before thecertificated stage payments during the contract, before the
accurate re-measurement figures are available.accurate re-measurement figures are available.
 Bills provide an approximate checklist for the contractor toBills provide an approximate checklist for the contractor to
order materials and other resources.order materials and other resources.
 Bills can provide data for cost analysis for use in costBills can provide data for cost analysis for use in cost
planning of future projects.planning of future projects.

Scope of measurement basedScope of measurement based
on CESMMon CESMM
 Various civil engineering works includingVarious civil engineering works including
roads, railway, bridges, artificial channels,roads, railway, bridges, artificial channels,
canals and drainage, shipyard, ports, bases,canals and drainage, shipyard, ports, bases,
embankments, structure-breaking waves andembankments, structure-breaking waves and
drainage work.drainage work.
 Apart from that it also includes projects suchApart from that it also includes projects such
as structural engineering among others, metalas structural engineering among others, metal
work, reinforced concrete work, stone work,work, reinforced concrete work, stone work,
wood work and brick workwood work and brick work

Procedures and Practices ofProcedures and Practices of
CESMMCESMM
 Include the scope of most project management such as:Include the scope of most project management such as:

selection types of contracts,selection types of contracts,

documentation,documentation,

preparation of drawings,preparation of drawings,

specifications,specifications,

project information,project information,

contract terms and list of quantities,contract terms and list of quantities,

preparation of list of material requirements / quantities,preparation of list of material requirements / quantities,

Method statement - detailed list of detailed constructionMethod statement - detailed list of detailed construction
work with short explanation with quantity measured bywork with short explanation with quantity measured by
CESMMCESMM

Explanation on the scope of work that will be implementedExplanation on the scope of work that will be implemented
by the contractor and then be the basis for pricing theby the contractor and then be the basis for pricing the
tender.tender.

Purpose of CESMMPurpose of CESMM
 The main purpose of the measurementThe main purpose of the measurement
based on CESMM is forbased on CESMM is for coordinating andcoordinating and
planning of the quantity list, to list theplanning of the quantity list, to list the
details of work to ensure consistencydetails of work to ensure consistency
and systematic and to state the newand systematic and to state the new
techniques of construction clearly.techniques of construction clearly.

FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF CESMMFUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF CESMM
CESMM; Section 1CESMM; Section 1
DefinitionsDefinitions
 A number of definitions are contained.A number of definitions are contained.
 Referring to words / expression that will beReferring to words / expression that will be
defined in the CESMM and preparation of bill ofdefined in the CESMM and preparation of bill of
Quantities.Quantities.
 Words and expression defined in the CESMMWords and expression defined in the CESMM
shall have the same meaning when defining theshall have the same meaning when defining the
words / expression in the Conditions of Contractwords / expression in the Conditions of Contract
and the Specificationsand the Specifications
 Please refer toPlease refer to CESMM-Section 1: definitionsCESMM-Section 1: definitions..

General PrinciplesGeneral Principles
 In this section , it clarify the following:In this section , it clarify the following:

The application and extent of CESMMThe application and extent of CESMM

Objective of CESMMObjective of CESMM

Objectives of the Bill of QuantitiesObjectives of the Bill of Quantities
 Malaysian Standard Method ofMalaysian Standard Method of
Measurement for Civil Engineering WorksMeasurement for Civil Engineering Works
(CESMM) to be used in conjunction with the(CESMM) to be used in conjunction with the
conditions of contract for Civil Engineeringconditions of contract for Civil Engineering
works.works.
 Refer to CESMM-SECTION 2Refer to CESMM-SECTION 2

Application of the Work ClassificationApplication of the Work Classification
 Work classification divides work intoWork classification divides work into 1818 mainmain
classes; Class A- Class Rclasses; Class A- Class R
 Each class comprises up toEach class comprises up to 3 division3 division which classifywhich classify
work at successive level of detail.work at successive level of detail.

First divisionFirst division

Second divisionSecond division

Third divisionThird division
 Each division comprises a list of up toEach division comprises a list of up to 8 descriptive8 descriptive
features of work.features of work.
 Each item description shall identify the componentEach item description shall identify the component
of work covered with respect to one feature fromof work covered with respect to one feature from
each division of the relevant class.each division of the relevant class.

Coding & Numbering of ItemsCoding & Numbering of Items
 Each item in the work classification has been placed withEach item in the work classification has been placed with
the code and numbering system thatthe code and numbering system that alphabeticallyalphabetically andand notnot
more than three digitsmore than three digits..
 The letter corresponds to the class in the workThe letter corresponds to the class in the work
classification in which the items occurs and the digits giveclassification in which the items occurs and the digits give
the position of the item in the first, second and thirdthe position of the item in the first, second and third
divisions of the class.divisions of the class.
 E.g. CodeE.g. Code F.3.1.0F.3.1.0 identifies an item asidentifies an item as
Class F concrete worksClass F concrete works
11stst
Division 3 precast concreteDivision 3 precast concrete
22ndnd
Division 1 beamsDivision 1 beams
33rdrd
Divison 0Divison 0
 DescriptionDescription: F.3.1.0 - Precast concrete, in beams: F.3.1.0 - Precast concrete, in beams

Coding & Numbering of ItemsCoding & Numbering of Items
 ReasonsReasons::

It gives an advantage to the tendered contractors dueIt gives an advantage to the tendered contractors due
to bills that have code.to bills that have code.

Quantity surveyor feels that they are assisted by theQuantity surveyor feels that they are assisted by the
code and numbering system and can be used as a briefcode and numbering system and can be used as a brief
reference to the file system and data costs.reference to the file system and data costs.
 Each class work contains a set of measurements,Each class work contains a set of measurements,
definitions, coverage, additional rules of measurementdefinitions, coverage, additional rules of measurement
that expands and clarify all information and evidence.that expands and clarify all information and evidence.
 Every classification of work explains every units for eachEvery classification of work explains every units for each
item of work, within the total allocation and numberingitem of work, within the total allocation and numbering
system for each item, the items in units of meters long, insystem for each item, the items in units of meters long, in
units of square meters of area (hectares for cleaning site),units of square meters of area (hectares for cleaning site),
unit volume and weight and metric units.unit volume and weight and metric units.

CESMM; SECTION 4CESMM; SECTION 4
(Code & Numbering of Items)(Code & Numbering of Items)
Applications for Bridge WorkApplications for Bridge Work

CESMM; SECTION 4CESMM; SECTION 4
(Code & Numbering of Items)(Code & Numbering of Items)
Applications for Road worksApplications for Road works

Preparations of the Bill of QuantitiesPreparations of the Bill of Quantities
 The preparation of BQ shall be started priorThe preparation of BQ shall be started prior
to the completion of measurement works.to the completion of measurement works.
 Section of the bill of Quantities:Section of the bill of Quantities:

PreamblePreamble

Work items – division of the BQ into parts.Work items – division of the BQ into parts.

Day work scheduleDay work schedule

Grand summary / tender summaryGrand summary / tender summary

Form & Setting of BQForm & Setting of BQ

Completion, Pricing and Use of the BQCompletion, Pricing and Use of the BQ
 Rates and prices shall be inserted in theRates and prices shall be inserted in the
rate column inrate column in Ringgit MalaysiaRinggit Malaysia withwith SenSen
inserted as decimal fractions of oneinserted as decimal fractions of one
Ringgit.Ringgit.
 Each part of the BQ shall be totaledEach part of the BQ shall be totaled
and the total carried to the Grandand the total carried to the Grand
SummarySummary

Method-Related ChargesMethod-Related Charges
 Meaning: the sum for an item inserted in the BQ by aMeaning: the sum for an item inserted in the BQ by a
tenderer.tenderer.
 Two types:Two types:

Time-related chargesTime-related charges – a method-related charge for– a method-related charge for
work, the cost of which is to be considered aswork, the cost of which is to be considered as
proportional to the length of time taken to execute theproportional to the length of time taken to execute the
workwork

Fixed charge-Fixed charge- a method-related charge which is not aa method-related charge which is not a
time related charge.time related charge.
 A tenderer may insert in the BQ the method related chargesA tenderer may insert in the BQ the method related charges
as he may decide to cover items of works relating to hisas he may decide to cover items of works relating to his
intended method of executing the works, the cost of whichintended method of executing the works, the cost of which
are not to be considered as proportional to the quantities ofare not to be considered as proportional to the quantities of
the other items and for which he has not allowed in the ratesthe other items and for which he has not allowed in the rates
and prices for the other items.and prices for the other items.

Planning, Scheduling and Management form the basis for any construction activity. ThoughPlanning, Scheduling and Management form the basis for any construction activity. Though
discussiondiscussion
here is about construction, the same principles hold good for any organisation.here is about construction, the same principles hold good for any organisation.
PlanningPlanning
Planning is the decision-making process about What, Where, Who and How (WWWH) to start aPlanning is the decision-making process about What, Where, Who and How (WWWH) to start a
project.project.
What:What:
An individual or a group of enterprising people plan to start a project. They form a groupAn individual or a group of enterprising people plan to start a project. They form a group
of high level managers. They identify goals, frame the objective and identify opportunities. Theof high level managers. They identify goals, frame the objective and identify opportunities. The
planningplanning
done by them may be called as strategic planning.done by them may be called as strategic planning.
Where:Where:
The strategic planners decide the lime and the place of starting the organisation.The strategic planners decide the lime and the place of starting the organisation.
Who:Who:
The strategic planners identify the middle level managers and operational level plannersThe strategic planners identify the middle level managers and operational level planners
to carry out the task. The middle level management deals with financial management andto carry out the task. The middle level management deals with financial management and
coordinatescoordinates
with operational planners and strategic planners.with operational planners and strategic planners.
How:How:
The operational planners have to work at minute details of the work assigned, find theThe operational planners have to work at minute details of the work assigned, find the
requirement of machinery and work force and plan day to day activities. They should be readyrequirement of machinery and work force and plan day to day activities. They should be ready
withwith
alternative plans, if uncertainity creeps in at any stage.alternative plans, if uncertainity creeps in at any stage.
PLANNING ENGINEERPLANNING ENGINEER

Scope of work

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