Weitere ähnliche Inhalte Ähnlich wie Smarter Buildings Game Design for LTMS 531: Designing Serious Games & Simulations (20) Mehr von Andy Petroski (20) Kürzlich hochgeladen (20) Smarter Buildings Game Design for LTMS 531: Designing Serious Games & Simulations1. LTMS 531 Design Document
Game Design Document
SmyeCity
12/16/13
Created by
Harrisburg University
LTMS 531: Designing Games & Simulations
Jenica Jones, Charles Palmer, Andy Petroski, Cameron Spurlock
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Table of Contents
Table of Contents
Introduction: Executive Summary
Business Issue
Game Goal
Instructional Strategy
Target Audience
Learning Objectives
Game Theme & Storyline
Character Information
Learner Role
Player Characters
Non-Player Characters
Gameplay
Game Structure
Game Progression
Game Balance
Game Technology & Functionality
Tracking & Scoring
User Experience
Interface
Graphic Treatment
Sample Dialogue / Character Interaction
Use Cases
Media Components
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Introduction: Executive Summary
This document describes an opportunity to apply Serious Game and Gamification thinking to better
understand and transfer knowledge around the emerging field of Smarter Buildings. Investigation of
problems using serious game tactics is becoming a more mainstream practice today, especially when
complexity of the problem is a central concern. Making buildings smarter and helping people
understand the role our buildings play in our society, is a subject of great complexity and therefore a
great opportunity to explore with new thinking. Consideration of how we learn about and share
knowledge around smarter building themes using serious game thinking is an innovative approach to a
complex problem.
Cities can be tremendously efficient. It is easier to provide water and sanitation to people living closer
together, while access to health, education, and other social and cultural services is also much more
readily available. However, as cities grow, the cost of meeting basic needs increases, as does the strain
on the environment and natural resources (Urban Development). With an estimated one million people
around the world moving into cities each week, new urban growth is driving demand for buildings and
energy use.
The US National Science and Technology Council estimates that commercial and residential buildings
consume a third of the world's energy. In North America, for example, this translates to 72 percent of
the electricity generation, 12 percent of the water use, and 60 percent of non-industrial waste.
If worldwide energy-use trends continue, buildings will become the largest consumer of global energy by
2025―more than the transportation and industrial sectors combined. And waste as much as half of the
electricity and water that they use.
Business Issue
Although green buildings are constructed using sustainable materials, smarter buildings are
designed to run more efficiently and—more important—to communicate with and about their
various systems.
With the unprecedented proliferation of smart sensors and control systems over the past
decade, many conventional and green buildings have the ability to measure, sense and see the
exact condition of practically everything in them. But these systems operate independently,
through a mix of vendors, and with different protocols and transport mechanisms. They also
advance and mature at different rates.
Smarter buildings that emerge from a holistic point of view involve collaboration between
facilities and IT organizations at new levels and require new transformational skills in
organizations or businesses. In addition, a smarter building doesn’t stop at the four walls that
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surround it. It’s important to consider how a building can interact with and be affected by its
surroundings—its externalities.
As buildings are designed, constructed, used, inhabited and maintained there are opportunities
for smart operations, but the disconnected strategies and actions of stakeholders makes it
difficult to coordinate all of the moving parts into one, cohesive ecosystem. In addition,
consumers and taxpayers are not informed enough to expect coordination among stakeholders
for better quality of life as a result of smart building design and operations.
Business Solution
There are two (2) primary audiences to be addressed in solving the business issue.
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Target Audience 1: Young adults, ages 17-24, that will influence public policy, make living and
inhabiting decisions as city dwellers and support municipalities as voters and taxpayers are a
target audience for the game. Some members of this audience may also find themselves as
members of target audience 2 as they establish careers in the audience 2 fields and rise to
leadership positions. The goal of connecting with this audience is that they make good decisions
as building consumers and inhabitants and demand smart building rent and purchase options as
city inhabitants.
Target Audience 2: Municipality employees, architects, builders, utility companies, city planners,
civil engineers, building suppliers, real estate agencies and anyone who may impact the
planning, development, use and maintenance of buildings are a target audience for the game.
The goal of connecting with this audience is that they exercise distributed, but shared
responsibility in building design, construction, use and maintenance to positively impact the
economic, environmental, inhabitancy and systemic performance of a building.
It is proposed that a transmedia game experience be created to address target audience 1: young adults
17-24. The game design is detailed in the remainder of this document.
The proposed solution for target audience 2: municipalities, builders, utilities, city planners and anyone
who may impact the development, use and maintenance of buildings is a digital portal to include the
following:
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A municipality’s total Smarter City score based on smart buildings, contractor readiness and the
municipality’s residents’ scores/performances in the Smarter City game (target audience 1
solution).
A municipality’s score on Smarter City elements/categories.
The ability for a municipality to compare its scores with other municipalities in the state, country
and around the world, including comparing to municipalities that are similar to it in population,
infrastructure and size.
A planner and contractor portal that promotes Smarter City education and communication.
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A resident/player (target audience 1) portal for score comparison, communication and
connection to the municipality/planner/contractor portal.
Game Goal
The goal of the game is to connect choices made within the system to positively impact the
economic, environmental, inhabitancy and systemic performance of a building.
Instructional Strategy
Target Audience
Young adults, ages 17-24, that will influence public policy, make living and inhabiting decisions as city
dwellers and support municipalities as voters and taxpayers are a target audience for the game. Some
members of this audience may also find themselves as members of target audience 2 as they establish
careers in the audience 2 fields and rise to leadership positions. The goal of connecting with this
audience is that they make good decisions as building consumers and inhabitants and demand smart
building rent and purchase options as city inhabitants.
Learning Objectives
1. Coordinate the stakeholders in building design, construction, use, inhabitance, and
maintenance.
2. Make decisions as a stakeholder in building design, construction, use, inhabitance and
maintenance to positively impact the economic, environmental, inhabitancy and systemic
performance of a building.
3. Make decisions as a stakeholder that will convert a current state building to an optimal future
state to positively impact the economic, environmental, inhabitancy and systemic performance
of a building.
4. Implement green initiatives and smarter building activities to positively impact building
performance.
5. Consider building externalities as part of making decisions that impact building performance.
6. Select equipment that positively impacts a building’s performance.
7. Monitor the performance and interdependence of equipment in buildings as to whether it
negatively or positively impacts the building performance and externalities.
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Game Theme & Storyline
Premise: As a new city resident you want to explore your surroundings. As you do, you learn
more about your environment, you learn why your city should be a smart city and you begin to
take a role in improving the city’s buildings and their environmental and economic impact. You
must explore, build your skills, and consider support and opposition to make your city the
smartest city in the world.
Backstory: Like many cities in the world, the need for building renovation and new construction
is being driven by an ever increasing population. Your city’s infrastructure is old, and
renovation and new construction projects often don’t take into account how the existing
approach can be improved through planning, communication and coordination. As a result, a
recent worldwide municipalities survey has indicated that your city is the most negligent city in
the world. You love your city and want to see it prosper. What can you do to make your city
smarter?
Theme: Can a single citizen make an impact on a city’s evolution while balancing the
environmental and financial impact and at the same time keep all constituents satisfied?
Setting: The setting for the game will be a generic city environment.
Plot and Gameplay Summary: As a new resident of your city, you need to explore your
surroundings. As you do, you uncover the environmental and financial impacts of the buildings
around you. The more you uncover, the larger an area you can explore until you can move
about the entire city. Your depth and breadth of exploration gives you increased status in the
community and increased impact as a citizen, community organizer and voter. As your status
increases you receive assignments that involve you in building maintenance, city planning,
contractor communication and building approval. At the same time, you receive push and pull
from friends, family, government officials, contractors and community organizations to make
decisions based on their point-of-view. You need to balance the community’s point-of-view
with the need for a smarter city. Your goal is to earn badges that indicate your knowledge of
the impacts, challenges and requirements for building a smarter city, collect points that can be
traded for real world status indicators and prizes, and impact your real-world municipality’s
Smarter City status through your performance in the game. The ultimate goal is that the player
becomes engaged in activities that impact the city by first identifying and addressing issues that
are more impactful on them as the individual player. The player’s rise to leadership may be one
that is unwilling or unwittingly assumed in the game.
Gameplay Environment: This will be a transmedia experience for players through web-based
gameplay, an online information portal, social media communication and real-world status
indicators and prizes.
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Character Information
Learner Role
The learner will choose from among several options to play as the player character. Before choosing the
player character the learner will complete a series of profile questions, the results of which will point
them toward one player character, in favor of the others. The player will have the option to choose the
suggested player character or to choose from among the other player character options.
Player character options include soccer mom, environmental activist, young Republican, new college
grad or hipster.
Player Characters
All the player characters live in the same residence. Characters that are not chosen by the learner as the
player character will become non-player characters (NPCs) that the player character may interact with in
the game.
Soccer Mom
About the Character: Alice Kramden is a single, middle aged mother of two boys. Her week days are
filled with a part-time job at the local coffee house and volunteering for various community events.
While her weekends center around the boys various sports and social activities, she makes time for
herself, when she can, prefers watching CNN and listening to NPR over reading the WSJ. She loves her
neighborhood, her neighbors, and a close circle of friends. The family owns one older car and tries to
keep the noise down in the early evening.
Game Role: Protagonist/Hero
Environmental Activist
About the Character: The Environmental activist, or “Enviro-punk”, is a strong advocate for all
components of nature. Though their ideas and demeanor can sometimes be considered radical or even
misanthropic, they ultimately strive to make waves for the greater good. Young, brash and outspoken,
but not unwilling to listen to others, the Enviropunk actively seeks the betterment of not only
themselves, but of those around them, and of course mother nature.
Game Role: Protagonist/Hero. The role of the Environmental activist is to get to the heart of what is
hurting the environment they live in - and to make a change of any kind for the better.
Young Republican
About the Character: Dan is in his early 30’s, college graduate with a wife and child. He is tall and good
looking. He is articulate and charismatic. He owns a manufacturing company. He is passionate about
politics and keeping the government out of his way and lowering taxes. He is tired of taxes and
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regulations . He was recently told that the price of one of his parts was doubling because the supplier
had new EPA regulations he had to comply with ran the prices up. He hasn’t been able to expand his
business or hire new employees because he hasn’t been able to get the loans he needs.
Game Role: Protagonist/Hero
New College Grad
About the Character: Character is a new college graduate that just moved into the building. He/she is in
their early-mid 20’s with an entry level job. Times are tough and student loans are expensive to pay
back and the grad is very concerned with reducing the cost of living while still being able to enjoy his
home. The Grad’s role is to try and find ways to cut utility bill costs. This character is energetic and
excited to help out his fellow neighbors by putting his talents and ideas to work. The Grad is friendly
and social, wanting to reach out to his neighbors in an effort to help make everyone’s life a little easier.
Game Role: Protagonist/Hero
The Hipster
About the Character: Taylor Dunworthy is a social media and web marketing professional who likes to
start new trends, or at least get in on the early stages of trend setting. Once a trend is established
though, Taylor is on to the next best thing. He/she likes the social media and web marketing job , but
also wishes there was more flexibility in the work schedule including optional work locations. Taylor
likes the neighborhood he/she lives in, but she is rarely home. He/she considers himself/herself a
whole city person and doesn’t stay close to home or keep up-to-date with building or neighborhood
issues that much.
Game Role: Protagonist/Hero
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Non-Player Characters
Marvin Vonneworth
About the Character: Marvin is a semi-successful, middle-aged writer who teaches English and Creative
Writing at the local community college. His surly demeanor makes it difficult to get to know him,
although he is always liberal with a “hello” as well as a question about noises coming from your
apartment. He questions the player’s actions in the early stages of the game, but eventually realizes
the benefits for him as a result of the player’s exploration and actions towards a smarter apartment
building.
Game Role: Co-Protagonist / Ally
Other non-player character types:
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Landlord/Building Official
Small Business Owner
School Official
Township Official
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Gameplay
Game Structure
The game begins with the player character moving in to his/her new apartment building. The player is
given choices on where to park and how to enter the building and traverse the floors to the apartment.
As the player makes his/her way to the new apartment he/she is presented with observable items (like a
broken safety light, inefficient lighting, lack of security, open windows, open doorways, water
dripping/running, etc.) that could have an impact on the efficiency, safety and sustainability of the
building. The player is not asked to interact with the observable items as they move in. They are to
signify the status of the building and signify the status of the city at the beginning of the game. The
changing status of the items will represent progress in the game at a later stage.
Move in to the apartment (Introduction)
a. Parking
1. Park in garage
2. Park in street
b. Enter the building and go to your apartment (no badging)
1. Take the stairs
2. Take the elevator
c. Enter the hallway and walk to your apartment
1. Open window
2. Open doorways
3. Hear a toilet running or water dripping
d. Enter apartment (lights left on or pitch dark and difficult to find switch)
Note: As the player moves into the building he/she sees something about the building that hints
to issues.
Note: Somewhere in the scenes and/or feedback display there’s an indicator that your city is the
most neglected city in the world.
The game progresses with the player making decisions as part of living out his/her daily life at work,
home and play. One of the first interactions might be selecting a takeout restaurant from which to
order the first meal in the new apartment (give the learner a choice of the type of restaurant).
In this scenario, as the player character waits for the food to be delivered, he/she interacts with nonplayer characters in the building and receives feedback about the timeliness, cost and quality of food
service delivery in the area. At a variable point, the game fast-forwards to a time in the future well
beyond the expected time of food delivery. When the food arrives, it is cold and ends up costing more
than one would expect for takeout food and delivery.
The player is given options that include doing nothing, calling the restaurant to complain or talking to
one of the non-player characters in the building. Doing nothing will negatively impact the player’s status
and progress. Talking to a non-player character will provide additional information and direction,
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(resources) but no additional status or progress. Contacting the restaurant to complain will lead to the
player character visiting the restaurant to investigate the problems the owner reveals during the call.
In the restaurant the player will be able to talk with the owner and investigate areas of the restaurant
building and operations that might be impeding the restaurant’s efficiency and revenue/expense needs,
including items that might impact the facilities energy efficiency, equipment servicing and maintenance,
space utilization and the reduction of solid waste.
Other in-apartment and out-of-apartment scenarios will evolve around laundry/dry cleaning, grocery
shopping, work productivity and entertainment activities. As the player character solves building-relate
problems related to his/her daily life his/her influence on and responsibility for smart building choices in
the apartment building, the surrounding community and the city will increase.
General Mechanics
● Choose an activity
● Choose to address an issue
● Explore the building, neighborhood or city for challenges to becoming a smart building/city
(darkened buildings have issues). Buildings with challenges are highlighted in early levels, but
more exploration to discover challenges is required in more advanced levels of gameplay
● Ask NPCs questions/have conversation to get more information about an issue
● Ask NPCs questions/have conversation to get more information to help in addressing challenges
● Investigate to discover building challenges (scan, move, click)
● Make decisions to solve problems, based on available assets (knowledge/cost/time/resources).
Some decisions are better than others and will result in full points, status and resource rewards.
● A problem-solved for one building is then solved for all similar buildings (i.e. only have to solve
waste disposal for restaurants one time)
● Receive points, status and assets in the game for successful gameplay. Assets can also be
collected by discovering them in the gameplay environment.
● Successful gameplay results in increased resources for the building that you live in that can be
applied to making your building a smarter building.
● Receive real-world rewards for successful gameplay
● Individual gameplay status is posted on the municipality portal and impacts municipality status
among all participating municipalities
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Game Progression
The game progression indicates the primary interactions in the game and the interaction between the
player character and the environment, assets, and non-player characters.
The following graphics illustrate the primary components to be included in the game. You can link out
to view a full scale flowchart on a web page.
Opening Sequence
http://www.webspirationclassroom.com/view/1410601a244ee
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Life Interaction Sequence (Example)
http://www.webspirationclassroom.com/view/1410610a38beb
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Building Interaction Sequence (Example)
http://www.webspirationclassroom.com/view/1411595af4f8
Game Balance
As the player encounters challenges in the game they will have an opportunity to reject a challenge or
engage in a challenge through two separate paths (see 8B and 8C in the Life Interaction sequence
above).
The player is not able to fix every building challenge that is found. The ability to make changes to a
building to improve performance is based on available player assets. The player also can’t fix everything
in a building without penalty, based on the fact that fixing everything would unbalance the cost-benefit
factor of building performance (i.e. a building can be operating efficiently from an energy and
environment management perspective, but not a cost perspective).
Challenges in the building are not overtly apparent. Players need to explore areas of the building to
locate opportunities for improvement. The items to interact with will react differently to user
exploration (on rollover) to reveal the problem/challenge as players explore.
Assets can be discovered as the player explores the gameplay environment as well as received through
successful gameplay.
Interaction with NPC players at the business/non-residence building may not reveal the truth or fully
reveal the challenges of the business/building. Valuable responses will be based on the questions that
players select to ask the NPC players in the business/non-residence building and a variable output of
responses.
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A building manager NPC can decide not to apply a change to the building. The player then needs to
construct an argument from a fact/argument library to change the building manager’s mind. There is a
building manager for the apartment building.
Ongoing gameplay and an increasing level of challenge can be achieved by the player moving to a new
building and area of the city (with more challenging building analysis) as they achieve a high level of
status in their neighborhood, high points in the game or a high inventory of assets. Moving to a new
building and area of the city will require the player to work on improving their new residence as well as
rebuild his/her level of influence.
Player Type Balance
All player type preferences are addressed through various gameplay elements.
Achievers
● Points
● Asset inventory
● Apartment (residence) building status
● City status
● Player status
● Player status on the portal
Explorers
● Ability to play as various player character types with varying gameplay experiences and
dialogue
● Options in life interaction & building interaction
● Ability to explore buildings and the neighborhood
● Ability to find hidden assets during exploration as well as receive assets from successful
gameplay
● Variable gameplay in certain interactions (e.g. asset inventory restrictions, NPC
interactions)
Socializers
● Interactions with other tenants (NPCs) in the building residence
● Interactions with business/buildings NPCs to investigate the building challenges
● Interaction with other players and the municipality through the game portal
● Ability to post gameplay status updates on social media
● Automated communication from the game engine when gameplay ceases for three (3)
consecutive days
Killers
● Player status on the portal including a global leaderboard, municipality leaderboard and
more granular player status/activity leaderboards
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Game Technology & Functionality
The game will function in both mobile (Android, Microsoft & iOS) and desktop environments through
the use of HTML5 and responsive design. The game will include audio, but should be playable while on
mute or without audio capabilities.
Players should be able to save gameplay to continue with an existing player character as well as
continue by selecting a different player character. Saved gameplay status for each player will connect to
the municipality portal and the global gameplay portal. A total points/status leaderboard will be
displayed as well as specific leaderboards for more granular player status/activity.
Players should be able to post gameplay status updates to social media from within the game and from
the portal. The portal will display messages (based on player status or municipality activity/status)
prompting the player to post specific messages to social media from the portal.
A goal of the game is ongoing gameplay over a long period of time. Extended gameplay is needed to
change knowledge and attitudes about the personal impact resulting from a lack of energy and
environment management activities in buildings as well as the individual influence that can be applied
to make change in the player’s city. To facilitate ongoing gameplay over an extended period the
game/portal engine will message players with storyline advancement/activity or comparative
score/status information if the player hasn’t engaged with the game or portal in three (3) days.
Tracking & Scoring
There will be several tracking and scoring indicators that give the player a sense of overall progress as
well as building residence and business/building status and progress.
Player status will be indicated by a color indicator, an icon, a label and a sub-label (displayed on rollover
of status indicator) including:
Orange = beginner
Yellow = intermediate
Blue = advanced
The color of player status can be a combination of levels (i.e. status color might be orange/yellow or
yellow/blue). The status formula will be calculated based on total points, total interactions, efficiency in
gameplay, and social media interaction. The sub-label will indicate current influence status/level, a
general statement about improvement needed and a random fact about building energy and
environment management.
Total points will also be displayed. Points are accumulated at every decision point in the game, including
interaction with NPCs. More points are awarded for better and more efficient decisions. Points cannot
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be deducted in the game and points are cumulative gameplay points. Status and asset level can be
negatively impacted by gameplay, but not points.
Residence building status will also be indicated throughout the game to indicate how smart the building
is that the PC lives in. Resources to improve the building status are collected through successful
gameplay. When collected, the resources can be applied, at the discretion of the player, to improve the
building status.
The player will have access to assets that he/she can apply to a business/building to address a challenge.
The asset inventory will consist of finances, technology, expertise and regulation. Regulation may be a
positive asset or a negative asset, depending on the challenge being addressed. The asset inventory is a
resource repository that will function like an internal, interdependent marketplace. Finances can be
exchanged for technology and expertise and regulation may have an impact on finances, technology and
expertise.
Gameplay progress will connect to and be displayed on the portal. Gameplay points will translate into
portal points that can be used to “buy” real-world products that will be supplied by sponsors of the
portal.
User Experience
Interface
The following sketch represents the major interface elements for a desktop environment. Functionality
would be maintained on mobile platforms, but additional navigation and display levels would be
required. A larger image size is available in the Appendix.
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Graphic Treatment
The following sample interfaces represent the type of graphical treatments that will serve as the
inspiration for the game interface. Design elements will follow a realistic illustration style.
The first image is from an existing IBM game interface and could serve as a model for the main
navigation. The second image is a representation of what a neighborhood view might look like.
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The example interface that follows represents the view when inside a building. The graphics should
follow a realistic illustration style like the main interface scenes, but the in-building graphics should be
simpler to allow players to investigate the space and find elements of the building that need to be
improved to address the business/building problems being addressed.
The character graphics should follow the style of the image on the
right. A realistic illustration style should enable character emotion
to be apparent. Character emotion will be displayed as the player
character’s state is represented in the player character icon and
when the player character interacts with non-player characters.
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Use Cases
The following use cases represent sample game interaction.
Segment ID: 6
Game Segment:
Life Interaction: Food delivery
Summary of the Segment:
In this segment, the character orders food from a local restaurant as their first meal after having moved
in.
Technical Gameplay:
1. Player selects the PC’s first life interaction after moving into the building (life interaction selected =
order food)
2. Player selects which type of restaurant they would like to order from
3. Player places order with the restaurant
Content:
No learning content is embedded in this interaction.
User Interaction/Experience in the Segment:
The player is presented with a menu of life interactions at the top of the screen that can be scrolled
through. After selecting ‘order food’ from the life interactions menu the player is with 3 restaurant
options to choose from. The restaurant options include the name of the restaurant, the order and the
cost of the order.
Segment ID: 7
Game Segment:
Life Interaction: Waiting for food delivery
Summary of the Segment:
In this segment, the learner can select from a variety of options as they wait for their food delivery.
During these interactions the learner gains more information about the building and/or city .The player
can also choose to fast forward to the time of food delivery.
Technical Gameplay:
1. While waiting, the PC can walk around the apartment to explore
2. After the expected time for food delivery has passed (45 minutes = 45 seconds in game play) the
player is presented with a menu of interaction options, including fast forward the scene.
3. The player selects to go down to the front desk of the apartment to ask the doorman if the delivery
has been dropped off at the desk
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4. When the PC asks the NPC doorman if the delivery has been dropped off, a conversation results.
The NPC asks the PC where the delivery is from. When the PC answers, the NPC reveals information
about the restaurant delivery and the cost of the food at the restaurants in the neighborhood. The
pace of the dialogue is controlled by the player, but the dialogue content is pre-scripted.
Content:
Energy efficiency
Equipment servicing and maintenance
Space utilization
Solid waste reduction
User Interaction/Experience in the Segment:
The player is able to explore the apartment building and interact with various items in the room by
rolling over them for introductory information and clicking on them for more detail. More detail will
display in a pop-up window that overlays the main scene. This functionality will mimic what the player
will do when exploring businesses/buildings to identify areas for improvement.
The player will also have a menu available to the right of the main scene where he/she can choose to
interact with non-player characters to get more information about the building, the neighborhood and
the city that will support learning and future interactions in the game. To interact with a non-player
character the player will rollover the character icon to get some introductory information about the
NPC. If the player wishes to “talk” with the NPC, he/she will click on the character icon. The back-andforth dialogue will display in a pop-up window over top the main scene. Throughout the discussion the
player will have options to select from that will represent the player dialogue. The NPC will display prescripted reactions to player dialogue selections.
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References
"Urban Development." Data. N.p., n.d. Web. 08 Oct. 2013., http://data.worldbank.org/topic/urbandevelopment
http://www-01.ibm.com/software/solutions/soa/innov8/cityone/index.jsp
http://seriousgamesmarket.blogspot.com/2011/11/world-bank-institute-serious-games-for.html
http://seriousgamesmarket.blogspot.com/2011/03/serious-games-simulating-real-world.html
http://www.nathaliepattier.fr/blog/?cat=7
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Appendix
Interface Sketch
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