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23rd May 2012


SQL Server 2012 – Always On Deep Dive


 Bob Duffy
 Database Architect
 Prodata SQL Centre of Excellence
Speaker Profile – Bob Duffy
‱   Database Architect at Prodata SQL Centre Excellence, Dublin
‱   One of about 25 MCA for SQL Server globally (aka SQL Ranger)
‱   SQL Server MVP, 2009+
‱   MCM on SQL 2005 and 2008
‱   20 years in database sector, 250+ projects
‱   Senior SQL Consultant with Microsoft 2005-2008


‱ Blog http://blogs.prodata.ie/bob
Agenda
‱   Typical HADR Requirements
‱   Always On Installation
‱   Migrating to Availability Groups
‱   Planned Failover
‱   Automated Failover
‱   Active Secondary Replicas
‱   Integration with Failover Clustering
Case Study – Dell DVD Store Enterprises
  Need to accept 24 x 7 transactions
  For High Availability
    Zero down time and data loss (automatic)
    SLA to cover storage failure
    “I see web site unavailable and you are fired”
  “Reporting”
    Near real time. No more than 1 minute behind
    With minimal impact on live transactions
  Disaster Recovery
    Have second data centre. No more than 30 mins down time and 5
    minutes data loss
  Upgrade
    Any upgrade needs to be with no down time or data loss
Typical HA/DR/Reporting Architecture




Application Server(s)




                                   DR Site
Denali Always On


                                            Synchronous



                                                          Secondary Replica
                                                             (Automatic)
Application Server(s)        Asynchronous




                                                          Secondary Replica
                                                             Read Only




                                                                              DR Site


                        Secondary Replica
                         (Manual Async)
Installation
  Always On relies on WSFC
  Always On is NOT a clustered install of SQL
  Does not need Shared Disk
  Windows 2008 Server+ EE needed
  Need to Enable HadrService
    Via configuration manager
    Or via PowerShell
  Some Patches and QFE Needed
    KB 976097
    KB 2494036
Installation
Cluster + HadrService
Migrating to Always On / Denali
  Any normal migration is possible:
    Backup / Restore
    Attach / Detach
    Mirroring
    Log Shipping
    Replication
  Might need some post migration tasks
    Compatibility
    Use of new features such as Containment
Migrating to Denali
Creating your First
Availability Group
Failover to Secondary
Quorum Changes
 Required for automatic failover
 Built in feature of WSFC
 Replaces the concept of “witness” to avoid split brain
 Two recommended Steps
   1. Select nodes to vote
   2. Select the Quorum Type
      If Odd number use “Node Majority”
      If even number use “Node Majority plus File Share Witness”

 Requires QFE KB KB 2494036 to enable Voting

 May need to adjust quorum after failover outside automatic target
Flexible Failover Policy
Flexible Failover Policy provides administrators control over the
conditions when an automatic failover should be initiated.




                             Diagnostics



                           Configurable options eliminate false failover
                           Improved logging for better diagnostics
New Failure Condition Levels
Level   Condition                                      Description
0       No Automatic Failure                           Maintenance Mode
1       Failover or restart on SQL Server down         Service Down
2       Failover or restart on SQL Server              No data from
        unresponsive                                   sp_server_diagnostics

3*      Failure of restart of critical Services        sp_server_diagnostics
                                                       Return „system error‟

4       Failover or restart on moderate server         sp_server_diagnostics
        errors                                         Return „resource error‟


5       Failover or restart on any qualified failure   sp_server_diagnostics
        conditions                                     Return „query processing
                                                       error‟
Automated Failover
Secondary Replica Features
  Failover
  Backup  DBCC
  Reporting Queries
  AlwaysOn AutoStat
  Automatic Page Repair
Read Only Replicas
Secondary Replica – Active Log Sync
                            Log
                           Capture         Network           Log Recieve
             DB1                                                                DB1



                           Log Pool
Commit                                                                                      Redo
                                                                                           Thread

         Log Cache
                                                               Log Cache                    Redo
                                                                                            Pages

Log Flush                                                                Log Harden         Page
                                                                                           Updated
            DB1 Log        DB1 Data         Acknowledge        DB1 Log
                                              Commit                                  DB1 Data



         Secondary read is behind primary
             Log is first hardened and then applied
                Redo thread is asynchronous and runs in the background
             Latency (typically seconds) can be larger for log intensive operations like bulk
             import or index create/rebuild
             Sync Replica minimizes latency due to network issues
Auto-Stats on Readable Secondary
  Query Optimization and Statistics
    SQL Server uses cost based optimizer that heavily relies on object statistics
    If statistics are missing, SQL Server automatically creates them and persists


  Auto-stat on readable secondary will require physical Changes
    Example: Table T1 (C1, C2, C3)
       Query on primary with predicate (C3 > 10).
       SQL Server auto-create the statistics, if needed, on column C3 on primary
       replica
       Won‟t work on Readable Secondary as it will cause physical changes to the
       database.
    Similar issue if the statistical information is stale on the secondary replica.


  Solution
    Auto-create statistics on the secondary replica but persist them in TempDB
    Existing catalog views (e.g. sys.stats) show temporary statistics
Unplanned Disaster!
Availability Groups and Failover Cluster Instance




                            



                            >
Coming up

Speaker     Title                                                   Room
            Gruesome, Grotesque and Gory – Horrors Stories from the
Quest                                                               Aintree
            World of IT
Idera       Tricks of the Trade - DBA tools                            Lancaster
            Data Replication Redefined – best practices for replicating
Attunity                                                                Empire
            data to SQL Server
Fusion-io   Myths and Monsters of Flash                                Derby
            Real Time and Historical Performance Troubleshooting with
SQLSentry                                                             Pearce
            SQL Sentry




                #SQLBITS
Questions ?
AlwaysOn Resources
“Denali” AlwaysOn Resource Center:
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-
us/sqlserver/gg490638(en-us,MSDN.10)

 CTP download
 Documentation
 MSDN forums
 Microsoft Connect
 AlwaysOn Blog
Trace Flag 9532 TSQL features
Important – Trace Flag 9532
Some Always On Availability Groups features require that the instances of SQL
Server that host availability replicas have been enabled for trace flag 9532. For
information about which Transact-SQL options require enabling this trace flag,

    CREATE AVAILABILITY GROUP Transact-SQL options:
       Using more than two REPLICA ON clauses
       FAILURE_CONDITION_LEVEL
       HEALTH_CHECK_TIMEOUT
       SESSION_TIMEOUT
    Using any of the following ALTER AVAILABILITY GROUP
    Transact-SQL options:
       ADD REPLICA ON
       REMOVE REPLICA
       ADD DATABASE
       REMOVE DATABASE
       ENDPOINT_URL
       FAILURE_CONDITION_LEVEL
       HEALTH_CHECK_TIMEOUT
       SESSION_TIMEOUT
Thank You!

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Sql server 2012 - always on deep dive - bob duffy

  • 1. 23rd May 2012 SQL Server 2012 – Always On Deep Dive Bob Duffy Database Architect Prodata SQL Centre of Excellence
  • 2. Speaker Profile – Bob Duffy ‱ Database Architect at Prodata SQL Centre Excellence, Dublin ‱ One of about 25 MCA for SQL Server globally (aka SQL Ranger) ‱ SQL Server MVP, 2009+ ‱ MCM on SQL 2005 and 2008 ‱ 20 years in database sector, 250+ projects ‱ Senior SQL Consultant with Microsoft 2005-2008 ‱ Blog http://blogs.prodata.ie/bob
  • 3. Agenda ‱ Typical HADR Requirements ‱ Always On Installation ‱ Migrating to Availability Groups ‱ Planned Failover ‱ Automated Failover ‱ Active Secondary Replicas ‱ Integration with Failover Clustering
  • 4. Case Study – Dell DVD Store Enterprises Need to accept 24 x 7 transactions For High Availability Zero down time and data loss (automatic) SLA to cover storage failure “I see web site unavailable and you are fired” “Reporting” Near real time. No more than 1 minute behind With minimal impact on live transactions Disaster Recovery Have second data centre. No more than 30 mins down time and 5 minutes data loss Upgrade Any upgrade needs to be with no down time or data loss
  • 6. Denali Always On Synchronous Secondary Replica (Automatic) Application Server(s) Asynchronous Secondary Replica Read Only DR Site Secondary Replica (Manual Async)
  • 7. Installation Always On relies on WSFC Always On is NOT a clustered install of SQL Does not need Shared Disk Windows 2008 Server+ EE needed Need to Enable HadrService Via configuration manager Or via PowerShell Some Patches and QFE Needed KB 976097 KB 2494036
  • 9. Migrating to Always On / Denali Any normal migration is possible: Backup / Restore Attach / Detach Mirroring Log Shipping Replication Might need some post migration tasks Compatibility Use of new features such as Containment
  • 13. Quorum Changes Required for automatic failover Built in feature of WSFC Replaces the concept of “witness” to avoid split brain Two recommended Steps 1. Select nodes to vote 2. Select the Quorum Type If Odd number use “Node Majority” If even number use “Node Majority plus File Share Witness” Requires QFE KB KB 2494036 to enable Voting May need to adjust quorum after failover outside automatic target
  • 14. Flexible Failover Policy Flexible Failover Policy provides administrators control over the conditions when an automatic failover should be initiated. Diagnostics Configurable options eliminate false failover Improved logging for better diagnostics
  • 15. New Failure Condition Levels Level Condition Description 0 No Automatic Failure Maintenance Mode 1 Failover or restart on SQL Server down Service Down 2 Failover or restart on SQL Server No data from unresponsive sp_server_diagnostics 3* Failure of restart of critical Services sp_server_diagnostics Return „system error‟ 4 Failover or restart on moderate server sp_server_diagnostics errors Return „resource error‟ 5 Failover or restart on any qualified failure sp_server_diagnostics conditions Return „query processing error‟
  • 17. Secondary Replica Features Failover Backup DBCC Reporting Queries AlwaysOn AutoStat Automatic Page Repair
  • 19. Secondary Replica – Active Log Sync Log Capture Network Log Recieve DB1 DB1 Log Pool Commit Redo Thread Log Cache Log Cache Redo Pages Log Flush Log Harden Page Updated DB1 Log DB1 Data Acknowledge DB1 Log Commit DB1 Data Secondary read is behind primary Log is first hardened and then applied Redo thread is asynchronous and runs in the background Latency (typically seconds) can be larger for log intensive operations like bulk import or index create/rebuild Sync Replica minimizes latency due to network issues
  • 20. Auto-Stats on Readable Secondary Query Optimization and Statistics SQL Server uses cost based optimizer that heavily relies on object statistics If statistics are missing, SQL Server automatically creates them and persists Auto-stat on readable secondary will require physical Changes Example: Table T1 (C1, C2, C3) Query on primary with predicate (C3 > 10). SQL Server auto-create the statistics, if needed, on column C3 on primary replica Won‟t work on Readable Secondary as it will cause physical changes to the database. Similar issue if the statistical information is stale on the secondary replica. Solution Auto-create statistics on the secondary replica but persist them in TempDB Existing catalog views (e.g. sys.stats) show temporary statistics
  • 22. Availability Groups and Failover Cluster Instance  >
  • 23. Coming up
 Speaker Title Room Gruesome, Grotesque and Gory – Horrors Stories from the Quest Aintree World of IT Idera Tricks of the Trade - DBA tools Lancaster Data Replication Redefined – best practices for replicating Attunity Empire data to SQL Server Fusion-io Myths and Monsters of Flash Derby Real Time and Historical Performance Troubleshooting with SQLSentry Pearce SQL Sentry #SQLBITS
  • 25. AlwaysOn Resources “Denali” AlwaysOn Resource Center: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en- us/sqlserver/gg490638(en-us,MSDN.10) CTP download Documentation MSDN forums Microsoft Connect AlwaysOn Blog
  • 26. Trace Flag 9532 TSQL features Important – Trace Flag 9532 Some Always On Availability Groups features require that the instances of SQL Server that host availability replicas have been enabled for trace flag 9532. For information about which Transact-SQL options require enabling this trace flag, CREATE AVAILABILITY GROUP Transact-SQL options: Using more than two REPLICA ON clauses FAILURE_CONDITION_LEVEL HEALTH_CHECK_TIMEOUT SESSION_TIMEOUT Using any of the following ALTER AVAILABILITY GROUP Transact-SQL options: ADD REPLICA ON REMOVE REPLICA ADD DATABASE REMOVE DATABASE ENDPOINT_URL FAILURE_CONDITION_LEVEL HEALTH_CHECK_TIMEOUT SESSION_TIMEOUT

Hinweis der Redaktion

  1. Slide ObjectiveHighlight major changes in the platform:There are new highavailability solutions.Performance was a major focus.Reducing cost and increasing flexibility were also major goals.Speaker ScriptWe have looked at just some of the changes coming in SQL Server “Denali.” As you can see, Microsoft has focused on making SQL Server the best database for mission-critical workloads with high availability improvements. Taking the current global economic situation, Microsoft has added features that let you do more with your existing investments in hardware, software, and training. Another focus has been to introduce holistic features that prevent the need for additional software or solutions. The end result is that SQL Server “Denali” can help you run your business better, giving you increased visibility into all the data that you collect so that you can turn into actionable knowledge.
  2. With AlwaysOn we are introducing a new capability called Availability group. Availability Group provides HA and DR for application databases. Availability Group provides you with a rich set of options that provide flexibility in configuration- Talk through optionsApart from these options AG also gives you improved efficiency and integrated experience.- Talk through options