Apply a classification system to a range of marine organisms found in the Maldives. Define Taxonomy State the order of classification Name organisms using binomial nomenclature Use taxonomic keys Classify organisms

1. CLASSIFICATION

2. Objectives…...
 Apply a classification system to a range of
marine organisms found in the Maldives.
 Define Taxonomy
 State the order of classification
 Name organisms using binomial
nomenclature
 Use taxonomic keys
 Classify organisms

4. Vocabulary
 These are words you must know when
classifying organisms.

5. prokaryote
• Organism that
doesn’t have a
nucleus
• Its DNA is “loose”
inside the cell
• All bacteria are
prokaryotes.

6. Eukaryote
• An organism that
has a nuceus with
DNA inside.
• All protists, fungi,
plants & animals
are eukaryotes.

7. Heterotroph
 An organism that has to eat or consume
nutrition.

8. Autotroph
 An organism that automatically feeds
itself.
 It makes its own food by photosynthesis or
chemosynthesis.

9. unicellular
 An organism with only 1 cell

18. Taxonomy
 Internationally accepted method of
classifying groups of organisms
 taxonomists

19. Order of classification
 Kingdom
 Phylum
 Class
 Order
 Family
 Genus
 Species
King Please Can Our Family Go Soon

20. “Trick” to remember the 8 taxa of
classification:
 Dumb
 King
 Phillip
 Came
 Over
 For
 Grape
 Soda

22. 8 taxa of classification
DOMAIN

23. 23
• Broadest, most inclusive taxon
• Three domains
• Archaea and Bacteria are
unicellular prokaryotes (no nucleus
or membrane-bound organelles)
• Eukarya are more complex and
have a nucleus and membrane-
bound organelles
Domains
copyright cmassengale

24. Domain
 an area of territory owned or controlled by
a particular ruler or….

25. Marine
Classifications

26. Oceanic distribution
Pacific
Atlantic
Indian
Arctic
Antarctic

27. Water temperature

28. Water salinity
 Anadromous fish
– Pacific Salmon
 Catadromous fish
– Eels
– Galaxiids
– gobies
European eel
Pacific salmon

29. Position in water column
Benthic
Pelagic

30. Habitat
Rivers
Mangroves
Reefs
Ocean

31. Diet
Herbivores
Carnivores
Omnivores

33.  Oceanic distribution
– Pacific / Atlantic / Indian
 Water temperature
– Tropical / temperate / polar
 Water salinity
– Fresh water / sea water (marine)
Marine classifications

34. Marine classifications
 Position in water column
– Benthic / pelagic
 Habitat
– rivers, mangroves, reefs, ocean
 Diet
– Herbivores, Carnivores, Omnivores

35. Plants and Animals
Plants
– They produce their own
food by Photosynthesis
– Autotrophs
Animals
– They feed on other
organisms
• Herbivores / Carnivores /
Omnivores
– Heterotrophs

36. Kingdoms
1. Monera
2. Protista
3. Fungia
4. Plantia
5. Animalia

37. Who is Carl Linnaeus?

38. Monera
 They do not have cell nucleus
 Simple organisms
 Procaryotic
– Have no true nucleus
 Example
– Bacteria and blue green algae

39. Protista
 Single celled organisms
with a large nucleus
 Simple organisms
 Eucaryotic
– Have a nucleus separated from the cytoplasm
 Example
– Algae, protozoa, flagellates and diatoms
KINGDOM PROTISTA
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UOfY26qdbU0

40. Fungia
 Unicellular
 Reproduce asexually or sexually
 Have tube like filaments
 Lack chlorophyll
 Live as saprophytes or parasites
 Examples
– Mushroom, toadstools, moulds, yeasts

41. PLANTIA
*Multicellular
*Autotrophs
Ex: Moses, ferns, flowering plants, trees
PHOTOSYNTHESIS….

42.  PLANT KINGDOM
 Kingdom Plantae

43. Animalia
 Multicellular
 Heterotrophs
 Vertebrates –
– with backbone
 Invertebrates –
– without backbone
KINGDOM ANIMALIA

44. Phyla
1. Porifera
2. Cnidaria – coelenterata
3. Platyhelminthes
4. Chaetognatha
5. Annelida
6. Bryozoa
7. Mollusca
8. Echinodermata
9. Arthropoda
10. Chordata
Parents Can
Play Cards At
Bedtime,
Morning,
Evening And
Cheat

45. Porifera
 Non-mobile animals
 They have no nervous system
 Pores present
 Filter feeders
 Examples
– Sponges
PORIFERA GENERAL CHARACTERS
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AwqOWNlLG3M

46. Cnidaria
 Have a hollow sac like body
 Only one opening
– Mouth
 Tentacles present around the mouth
 Cnidoblast stinging cells present
 Feeds on planktonic material
– Zooplankton
 Example
– Coral polyp
CNIDARIA CLASSIFICATION

47. Platyhelminthes
 Simple little worms
 Includes parasites of great economical
and medical importance
 Examples
– Tape worms,
– flukes
PLATYHELMINTHES GENERAL CHARACTERS

48. Annelida
 True worms
 Body contains many similar segments
 Examples
– Tube worms, earth worms
ANNELIDA CLASSIFICATION
ANNELIDA GENERAL CHARECTER

49. Chaetognatha
Pelagic marine animals
Few millimeters in length
Active predators
Examples
–Arrow worms

50. Arthropoda
 Largest animal phylum
 Have an exoskeleton - chitin
 Jointed legs present
 Three classes
– Crustacea,
– Arachnida
– Insecta
 Examples
– crabs, lobster,
spider and
ocean skater
ARTHOPODA CLASSIFICATION
ARTHROPODA GENERAL
CHARACTERS

51. Crustacea
Examples
–Lobster, crab

52. Mollusca
 Soft bodied organisms
 Three classes
– Gastropoda
–cowrie
– Bivalvia
–Giant clams
– Cephalopoda
–cuttlefish
MOLLUSCA
CLASSIFICATION

53. Bryozoa
 Aquatic, sedentary
and colonial animals
 Have ciliated
tentacles
 Examples
– seamat

54. Echinodermata
 Body arranged
into five radial
portions
 Have tube feet
 Well developed
gut
 Five classes
 Examples
– Starfish,
sea cucumber,
sea urchin
ECHINODERMATA
CLASSIFICATION
ECHINODERMATA GENERAL
CHARECTERS
ECHINODERMATA
CLASSIFICATION Part-1

55. Echinodermata
 Five classes
 Crinoidea
 Asteroidea
 Ophiuroidea
 Echinoidea
 Holothuroidea

56. Chordata
 Have a notochord
 Divided into two subphyla
– Prochordata
– Vertebrata

57. Binomial
Nomenclature
 Name consists of two parts
– Genus and species name
The generic name is always placed first and has a
capital letter
The specific name always comes second
Yellowfin tuna – Thunnus albacares
Albacore – Thunnus alalunga

58.  Binomial Nomenclature: Two name
naming system
 Italicized or Underlined
 1st Name = Genus
 Capitalized
 2nd Name = Species Identifier
 Lower case
Binomial Nomenclature

59. Binomial Nomenclature
Vampire bat
Desmodus rotundus
Eastern chipmunk
Tamias striatus

60. Binomial Nomenclature
Humans
Homo sapiens
Homo sapiens
Image from: http://www.earlylearning.ubc.ca/images/photo_baby.jpg

61. Tool: Dichotomous Key
 Helps identify organisms
 Questions with 2 answer choices lead
you through the key until you find the
correct organism

64. See you soon…...