Intervention lors du colloque #DHNord2019 "Corpus et archives numériques".

1. Pour un regard à 360 degrés des
corpus visuels : pratiques de mise
à disposition et de réutilisation
Antoine Courtin
✤ responsable de la cellule d’ingénierie documentaire au département
des études et de la recherche à l’Institut national d’histoire de l’art
✤ maitre de conférence associé, Université Paris Nanterre
#DHNord2019 - Lille - 18 octobre 2019

2. Triple approche qui irriguerons cette intervention…

3. Triple approche qui irriguerons cette intervention…
veilleur

4. Triple approche qui irriguerons cette intervention…
veilleur
fournisseur
/
réutilisateur

5. Triple approche qui irriguerons cette intervention…
veilleur
fournisseur
/
réutilisateur
GLAMs
&
HDA

6. Triple approche qui irriguerons cette intervention…
veilleur
fournisseur
/
réutilisateur
GLAMs
&
HDA
et parfois avec un peu de pub pour les actions en cours à l’INHA…

8. « corpus visuels numériques / numérisés »

10. Ce que nous
(tenterons) d’aborder…
• Etat des lieux des plateformes
• Des frontières qui s’estompent : data provider /
services provider / usager(s) finaux
• L(a) ’(in)dépendance entre corpus et outils
• galaxie/panorama d’outils à toutes les étapes
d’un « corpus »
• Aller au-delà des interface : fourniture de corpus
via IIIF
• du BYOD au UYOS ?
• Le paradoxe « métadonnées » et corpus visuels
• qualité et structurations des métadonnées
descriptives
• Le machine Learning dans tout ça ? Fantasme
et réalité
• Réutilisations - corpus visuels et création artistique

11. Ce que nous
(tenterons) d’aborder…
• Etat des lieux des plateformes
• Des frontières qui s’estompent : data provider /
services provider / usager(s) finaux
• L(a) ’(in)dépendance entre corpus et outils
• galaxie/panorama d’outils à toutes les étapes
d’un « corpus »
• Aller au-delà des interface : fourniture de corpus
via IIIF
• du BYOD au UYOS ?
• Le paradoxe « métadonnées » et corpus visuels
• qualité et structurations des métadonnées
descriptives
• Le machine Learning dans tout ça ? Fantasme
et réalité
• Réutilisations - corpus visuels et création artistique

12. Wikipedia commons : le musée Saint-Raymond, Toulouse Flickr : The library of Congress, etc.
Internet Archive : bibliothèque Sainte-Geneviève, Paris
Gallica Marque Blanche : Bibliothèque nationale et
universitaire de Strasbourg MédiHAL : photothèque de l’UMR PRODIG
Google Art & Culture : le MAD, Paris

13. Collective Access : Musée d’Orsay, Paris
Omeka-s : INHA
Drupal : INHA
wordpress : IRHiS - UMR
CMS Mémo: Médiathèque de Valence Romans
Yoolib :Bibliothèque Mazarine

14. Wax (based on Jeckyl) : https://stylerevolution.github.io/ >https://minicomp.github.io/wiki/#/wax/
scalar : The Alliance for Networking Visual Culture

15. http://tropy.comhttps://scantent.eu/en/#scantent
Des frontières qui s’estompent entre les acteurs …
https://www.zooniverse.org/projects/inha/digital-muret/
https://www.inventaire.proscitec.asso.fr/musee/collection-p-m-courtin/

16. Corpus visuels numérique et numérisation :
Enjeux - méthodes
https://yellowmilkmaidsyndrome.tumblr.com/

17. https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1WPS-KJptUJ-o8SXtg00llcxq0IKJu8eO6Ege_GrLaNc/edit#gid=1216556120
https://iconautes.inha.fr/fr/index/rapport-final-images-usages.html

18. Corpus visuels numérique et numérisation :
Nouveaux enjeux - nouvelles méthodes
source : Frédéric Kaplan
• tomographie
• GigaPixels / Reflectance Transformation Imaging (RTI) / numérisation 5D
https://artmyn.com/ > https://plateforme10.ch/fr/collection

19. Mais la numérisation d’objets
culturels posent [doivent poser]
également d’autres questions aux
historien de l’art [et pas
uniquement]

20. Les interfaces numériques posent des soucis sur l’appropriation
de la dimension des objets que l’on manipule

21. Les interfaces numériques posent des soucis sur l’appropriation
de la dimension des objets que l’on manipule

22. Les interfaces numériques posent des soucis sur l’appropriation
de la dimension des objets que l’on manipule

23. http://www.essentialvermeer.com/vermeer_in_scale_one.html#.WpWW_RPOUWq
http://waddesdon-bequest.herokuapp.com/ventesdantiques.inha.fr
Expériences d’interfaces qui essayent de donner une idée de l’échelle des oeuvres numérisées

24. Google Art & Culture - Art projector

25. L’ère de l’annotation
http://www.aioli.cloud : annotation
d’objets patrimoniaux en 3D
instance Mirador dans la Toolforge de wikimedia
avec annotations spacialisées issues de wikidata
Pundit : annotation sémantique de corpus textuel

26. logique des matriochkas
https://ccsearch.creativecommons.org
http://zone47.com/crotos/
http://openartbrowser.org/
https://www.europeana.eu/portal/en/collections/art

27. L’éditorialisation comme 1er pas des corpus des
GLAMs ?

28. avec l’accord de Fabienne Gallaire. Merci à elle

30. https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/
cb40774229c.intermarc
http://oai.bnf.fr/oai2/OAIHandler?
verb=GetRecord&metadataPrefix=oai_dc&identi
fier=oai:bnf.fr:gallica/ark:/12148/btv1b550076223
https://gallica.bnf.fr/iiif/ark:/12148/btv1b550076223/manifest.json

31. http://jennriley.com/metadatamap/ :
AGLS, APPM, DACS, EAC-CPF, EAD, GILS,
ISAAR(CPF), ISAD(G), RAD
DTD, LCC, LCSH, MARC,
MARCXML, METS, MIX, MODS,
OAI-PMH, OAIS, PB Core, PREMIS,
SGML, SRU, TGM I, TGM II, TGN,
XML, XML Schema, XPath, XQuery,
XSLT
AES Core
Audio, Atom,
CIDOC/CRM,
DC, DCAM,
FGDC/CSDGM,
FOAF, FRAD,
FRBR, FRSAD, ISO
19115, Linked Data,
OAI-ORE, QDC,
RDF, RELAX NG,
RSS, SKOS, TEI,
Topic Maps, VRA
Core, XOBIS
AACR2, AAT, ADL,
CanCore, CDWA,
CDWA Lite, DDC,
DwC, GEM,
IEEE/LOM, indecs,
ISBD, KML,
MADS, MESH,
METS Rights,
MPEG-7, ODRL,
RDA, SMIL,
TextMD, ULAN,
VSO Data
Model, XMP,
XrML, Z39.50
ADL, AES
Core Audio,
AES Process
History, Atom, BISAC,
DIF, DIG35, DTD, FOAF,
ID3, KML, Linked Data,
MathML, MO, MPEG-21 DIDL,
MPEG-7, MusicXML, MXF, NewsML,
OAIS, ODRL, ONIX, Ontology for Media
Resource, PRISM, RDF, RELAX NG, RSS,
SCORM, SKOS, SMIL, Topic Maps,
XML, XML Schema, XMP,
XPath, XQuery, XrML,
XSLT
AACR2, AGLS,
CQL, DDC, FRAD,
FRBR, FRSAD, GILS,
ISBD, LCC, LCSH,
MADS, MARC, MARC
Relator Codes, MARCXML,
MESH, METS, MIX, MODS,
OAI-PMH, OAIS, OpenURL,
PREMIS, RDA, Sears List of
Subject Headings, SRU, SWAP, TEI,
TextMD, TGM I, TGM II, VRA Core,
XML, XML Schema, XOBIS, XPath,
XSLT, Z39.50
AAT, CCO, CDWA, CDWA Lite, CIDOC/CRM,
MuseumDat, SPECTRUM, TGN, ULAN` DTD, OAI-PMH, VRA
Core, XML,
XMLSchema, XPath,
XQuery, XSLT
AES Core Audio, AES Process History, CanCore,
CCO, DC, DCAM, DTD, FGDC/CSDGM, GEM,
IEEE/LOM, MEI, METS Rights, OAI-ORE, PB
Core, QDC, RDF, SGML, TGN, XQuery
DC, DCAM, EML,
FGDC/CSDGM, GEM, GML,
IEEE/LOM, indecs, ISO 19115,
OAI-ORE, QDC, SGML, VSO Data
Model
GILS, MEI, MESH,
OAI-PMH, SWAP, TEI
AGLS, CanCore, CQL, DwC,
FRBR, LCSH, METS, MIX,
PREMIS, SRU
APPM, Atom, CDWA, CDWA Lite, CIDOC/CRM, DACS, DwC, EAC-CPF,
EAD, EML, FOAF, indecs, ISAAR(CPF), ISO 19115, Linked Data,
MPEG-21 DIDL, ONIX, RELAX NG, RSS, SKOS, Topic Maps, ULAN
AAT, ADL, DIF, ID3, ISAD(G), KML, MPEG-7, MusicXML, MXF, ODRL, RAD, SMIL, VSO Data Model, XMP, XRML
AACR2, AES Core
Audio, AES Process
History, APPM,
CanCore, DACS,
DDC, DwC,
EAC-CPF, EAD,
FGDC/CSDGM,
FRBR, GEM,
IEEE/LOM,
ISAAR(CPF), ISAD(G),
ISO 19115, KML, LCC,
LCSH, MADS, MARC
Relator Codes, MESH,
METS, METS Rights,
MPEG-7, ODRL, PB
Core, RAD, RDA,
RELAX NG, SMIL, SRU,
TEI, TextMD, XMP,
XOBIS, XrML, Z39.50
Atom, DC, DCAM,
FOAF, indecs,
Linked Data, MIX,
MODS, OAI-ORE,
OAIS, PREMIS,
QDC, RDF, RSS,
SGML, SKOS,
TGM I,
TGM II, Topic
Maps
Archives
Information
Industry
Libraries
Museums
Cultural Objects
Visual
Resources
Geospatial
Data
Moving
Images Musical
Materials
Scholarly
Texts
AAT, CCO,
CDWA, CDWA Lite,
CIDOC/CRM, DC, DTD, METS,
MIX, MPEG-21 DIDL, MuseumDat, OAI-PMH,
Ontology for Media Resource, QDC, SPECTRUM, TGN,
ULAN, VRA Core, XML, XML Schema, XPath, XSLT
APPM, DACS,
DCAM, EAC-CPF, indecs, Linked
Data, MADS, MARC Relator
Codes, METS Rights, MODS,
OAIS, PREMIS, RAD, RDF, RELAX
NG, SGML, SKOS, SRU, XQuery
Atom, DDC,
EAD, ISAAR(CPF),
ISAD(G), ISBD,
LCC, LCSH, MARC,
MARCXML,
OAI-ORE, ODRL, PB
Core, RDA, RSS,
SCORM, Sears List
of Subject Headings,
Topic Maps, XrML,
Z39.50
AGLS,
CanCore, FRBR,
GEM, IEEE/LOM,
MPEG-7, SMIL, TGM
I, TGM II, XOBIS
Strong
Sem
i-Strong
Sem
i-W
eak
Wea
k
Strong
Semi-Strong
Semi-Weak
Strong
Sem
i-Strong
Semi-Weak
Wea
k
DC,
DIF, DTD,
EML, METS,
MPEG-21 DIDL, OAIS,
QDC, VSO Data Model, XML,
XML Schema, XPath,
XSLT
AGLS,
DCAM, Linked
Data, METS Rights,
OAI-ORE, OAI-PMH,
ODRL, PREMIS, RDF,
RELAX NG, SGML, SKOS,
SRU, XQuery, XrML
Atom, DwC,
GILS, indecs,
MODS, RSS,
SCORM,
Topic Maps,
Z39.50
CanCore, DDC, EAC-CPF,
FRBR, GEM, IEEE/LOM,
ISAAR(CPF), ISBD, LCC,
MADS, MARC, MARC
Relator Codes,
MARCXML, MathML,
Ontology for Media
Resource, TGN, XMP,
XOBIS
DC, DTD,
FGDC/CSDGM,
GML, ISO
19115, KML,
OAIS, QDC,
TGN, XML, XML
Schema, XPath,
XSLT
AGLS, DCAM, EML, Linked Data,
METS, METS Rights, MPEG-21
DIDL, OAI-PMH, ODRL, PREMIS,
RDF, RELAX NG, SGML, SKOS,
SRU, XQuery, XrML
CanCore, DDC,
EAC-CPF, FRBR, GEM,
IEEE/LOM, ISAAR(CPF), ISBD,
LCC, LCSH, MADS, MARC, MARC Relator
Codes, MARCXML, Ontology for Media Resource,
Sears List of Subject Headings, XMP,
XOBIS
Datasets
DC, DTD, FRBR, LCSH,
METS, MPEG-21 DIDL,
MXF, Ontology for
Media Resource, PB
Core, QDC, XML,
XML Schema,
XPath, XSLT,
Z39.50
AACR2, CanCore, DCAM, DDC, GEM, IEEE/LOM,
indecs, ISBD, LCC, Linked Data, MADS, MARC,
MARC Relator Codes, MARCXML, METS
Rights, MODS, MPEG-7, MuseumDat,
NewsML, OAI-PMH, OAIS, ODRL, PREMIS,
RAD, RDA, RDF, RELAX NG, Sears List of
Subject Headings, SGML, SKOS, SMIL,
SRU, XMP, XOBIS, XQuery, XrML
AGLS, APPM, Atom, CIDOC/CRM,
DACS, EAC-CPF, EAD,
ISAAR(CPF), ISAD(G), OAI-ORE,
RSS, SCORM, TGN, Topic Maps
ADL, AES Core Audio,
AES Process History,
DC, DTD, FRBR, ID3,
LCSH, MEI, METS, MO,
MPEG-21 DIDL,
MusicXML, MXF,
Ontology for Media
Resource, PB Core,
QDC, XML, XML
Schema, XPath,
XSLT, Z39.50
AACR2, DCAM, DDC,
indecs, ISBD, LCC, Linked
Data, MADS, MARC, MARC
Relator Codes, MARCXML, METS
Rights, MODS, OAI-PMH, OAIS,
ODRL, PREMIS, RAD, RDA, RDF,
RELAX NG, Sears List of Subject
Headings, SGML, SKOS, SMIL, SRU,
XOBIS, XQuery, XrML
AGLS, APPM, Atom,
CIDOC/CRM, DACS, EAC-CPF, EAD,
ISAAR(CPF), ISAD(G), MPEG-7, OAI-ORE,
RSS, SCORM, Topic Maps
CanCore, GEM, IEEE/LOM, MIX,
MuseumDat, TGN, XMP
DC, DTD,
ISBD, LCSH, MESH,
METS, MPEG-21 DIDL,
OAI-ORE, OAI-PMH,
OAIS, ONIX, OpenURL,
QDC, SRU, SWAP, TEI,
TextMD, XML, XML
Schema, XPath,
XSLT, Z39.50
AACR2,
AGLS, Atom,
BISAC, DACS, DCAM,
DDC, FRBR, indecs, LCC,
Linked Data, MADS, MARC, MARC
Relator Codes, METS Rights, MODS,
PREMIS, PRISM, RDF, RELAX NG,
RSS, Sears List of Subject
Headings, SGML, SKOS, XMP,
XOBIS, XQuery, XrML
CanCore,
EAC-CPF, EAD, GEM,
IEEE/LOM, ISAAR(CPF),
ISAD(G), MARCXML, ODRL,
Ontology for Media
Resource, SCORM, TGN,
Topic Maps
MathML, MIX
AAT, CCO,
CDWA, CDWA Lite,
DC, DIG35, DTD, METS,
MIX, MPEG-21 DIDL, OAI-PMH,
OAIS, Ontology for Media Resource, PB
Core, QDC, SRU, TGM I, TGM II, TGN, ULAN,
VRA Core, XML, XML Schema, XPath, XSLT, Z39.50
AACR2, CanCore,
CIDOC/CRM, DCAM, GEM,
IEEE/LOM, indecs, ISBD, Linked Data,
MADS, MARC Relator Codes, METS
Rights, MODS, MPEG-7, MuseumDat,
NewsML, ODRL, PREMIS, RAD,
RDA, RDF, RELAX NG, SGML,
SKOS, SMIL, XMP, XOBIS,
XQuery, XrML
AGLS, APPM,
Atom, DACS,
EAC-CPF, EAD,
ISAAR(CPF),
ISAD(G), LCSH,
MARC,
MARCXML,
OAI-ORE, RSS,
SCORM, Sears
List of Subject
Headings, Topic
Maps
DDC, FRBR,
LCC
Domain Function
Purpose
Atom, DwC, GILS,
indecs, MODS, OAI-ORE,
RSS, SCORM, Topic Maps,
Z39.50
Seeing Standards:
Domain refers to the types of materials the standard is
intended to be used with or could potentially be useful for. The
specific categories represented here are not intended to be
exhaustive, nor are they mutually exclusive; rather, they are focused
on some common material types that are managed by cultural
heritage and other information organizations.
Cultural Objects refers to works of art, architecture, and
other creative endeavor.
Datasets refers to collections of primary data, largely
before interpretive activities have taken place. They may be
collected by scientific instruments, or through research
activities in the sciences, social sciences, humanities, or
other disciplines.
Geospatial Data refers to information relevant to
geographic location, either as the data about
geographic places themselves or the relationship of a
resource to a specific location.
Moving Images refers to resources expressed
as film, video, or digital moving images.
Musical Materials refers to resources
expressing music in any form, including as
audio, notation, and moving image.
Scholarly Texts refers to resources
produced as part of a research or scholastic
process, and includes both book-length and
article-length material.
Visual Resources refers to
material presented in fixed visual form.
These materials may be either artistic
or documentary in nature.
METS,
MPEG-21
DIDL, MXF,
SCORM
Atom, KML, MathML, RSSEML, MEI, MusicXML,
NewsML, SGML, XML
GML
AACR2, AAT, AGLS, APPM,
BISAC, CanCore, CCO, CDWA, CDWA Lite, CIDOC/CRM,
DACS, DC, DCAM, DDC, DIF, DIG35, DwC, EAC-CPF, EAD, EML,
FGDC/CSDGM, FOAF, FRAD, FRBR, FRSAD, GEM, GILS, GML, ID3,
IEEE/LOM, indecs, ISAAR(CPF), ISAD(G), ISBD, ISO 19115, LCC,
LCSH, Linked Data, MADS, MARC, MARC Relator Codes,
MARCXML, MESH, MO, MODS, MPEG-7, MuseumDat,
NewsML, OAI-PMH, ONIX, Ontology for Media
Resource, PB Core, PRISM, QDC, RAD, RDA,
SCORM, Sears List of Subject Headings,
SKOS, SPECTRUM, SRU, SWAP, TGM I,
TGM II, TGN, Topic Maps, ULAN,
VRA Core, XOBIS,
Z39.50
Atom, OpenURL, RDF, RSS, SGML,
VSO Data Model, XML, XMP
MEI, MusicXML,
OAI-ORE, TEIMPEG-21 DIDL, MXF
SGML, XML
ADL, TEI, XMP
OAIS
AES
Process
History,
OAIS,
PREMIS
indecs, METS
Rights, ODRL, XrML
ADL, OAI-ORE
AES Core Audio, MIX,
TextMD
CIDOC/CRM, FRAD, FRBR, FRSAD,
indecs, OAIS, VSO Data Model
AACR2, APPM,
CCO, DACS, RAD, RDA
AAT, BISAC, DDC,
LCC, LCSH, MARC
Relator Codes, MESH,
Sears List of Subject
Headings, TGM I, TGM II,
TGN, ULAN
DCAM,
DTD, Linked Data,
OAI-ORE, OAI-PMH,
OpenURL, RDF,
RELAX NG, SGML,
SRU, Topic
Maps, XML,
XML Schema,
XPath,
XQuery,
XSLT,
Z39.50
EAD, EML,
GML,
MathML,
MEI,
Music-
XML,
TEI
ADL, AES Core Audio, AES Process
History, CDWA Lite, DIF, DIG35, DwC,
EAC-CPF, EAD, EML, FGDC/CSDGM,
GEM, GILS, GML, ID3, IEEE/LOM, ISO
19115, KML, MADS, MARC, MARCXML,
MathML, MEI, METS, METS Rights, MIX,
MODS, MPEG-21 DIDL, MuseumDat,
MusicXML, MXF, ODRL, ONIX, PB
Core, PREMIS, PRISM,
SCORM, SMIL, TextMD, VRA
Core, XrML
ADL, AES Core Audio,
AES Process History, AGLS,
CDWA, CDWA Lite, DC, DIF,
DIG35, DwC, EAC-CPF, EML,
FGDC/CSDGM, FOAF, GEM, GILS, GML,
ID3, IEEE/LOM, ISO 19115, KML, MADS,
MARC, MARCXML, MathML, METS, METS Rights,
MIX, MO, MODS, MPEG-21 DIDL, MPEG-7,
MuseumDat, MXF, NewsML, ODRL, ONIX, Ontology for
Media Resource, PB Core, PREMIS, PRISM, QDC,
SCORM, SPECTRUM, SWAP, TextMD, VRA
Core, XMP, XOBIS, XrML
AES Core Audio,
MIX, SGML, TextMD,
XML
DIG35, ID3, PB Core,
PRISM, RDF, SGML,
SPECTRUM, XML
MEI, METS,
MusicXML, MXF,
RDF, SGML, XML
ADL, AES Process
History, DIG35, ID3,
MPEG-7, MXF, RDF,
SGML, VSO Data Model,
XML
ISAAR(CPF), ISBD, RDF
PRISM
Atom, RSS,
SKOS
KML,
NewsML
AGLS, DC, MPEG-7, QDC, TEI, XMP
CanCore, EAD,
ISAD(G), SKOS
CIDOC/CRM,
OAI-ORE,
RDA, Topic
Maps
OAI-PMH, SRU
SGML, XML
GEM, METS
Rights, QDC,
VRA Core
AGLS,
CanCore
IEEE/LOM,
ISAD(G),
NewsML,
SKOS
FGDC/CSDGM, ISO 19115, MPEG-7,
OAI-PMH, SCORM, XMP
EAD,
FGDC/CSDGM, ISO
19115, MPEG-7, TEI,
Topic Maps, XMP
DIF,
FGDC/CSDGM,
GML, ISO
19115, PB Core,
SCORM, XMP
AACR2, AGLS, APPM, Atom,
CanCore, CDWA, CDWA Lite,
CIDOC/CRM, DACS, DC, DIF, EAD, EML, IEEE/LOM,
ISAD(G), ISBD, MARC, MARCXML, MO, MODS,
MPEG-21 DIDL, MuseumDat, NewsML, ONIX, QDC,
RAD, RDA, RSS, SWAP, TEI, VRA Core
AACR2, AES Core Audio,
CanCore, CDWA, CDWA
Lite, CIDOC/CRM, DC, FRBR,
ID3, IEEE/LOM, Linked Data,
MARC, MARCXML, MO,
MODS, MPEG-21 DIDL,
ONIX, PB Core,
QDC, RDA,
TextMD
AACR2, AGLS,
CanCore, DC,
EML, FRBR,
IEEE/LOM,
MARC,
MARCXML,
MODS,
MPEG-21 DIDL,
Ontology for
Media Resource,
PREMIS, QDC,
RDA, VRA Core
Atom, ISAAR(CPF),
ISBD, RSS, VSO Data
Model
Atom, FOAF, OAI-ORE, RSS
AACR2, AES Core
Audio, CCO, DC,
EAC-CPF, EML,
IEEE/LOM, MIX, MODS,
NewsML, ODRL, ONIX, PB
Core, RAD, RDA,
TextMD, XrML
CDWA, DC, GILS,
ISAD(G), ISBD, MARC,
MARCXML, MODS,
QDC, TEI, VRA Core
CDWA, MPEG-21
DIDL, VRA Core
Conceptual Model
Content Standard
Controlled
Vocabulary
Framework/
Technology
Record
Format
Structure
Standard
Technical Metadata
Structural
Metadata
Rights
Metadata
Preservation
Metadata
Metadata
Wrappers
Descriptive
Metadata
Data
Community refers to the groups that currently
or potentially use the standard. Those that originated a
standard or who are the primary audiences are stronger
matches, while those that could use the standard effectively but
do not frequently do so are weaker matches.
Libraries refers to those organizations that collect and preserve
both primary and secondary material in support of research,
scholarship, teaching, and leisure. Academic, public, special, and
corporate libraries are included here.
Archives refers to those organizations that collect and preserve the natural
outputs of the daily work of individuals and other organizational entities,
including traditional records management processes. Their emphasis is frequently
on the context of the creation of the materials and their relationship to one another.
Museums refers to those organizations that collect and preserve artifacts from a
given field with an emphasis on their curation and interpretation. Art, science, natural
history, and many other types of museums are included here.
Information Industry refers to the diverse organizations that make up both the public
and the commercial Web. Technologies that support inventory and knowledge management,
e-commerce, and the workings of the Internet are included here.
Purpose refers to the general type of
metadata the standard is designed to record.
Typically a standard will be strongly focused on
one purpose but include a few data elements for
other purposes considered especially important.
Data here refers to standards whose purpose is to
enclose the resource itself, possibly together with
metadata or with added value such as markup.
Descriptive Metadata standards include
information to facilitate the discovery (via search or
browse) of resources, or provide contextual information
useful in the understanding or interpretation of a resource.
Metadata Wrappers package together metadata of
different forms, or metadata together with the resource itself.
Preservation Metadata is broadly the information
needed to preserve, keep readable, and keep useful a digital or
physical resource over time. Technical metadata is one type of
preservation metadata, but preservation metadata also includes
information about actions taken on a resource over time and the
actors who take these actions.
Rights Metadata is the information a human or machine needs
to provide appropriate access to a resource, provide appropriate
notification and compensation to rights holders, and to inform end
users of any use restrictions that may exist.
Structural Metadata makes connections between different
versions of the same resource, makes connections between hierarchical
parts of a resource, records necessary sequences of resources, and flags
important points within a resource.
Technical Metadata documents the digital and physical features of a
resource necessary to use it and understand when it is necessary to migrate it
to a new format.
Function refers to the role a standard plays in the creation and storage of
metadata. Some functions define the basic entities to be described, others define
specific fields, others give guidance on how to record a specific data element, and
still others define concrete data structures for the storage of information.
Conceptual Models provide a high-level approach to resource description
in a certain domain. They typically define the entities of description and their
relationship to one another. Metadata structure standards typically use
terminology found in conceptual model in their domain.
Content Standards provide specific guidance on the creation of data
for certain fields or metadata elements, sometimes defining what the source
of a given data element should be. They may or may not be designed for
use with a specific metadata structure standard.
Controlled Vocabularies are enumerated (either fully or by
stated patterns) lists of allowable values for elements for a specific use or
domain. Classification schemes that use codes for values are included
here.
Framework/Technology here is a general term encompassing
models and protocols for the encoding and/or transmission of
information, regardless of its specific format.
Markup Languages are formats that allow the featuring of
specific aspects of a resource, typically in XML. They are unlike
other "metadata" formats in that they provide not a surrogate for
or other representation of a resource, but rather an enhanced
version of the full resource itself.
Record Formats are specific encodings for a set of data
elements. Many structure standards are defined together with
a record format that implements them.
Structure Standards are those that define at a
conceptual level the data elements applicable for a certain
purpose or for a certain type of material. These may be
defined anew or borrowed from other standards. This
category includes formal data dictionaries. Structure
standards do not necessarily define specific record formats.
Community
AATArchives
Libr
ar
ies
Museums
Controlled Vocabulary
Descrip
tiv
e
M
etadata
Cultural Objects
VisualResources
CCO
Lib
ra
ries
Museums
Cultural Objects
VisualResources
ContentStandard
Con
tro
lle
d
Vo
ca
bu
lary
Descrip
tiv
e
M
etadata
CDWA LiteRigh
ts
Metad
ata
Struct
ura
l Metad
ata
Descrip
tiv
e
M
etadata
Record
Form
at
Structure Standard
Cultural Objects
VisualResources
Libra
ries
M
useum
s
Archives
AACR2
Libra
ries
M
us
eu
m
s
Archives
Moving Im
ages
Musical Mate
ria
ls
Schola
rly
Texts
Vis
ualResources
Technical Metadata
Righ
ts
Metad
ata
Struct
ura
l Metad
ata
Descrip
tiv
e
M
etadata
ContentStandard
Con
tro
lle
d
Vo
ca
bu
lary
DACS
Libra
ries
M
us
eu
m
s
Archives
Mov
ing Im
ag
es
M
usica
l M
at
er
ials
Schola
rly
Texts
Vis
ualReso
urc
es
Cultural Objects
ContentStandard
Descriptive Meta
data
Righ
ts
Metad
ata
DublinCore Technical Metadata
Righ
ts
Metad
ata
Struct
ura
l Metad
ata
Descrip
tiv
e
M
etadata
C
on
te
nt
Sta
nd
ar
d
Con
tro
lle
d
Vo
ca
bu
lary
Record
Form
at
Structure Standard
M
ovin
g
Im
ages
Music
alMateria
ls
Scholarly
Texts
VisualResources
Cultural Objects
Datasets
Geospatial Data
Arc
hives
Info
rm
ation
Industry
LibrariesMuseums
EAD
Libra
ries
M
us
eu
m
s
Archives
Moving Im
ag
es
M
usica
l M
at
er
ials
Schola
rly
Texts
Vis
ualReso
urc
es
Cultural Objects
Record
Form
at
Structure Standard
M
arkup
Language
Righ
ts
Metad
ata
Struc
tural Me
tad
ata
Descrip
tiv
e
M
etadata
FOAF
Descrip
tiv
e
M
etadata
Record
Format
Structure Standard
Archives
Inform
ation Industry
LibrariesMuseums
FRBRArchives
Inf
ormation
Ind
us
try
LibrariesMuseums
M
ovin
g
Im
ages
Music
alMateria
ls
Schola
rly
Texts
Visual
Resou
rce
s
Cultural Objects
Geosp
atia
l Dat
a
Datasets
ConceptualM
odel
Technical Metadata
Struct
ura
l Metad
ata
Descrip
tiv
e
M
etadata
LCSH
Descrip
tiv
e
M
etadata
Controlled Vocabulary
M
ovin
g
Im
ages
Music
alMateria
ls
Schola
rly
TextsVisual
Resou
rce
s
Cultural Objects
Geosp
atia
l Dat
a
Archives
Inf
ormation
Ind
us
try
LibrariesMu
seum
s
MADS
Libra
ries
M
us
eu
m
s
Archives
M
ovin
g
Im
ages
M
usic
alM
ate
rials
Schola
rly
Texts
VisualResources
Cultural Objects
Datasets
Geosp
atia
l Dat
a
Record
Form
at
Structure Standard
Descrip
tiv
e
M
etadata
MARCTechnical Metadata
Righ
ts
Metad
ata
Struct
ura
l Metad
ata
Descrip
tiv
e
M
etadata
C
on
te
nt
Sta
nd
ar
d
Record
Form
at
Structure Standard
M
ovin
g
Im
ages
M
usic
alM
ate
rials
Schola
rly
Texts
Vis
ualResourc
es
Cultural Objects
Geosp
atia
l Dat
a
Datasets
Libra
ries
Archives
MARCXMLTechnical Metadata
Righ
ts
Metad
ata
Struct
ura
l Metad
ata
Descrip
tiv
e
M
etadata
C
on
te
nt
Sta
nd
ar
d
Record
Form
at
Structure Standard
M
ovin
g
Im
ages
M
usic
alM
ate
rials
Vis
ualResourc
es
Cultural Objects
Geosp
atia
l Dat
a
Datasets
Libra
ries
Archives
Schola
rly
Texts
METS
Archives
Inf
ormation
Ind
us
try
Mu
seum
s
Libraries
M
ovin
g
Im
ages
Music
alMateria
ls
Scholarly
Texts
VisualResources
Cultural Objects
Datasets
Geospatial Data
Record
Form
at
Structure Standard
Structural Metadata
M
etadata
W
rappers
MIXArchives
Inf
ormation
Ind
us
try
Museums
Libraries
M
us
ical
M
at
er
ials
Sc
ho
larly
Te
xts
VisualResources
Cultural Objects
Con
tro
lle
d
Vo
ca
bu
lary
Record
Form
at
Structure Standard
Technical MetadataPreservation Metadata
MODS
Archives
Museums
Libra
ries
M
ovin
g
Im
ages
M
usic
alM
ate
rials
Schola
rly
Texts
VisualResources
Cultural Objects
Datasets
Geospatial Data
C
on
te
nt
Sta
nd
ar
d
Con
tro
lle
d
Vo
ca
bu
lary
Record
Form
at
Structure Standard
Technical Metadata
Righ
ts
Metad
ata
Struct
ura
l Metad
ata
Descrip
tiv
e
M
etadata
OAISM
et
ad
at
a
W
ra
pp
er
s
Dat
a
Preservation Metadata
ConceptualM
odel
M
ovin
g
Im
ages
M
usic
alM
ate
rials
Scholarly
Texts
VisualResources
Cultural Objects
Datasets
Geospatial Data
Archives
Info
rm
ation
Industry
LibrariesMuseums
OAI-PMHRight
s Met
ad
at
a
Descrip
tiv
e
M
etadata
Rec
ord Fo
rm
at
Fram
ew
ork/Technolo
gy
M
ovin
g
Im
ages
M
usic
alM
ate
rials
Scholarly
Texts
VisualResources
Cultural Objects
Datasets
Geospatial Data
Archives
Inform
ation Indu
stry
LibrariesMuseums
OAI-OREStructural Metadata
D
escriptive
M
eta
data
Re
co
rd
Fo
rm
at
Structure
Standard
Fram
ew
ork/Technolo
gy
M
ovin
g
Im
ages
M
usicalM
ate
rials
Scholarly
Texts
Vis
ualResourc
es
Cultural Objects
Datasets
Geospatial Data
Arc
hives
Info
rm
ation
Industry
LibrariesMuseums
ONIX
Inform
ation Industry
Libraries
Scholarly
Texts
Con
tro
lle
d
Vo
ca
bu
lary
Record
Form
at
Structure Standard
Righ
ts
Metad
ata
Struct
ura
l Metad
ata
Descrip
tiv
e
M
etadata
QDCArc
hives
Info
rm
ation
Industry
LibrariesMuseums
M
ovin
g
Im
ages
Music
alMateria
ls
ScholarlyTexts
VisualResources
Cultural Objects
Datasets
Geospatial Data
Con
te
nt
Sta
nd
ar
d
Controlle
d
Vocabula
ry
Record
Form
at
Structure Standard
Righ
ts
Metad
ata
Struct
ura
l Metad
ata
Descrip
tiv
e
M
etadata
Technical Metadata
PREMIS
Archives
Inf
ormation
Ind
us
try
LibrariesMuseums
M
ovin
g
Im
ages
M
usic
alM
ate
rials
Schola
rly
Texts
VisualResources
Cultural Objects
Datasets
Geospatial Data
Record
Format
Structure Standard
Technical Metadata
Preservation Metadata
XSLT
Fram
ew
ork/Technolo
gy
M
ovin
g
Im
ages
Music
alMateria
ls
ScholarlyTexts
VisualResources
Cultural Objects
Datasets
Geospatial Data
Archives
Inform
ation Industry
LibrariesMuseums
XML
Rig
hts
M
eta
data
Structural Metadata
Descriptive
M
eta
data
Technical Metadata
M
eta
data
W
ra
ppers
Data
Preservation Metadata
Fram
ew
ork/Technolo
gy
M
arkup
Language
M
ovin
g
Im
ages
Music
alMateria
ls
Scholarly
Texts
VisualResources
Cultural Objects
Datasets
Geospatial Data
Archives
In
fo
rmation
In
dustry
LibrariesMuseums
VRA CoreRigh
ts
Metad
ata
Descrip
tiv
e
M
etadata
Technical Metadata
Con
te
nt
Sta
nd
ar
d
Controlle
d
Vocabula
ry
Record
Form
at
Structure Standard
Co
nc
ep
tual
Mod
el
VisualResources
Cultural Objects
Arc
hives
Libraries
Museums
TGN
Descrip
tiv
e
M
etadata
Controlled
Vocabula
ry
M
ovin
g
Im
ages
Mu
sic
al
Ma
ter
ials
ScholarlyTexts
VisualResources
Cultural Objects
Datasets
Geospatial Data
Archives
LibrariesMuseums
TEIRights Metad
ata
Struc
tural Me
tad
ata
D
escriptive
M
eta
data
Technical Metadata
M
arkup
Language
Con
te
nt
Sta
nd
ar
d
Record
Form
at
Scholarly
Texts
Arc
hives
In
fo
rm
ation
In
dust
ry
LibrariesMu
seum
s
SKOS
D
escriptive
M
eta
data
Conc
ep
tu
al
Model
Fra
m
ew
ork
/T
echnolo
gy
Structure Standard
M
ovin
g
Im
ages
MusicalMaterials
Scholarly
Texts
VisualResources
Cultural Objects
Datasets
Geospatial Data
Arc
hives
In
fo
rmation
In
dustry
LibrariesMuseums
RDARigh
ts
Metad
ata
Struct
ura
l Metad
ata
Descrip
tiv
e
M
etadata
Technical Metadata
Con
tro
lle
d
Vo
ca
bu
lary
Structure
Standard
Conceptu
alModel
M
ovin
g
Im
ages
MusicalMaterials
VisualResources
Cultural Objects
Archive
s
LibrariesMu
seum
s
RDFRig
hts
M
eta
data
Structural Metadata
D
escriptive
M
eta
data
Technical Metadata
Conceptu
alM
odel
Fram
ew
ork/Technolo
gy
M
ovin
g
Im
ages
MusicalMaterials
Scholarly
Texts
VisualResources
Cultural Objects
Datasets
Geospatial Data
Arc
hives
In
fo
rmation
In
dustry
LibrariesMuseums
A Visualization of the
Metadata Universe
Markup
Language
Weak
Strong
Strong
Strong
Sem
i-Strong
Semi-Strong
Sem
i-Strong
Sem
i-W
eak
W
ea
k
Sem
i-Weak
We
ak
Semi-W
eak
We
ak
Content: Jenn Riley
Design: Devin Becker
Work funded by the Indiana University Libraries’
White Professional Development Award
Copyright 2009-2010 Jenn Riley
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons
Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 United States License
<http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/>.
The sheer number of metadata standards in the cultural
heritage sector is overwhelming, and their inter-relationships
further complicate the situation. This visual map of the
metadata landscape is intended to assist planners with the
selection and implementation of metadata standards.
Each of the 105 standards listed here is evaluated on its
strength of application to defined categories in each of four
axes: community, domain, function, and purpose. The strength
of a standard in a given category is determined by a mixture of
its adoption in that category, its design intent, and its overall
appropriateness for use in that category.
The standards represented here are among those most heavily
used or publicized in the cultural heritage community, though
certainly not all standards that might be relevant are included.
A small subset of the standards plotted on the main
visualization also appear as highlights above the graphic. These
represent the most commonly known or discussed standards for
cultural heritage metadata.
StrongConnection
Semi-StrongConnection
Semi-WeakConnection
Wea
kCon
nec
tion
The standards listed
closest to the center
of a sliver are those
that are most strongly
connected to the given
category.
Sliver
=
Category
Strength of
Standard’s connection
indicated by
Font Size
&
Color
Saturation
Summary and Purpose
LEGEND TEIRigh
ts
Me
tad
ata
Stru
ctur
al Met
ada
ta
De
sc
rip
tiv
e
M
et
ad
at
a
Technical Metadata
M
ark
up
La
nguage
Co
nte
nt
Sta
nd
ard
Re
co
rd
Fo
rm
at
ScholarlyTex
ts
Arch
ives
Inf
or
ma
tio
n
Ind
us
try
LibrariesMus
eum
s
Font Size
=
Star’s strength for
given category
Stars represent those
standards that are used
most often.
Strong connection
Semi-Strong connection
OAIS
AGLS, APPM, DACS, EAC-CPF, EAD, GILS,
ISAAR(CPF), ISAD(G), RAD
ADL, AES
Core Audio,
AES Process
History, Atom, BISAC,
DIF, DIG35, DTD, FOAF,
ID3, KML, Linked Data,
MathML, MO, MPEG-21 DIDL,
MPEG-7, MusicXML, MXF, NewsML,
OAIS, ODRL, ONIX, Ontology for Media
Resource, PRISM, RDF, RELAX NG, RSS,
SCORM, SKOS, SMIL, Topic Maps,
XML, XML Schema, XMP,
XPath, XQuery, XrML,
XSLT
AACR2, AGLS,
CQL, DDC, FRAD,
FRBR, FRSAD, GILS,
ISBD, LCC, LCSH,
MADS, MARC, MARC
Relator Codes, MARCXML,
MESH, METS, MIX, MODS,
OAI-PMH, OAIS, OpenURL,
PREMIS, RDA, Sears List of
Subject Headings, SRU, SWAP, TEI,
TextMD, TGM I, TGM II, VRA Core,
XML, XML Schema, XOBIS, XPath,
XSLT, Z39.50
AAT, CCO, CDWA, CDWA Lite, CIDOC/CRM,
MuseumDat, SPECTRUM, TGN, ULAN` DTD, OAI-PMH, VRA
Core, XML,
XMLSchema, XPath,
XQuery, XSLT
AES Core Audio, AES Process History, CanCore,
CCO, DC, DCAM, DTD, FGDC/CSDGM, GEM,
IEEE/LOM, MEI, METS Rights, OAI-ORE, PB
Core, QDC, RDF, SGML, TGN, XQuery
DC, DCAM, EML,
FGDC/CSDGM, GEM, GML,
IEEE/LOM, indecs, ISO 19115,
OAI-ORE, QDC, SGML, VSO Data
Model
GILS, MEI, MESH,
OAI-PMH, SWAP, TEI
e, CQL, DwC,
METS, MIX, APPM, Atom, CDWA, CDWA Lite, CIDOC/CRM, DACS, DwC, EAC-CPF,
EAD, EML, FOAF, indecs, ISAAR(CPF), ISO 19115, Linked Data,
MPEG-21 DIDL, ONIX, RELAX NG, RSS, SKOS, Topic Maps, ULAN
AAT, ADL, DIF, ID3, ISAD(G), KML, MPEG-7, MusicXML, MXF, ODRL, RAD, SMIL, VSO Data Model, XMP, XRML
AACR2, AES Core
Audio, AES Process
History, APPM,
CanCore, DACS,
DDC, DwC,
EAC-CPF, EAD,
FGDC/CSDGM,
FRBR, GEM,
IEEE/LOM,
ISAAR(CPF), ISAD(G),
ISO 19115, KML, LCC,
LCSH, MADS, MARC
Relator Codes, MESH,
METS, METS Rights,
MPEG-7, ODRL, PB
Core, RAD, RDA,
RELAX NG, SMIL, SRU,
TEI, TextMD, XMP,
XOBIS, XrML, Z39.50
Atom, DC, DCAM,
FOAF, indecs,
Linked Data, MIX,
MODS, OAI-ORE,
OAIS, PREMIS,
QDC, RDF, RSS,
SGML, SKOS,
TGM I,
TGM II, Topic
Maps
Information
Industry
Libraries
Museums
Visual
Resources
spatial
Data
Moving
Images Musical
Materials
Scholarly
Texts
AAT, CCO,
CDWA, CDWA Lite,
DOC/CRM, DC, DTD, METS,
X, MPEG-21 DIDL, MuseumDat, OAI-PMH,
tology for Media Resource, QDC, SPECTRUM, TGN,
N, VRA Core, XML, XML Schema, XPath, XSLT
Strong
Strong
Semi-Strong
Semi-Weak
Strong
Sem
i-Strong
Semi-Weak
Weak
DC,
DIF, DTD,
EML, METS,
MPEG-21 DIDL, OAIS,
QDC, VSO Data Model, XML,
XML Schema, XPath,
XSLT
ed
Rights,
AI-PMH,
IS, RDF,
GML, SKOS,
XrML
DC, DTD,
FGDC/CSDGM,
GML, ISO
19115, KML,
OAIS, QDC,
TGN, XML, XML
Schema, XPath,
XSLT
AGLS, DCAM, EML, Linked Data,
METS, METS Rights, MPEG-21
DIDL, OAI-PMH, ODRL, PREMIS,
RDF, RELAX NG, SGML, SKOS,
SRU, XQuery, XrML
CanCore, DDC,
EAC-CPF, FRBR, GEM,
IEEE/LOM, ISAAR(CPF), ISBD,
CC, LCSH, MADS, MARC, MARC Relator
ARCXML, Ontology for Media Resource,
of Subject Headings, XMP,
DC, DTD, FRBR, LCSH,
METS, MPEG-21 DIDL,
MXF, Ontology for
Media Resource, PB
Core, QDC, XML,
XML Schema,
XPath, XSLT,
Z39.50
AACR2, CanCore, DCAM, DDC, GEM, IEEE/LOM,
indecs, ISBD, LCC, Linked Data, MADS, MARC,
MARC Relator Codes, MARCXML, METS
Rights, MODS, MPEG-7, MuseumDat,
NewsML, OAI-PMH, OAIS, ODRL, PREMIS,
RAD, RDA, RDF, RELAX NG, Sears List of
Subject Headings, SGML, SKOS, SMIL,
SRU, XMP, XOBIS, XQuery, XrML
AGLS, APPM, Atom, CIDOC/CRM,
DACS, EAC-CPF, EAD,
ISAAR(CPF), ISAD(G), OAI-ORE,
RSS, SCORM, TGN, Topic Maps
ADL, AES Core Audio,
AES Process History,
DC, DTD, FRBR, ID3,
LCSH, MEI, METS, MO,
MPEG-21 DIDL,
MusicXML, MXF,
Ontology for Media
Resource, PB Core,
QDC, XML, XML
Schema, XPath,
XSLT, Z39.50
AACR2, DCAM, DDC,
indecs, ISBD, LCC, Linked
Data, MADS, MARC, MARC
Relator Codes, MARCXML, METS
Rights, MODS, OAI-PMH, OAIS,
ODRL, PREMIS, RAD, RDA, RDF,
RELAX NG, Sears List of Subject
Headings, SGML, SKOS, SMIL, SRU,
XOBIS, XQuery, XrML
AGLS, APPM, Atom,
CIDOC/CRM, DACS, EAC-CPF, EAD,
ISAAR(CPF), ISAD(G), MPEG-7, OAI-ORE,
RSS, SCORM, Topic Maps
CanCore, GEM, IEEE/LOM, MIX,
MuseumDat, TGN, XMP
DC, DTD,
ISBD, LCSH, MESH,
METS, MPEG-21 DIDL,
OAI-ORE, OAI-PMH,
OAIS, ONIX, OpenURL,
QDC, SRU, SWAP, TEI,
TextMD, XML, XML
Schema, XPath,
XSLT, Z39.50
AACR2,
AGLS, Atom,
BISAC, DACS, DCAM,
DDC, FRBR, indecs, LCC,
Linked Data, MADS, MARC, MARC
Relator Codes, METS Rights, MODS,
PREMIS, PRISM, RDF, RELAX NG,
RSS, Sears List of Subject
Headings, SGML, SKOS, XMP,
XOBIS, XQuery, XrML
CanCore,
EAC-CPF, EAD, GEM,
IEEE/LOM, ISAAR(CPF),
ISAD(G), MARCXML, ODRL,
Ontology for Media
Resource, SCORM, TGN,
Topic Maps
MathML, MIX
AAT, CCO,
CDWA, CDWA Lite,
DC, DIG35, DTD, METS,
MIX, MPEG-21 DIDL, OAI-PMH,
OAIS, Ontology for Media Resource, PB
Core, QDC, SRU, TGM I, TGM II, TGN, ULAN,
VRA Core, XML, XML Schema, XPath, XSLT, Z39.50
AACR2, CanCore,
CIDOC/CRM, DCAM, GEM,
IEEE/LOM, indecs, ISBD, Linked Data,
MADS, MARC Relator Codes, METS
Rights, MODS, MPEG-7, MuseumDat,
NewsML, ODRL, PREMIS, RAD,
RDA, RDF, RELAX NG, SGML,
SKOS, SMIL, XMP, XOBIS,
XQuery, XrML
AGLS, APPM,
Atom, DACS,
EAC-CPF, EAD,
ISAAR(CPF),
ISAD(G), LCSH,
MARC,
MARCXML,
OAI-ORE, RSS,
SCORM, Sears
List of Subject
Headings, Topic
Maps
DDC, FRBR,
LCC
Atom, DwC, GILS,
indecs, MODS, OAI-ORE,
RSS, SCORM, Topic Maps,
Z39.50
Seeing Standard
ata
iptive
M
etadata
Information
Lib
M
tive
M
etadata
Informati
Descriptive
M
etadata
Arc
Information Industr
LibrarieMuseum
MARCTechnical Metadata
Rights
Metadata
Structural Metadata
Descriptive
M
etadata
Cultural Objects
Libraries
Archives
METS
Archives
Information Industry
Museums
Libraries
ving
Im
ages
lMaterials
olarlyTexts
Resources
Cultural Objects
Datasets
Geospatial Data
Record Format
Structure Standard
Structural Metadata
M
etadata
W
rappers
MODS
Archives
Museums
Libraries
ng
Im
ages
M
aterials
arly
Textssources
Cultural Objects
Datasets
Geospatial Data
C
ontentStanda
Controlled
Vocabular
Record Format
Structure Standard
Technical Metadata
Rights
Metadata
Structural Metadata
Descriptive
M
etadata
OAI-PMH
Descript
Fra
m
ageserialsTextsurces
Cultural Objects
Datasets
spatial Data
Archives
Information
Industry
LibrariesMuseums
A Visualization of th
Metadata Univers
Weak
Content: Jenn Riley
Design: Devin Becker
Work funded by the Indiana University Libraries’
White Professional Development Award
Copyright 2009-2010 Jenn Riley
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons
Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 United States License
<http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/>.
The sheer number of metadata standards in the cultural
heritage sector is overwhelming, and their inter-relationships
further complicate the situation. This visual map of the
metadata landscape is intended to assist planners with the
selection and implementation of metadata standards.
Each of the 105 standards listed here is evaluated on its
strength of application to defined categories in each of four
axes: community, domain, function, and purpose. The strength
of a standard in a given category is determined by a mixture of
its adoption in that category, its design intent, and its overall
appropriateness for use in that category.
The standards represented here are among those most heavily
used or publicized in the cultural heritage community, though
certainly not all standards that might be relevant are included.
A small subset of the standards plotted on the main
visualization also appear as highlights above the graphic. These
represent the most commonly known or discussed standards for
cultural heritage metadata.
StrongConnection
Semi-StrongConnection
Semi-WeakConnection
WeakConnection
T
clo
of a
that a
conne
categor
Strength of
Standard’s connection
indicated by
Font Size
&
Color
Saturation
Summary and Purpose
LEGEND TEIRights
Metadata
Structural Metadata
D
escrip
tiv
e
M
etadata
Technical Metadata
M
arkup
Language
Conte
ntSta
ndard
Record Format
ScholarlyTexts
Archives
In
fo
rm
ation
In
dustry
LibrariesMuseums
Font Size
=
Star’s streng
given categ
Stars represent those
standards that are used
most often.
Strong connection
Semi-Strong connection

32. qualité - utilisabilité
https://twitter.com/hofrat/status/1179445117964435456

33. Les images, les « oubliées » de l’effort d’ouverture
d’interopérabilité ?
Le but de IIIF est de créer un cadre
technique commun grâce auquel les
bibliothèques numériques peuvent délivrer
leurs contenus de manière standardisée
sur le Web afin de les rendre consultables,
manipulables et annotables par n’importe
quelle application ou logiciel
compatible.
Régis Robineau, https://insula.univ-lille3.fr/2016/11/comprendre-
iiif-interoperabilite-bibliotheques-numeriques/
1 communauté
ensemble de
spécifications
techniques

34. IIIF en quelques mots
Ce cadre technique est évolutif se compose:
• d’un modèle de données : Shared Canvas (http://iiif.io/model/shared-canvas/1.0/)
• de 4 APIs fonctionnant de manière conjointe et complémentaire :
• API Image 2.1 : http://iiif.io/api/image (bêta 3 en cours)
• API Presentation 2.1 : http://iiif.io/api/presentation (bêta 3 en cours)
• API Search 1.0 : http://iiif.io/api/search
• API Authentification 1.0 : http://iiif.io/api/auth/1.0/
ensemble de
spécifications
techniques

35. Mirador est un visualiseur qui permet d'afficher dans une interface commune des documents
provenant de bibliothèques numériques compatibles avec les standards IIIF
https://chercher-archives.lamayenne.fr

36. Qatar Digital Library - https://www.qdl.qa/en
bibliothèque numérique de l’INHA : https://bibliotheque-numerique.inha.fr/

37. La numérisation des vignettes d’un côté, du manuscrit de l’autre, permet un repositionnement virtuel,
facilité par certaines avancées technologiques en matière de visualisation et d'interopérabilité des images.
http://demos.biblissima-condorcet.fr/chateauroux/

38. La numérisation des vignettes d’un côté, du manuscrit de l’autre, permet un repositionnement virtuel,
facilité par certaines avancées technologiques en matière de visualisation et d'interopérabilité des images.
http://demos.biblissima-condorcet.fr/chateauroux/

39. https://goo.gl/LHvA2u
La Bible des poètes, édition publiée par Antoine de Vérard à Paris en 1493. 11 exemplaires
conservées.
Comparaison de 2 cycles iconographiques (Vélin 559 et Vélin 560)

40. The Germanischen Nationalmuseum,
https://t.co/wHBcfvuT6u?amp=1
http://beta.biblissima.fr/en/ark:/43093/desc7303c7df52216be70e6a75331e10bb51ce170280
des descripteurs aux corpus…

41. https://manducus.net/

42. https://manducus.net/

43. https://manuscrits-france-angleterre.org/polonsky/fr/content/accueil-fr?mode=desktop

44. https://digital.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/manifest-editor/

45. Données accessibles sur le web (sans condition de formats)
Données accessibles structurées (ex: fichier Excel plutôt
que le PDF d’un tableur)
Données structurées dans des formats non-propriétaires (ex:
CSV plutôt qu’Excel)
Utilisation des URIs pour identifier les ressources
Les données sont reliées à d’autres données
Open Data
Linked Open Data
Tim Berners-Lee, un des fondateurs
du Web et initiateur du Linked data,
a suggéré un développement en 5
étoiles pour les Open Data. Chaque
étape est ici caractérisée, avec ses
coûts et ses profits.
http://5stardata.info/en/

46. 3 dimensions d’analyse :
• le format / qualité / résolution
• accès / manipulation / interconnexion
• licence / réutilisation
image base définition
réutilisation non commerciale
pas d’accès pérenne
licence ouverte
réutilisation non commerciale
pas d’accès pérenne
image HD
image HD
image HD
réutilisation non commerciale
pas d’accès pérenne
image HD
licence ouverte

49. https://zone47.com/crotos/lab/cropper/p180iiif.php?q=7307

50. https://www.spiria.com/fr/blogue/environnement-de-travail/le-
byod-la-pour-rester/
Mirador : table de travail à partir de manifest IIIF
Palladio : corpus visuels issus de Wikimedia après requête
wikidata / CSV réalisé à partir de moissonnage OAI-PMH avec
ULR des vignettes.
Pundit : outils d’annotation sémantique
U Y O S
Use your own favorite software

51. Se soustraire aux métadonnées ?
ImagePlot : https://www.flickr.com/photos/culturevis/4181967739/in/set-72157622525012841
https://skylab.inha.fr/retif_images/

52. Computational art history
• création de corpus d’entraînement
• Génération du sujet par études statistiques/
probabilistes via les métadonnées des oeuvres du
catalogue raisonné
• Deeplearning pour de la recherche par similarité
visuel
SMARTIFY: Scan & Discover art : le fantasme du shazam de l’histoire de l’art
projet Replica, EPFL, Lausanne : https://dhlab.epfl.ch/page-128334-en.html

53. Computational art history
• création de corpus d’entraînement
• Génération du sujet par études statistiques/
probabilistes via les métadonnées des oeuvres du
catalogue raisonné
• Deeplearning pour de la recherche par similarité
visuel
SMARTIFY: Scan & Discover art : le fantasme du shazam de l’histoire de l’art
projet Replica, EPFL, Lausanne : https://dhlab.epfl.ch/page-128334-en.html

54. Computational art history
• création de corpus d’entraînement
• Génération du sujet par études statistiques/
probabilistes via les métadonnées des oeuvres du
catalogue raisonné
• Deeplearning pour de la recherche par similarité
visuel
SMARTIFY: Scan & Discover art : le fantasme du shazam de l’histoire de l’art
projet Replica, EPFL, Lausanne : https://dhlab.epfl.ch/page-128334-en.html

55. Le deeplearning permet des reconnaissances automatiques d’images. Les projets du DHLab
de l’EPFL de Lausanne dans le cadre de Time Machine développent différents programmes
notamment REPLICA, qui analyse les reproductions photographiques de la collection Cini.
Pour en savoir plus, voir la conférence de Benoit Seguin à l’INHA : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JxFMEAokjTM
Moteur de recherche REPLICA intégré à l’interface Diamond : https://diamond.timemachine.eu/
analyse d’images
https://diamond.timemachine.eu/

56. https://artuk.org/discover/artworks/cup-bearer-10514/view_as/grid/search/keyword:tail-halter/page/1

57. https://artuk.org/discover/artworks/cup-bearer-10514/view_as/grid/search/keyword:tail-halter/page/1

59. Faire émerger des corpus visuels
• GallicaPix
• outil de recherche iconographique dans nos collections d'imprimés numérisés (livre, revue, presse) de la période 14-18
• croisement des méthodes : s’appuie sur les fichiers d’OCR et OLR (Optical Layout Recognition), métadonnées bibliographiques et
méthode d’apprentissage pour la typologie et l’indexation visuelle.
Exemples de résultats pour une requête « clemenceau,http://bit.ly/33IdUw1

61. Projet - Segmentation
Bibliothèque de l’Institut national d’histoire de l’art, collections Jacques Doucet

62. Projet - Segmentation
Bibliothèque de l’Institut national d’histoire de l’art, collections Jacques Doucet
Segmentation du catalogue NUM CV03437_19160711
https://bibliotheque-numerique.inha.fr/collection/item/25924-vente-par-autorite-de-justice-de-11-tableaux-des-ecoles-francaise-et-i
alienne-vente-du-11-juillet-1916

63. Projet - Segmentation
Bibliothèque de l’Institut national d’histoire de l’art, collections Jacques Doucet
Segmentation du catalogue NUM CV03437_19160711
https://bibliotheque-numerique.inha.fr/collection/item/25924-vente-par-autorite-de-justice-de-11-tableaux-des-ecoles-francaise-et-i
alienne-vente-du-11-juillet-1916

65. 49ème congrès de l’ABDU - 17/19 septembre 2019
Tous Bibl-IA-thécaires ? L’intelligence artificielle vers un
nouveau service public ?
https://adbu.fr/retour-sur-la-matinee-politique-du-congres-adbu2019-
les-bibliotheques-universitaires-et-le-developpement-de-la-science-
ouverte-realites-espoirs-et-enjeux/
The DHAI Seminar
When Digital Humanities Meet Artificial Intelligence
Prochaine séance, le 22 octobre :
The Ontology of Sight in the Age of AI: The Machine Learned Image in Art, Architecture, and Historic Preservation
https://dhai-seminar.github.io
Journée annuelle de l’ADEMEC, Paris le 11 décembre 2019
IA et institutions patrimoniales : enjeux, défis et opportunités
https://www.eventbrite.fr/e/billets-ia-et-institutions-patrimoniales-enjeux-defis-et-opportunites-76425652183
meetup API(dot)Culture : Image et IA
(Bnf, 4 juillet 2019)
Les présentations sont sur slideshare
https://www.slideshare.net/IsabelleReusa/
apidotculture-images-et-ia

66. corpus visuels numériques : matériaux
artistiques

67. Logo.Hallucination par l’artiste Christophe Bruno
The software based on neural network image recognition was exhibited at the
Rencontres Internationales Paris Berlin in November 2006.
Jan Vermeer, The Music Lesson
c. 1662-1665. Oil on canvas, 74.6 x 64.1 cm (Royal Collection, St. James’ Palace, London).
Giovanni Toscani, Trittico con Madonna col Bambino, S. Girolamo e S. Caterina (Firenze, Museo dello Spedale
degli Innocenti).
https://goo.gl/GVJFwj

68. https://twitter.com/PDCutup

69. http://cargocollective.com/alicecmartin

70. pour conclure….

71. données descriptives de l’objets réalisée
par l’institution dans le cadre de ses
missions
données « crowdsourcées » du grand
publics
artefact
contenus éditoriaux de « médiation »
auprès de X publics
version numérisé de l’artefact 2D
Les données issues de l’Intelligence
artificielle
version numérisé de l’artefact 3D
données issues d’appareils de mesures
réalisées lors de restauration
données structurées issues de
programmes de recherche
contenus éditoriaux (articles, catalogue,
etc.) issus de programme de recherche
Les données de « logs » de consultation
des ces informations (issus de x
sources)
réaliséparAntoineCourtin-20septembre2018-Licencecreativecommons4.0

72. données descriptives de l’objets réalisée
par l’institution dans le cadre de ses
missions
données « crowdsourcées » du grand
publics
artefact
contenus éditoriaux de « médiation »
auprès de X publics
version numérisé de l’artefact 2D
Les données issues de l’Intelligence
artificielle
version numérisé de l’artefact 3D
données issues d’appareils de mesures
réalisées lors de restauration
données structurées issues de
programmes de recherche
contenus éditoriaux (articles, catalogue,
etc.) issus de programme de recherche
Les données de « logs » de consultation
des ces informations (issus de x
sources)
réaliséparAntoineCourtin-20septembre2018-Licencecreativecommons4.0
X artefact
X version numérisé de l’artefact 2D
X version numérisé de l’artefact 3D

73. Pour me retrouver sur le web
Pour me contacter
antoine.courtin@inha.fr
Merci !
#DHNord2019 - Lille - 18 octobre 2019
https://antlitz.ninja/-