The document provides an overview of the history and development of the Internet and World Wide Web. It discusses key events like the creation of ARPANET in 1969 and the development of the World Wide Web in 1989. It explains that the Internet is a network of networks that connects computers while the Web uses the Internet and consists of hyperlinked web pages. Finally, it outlines common ways to access the Internet like through an Internet Service Provider and describes how to navigate and search the Web using a browser.

1. Unit one
1. The Internet
and
The World Wide Web

2. Brief History of the internet
© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc Slide 2
1962
1969
1972
1983
1989 1994
1995
J.C.R.
Lickliter
conceives
of the idea
of a
“galactic
network”.
Ray Tomlinson
invents e-mail.
The World Wide
Web is
developed.
The first
graphical
Web
browser is
developed.
ARPANET goes
online, connecting
four computers.
Internet
protocols
begin.
Barriers to
commercial
activity are lifted.
Significant events in the history of the Internet.

3. What Is the Internet?
• A network of networks, joining many
government, university and private computers
together and providing an infrastructure for the
use of E-mail, bulletin boards, file archives,
hypertext documents, databases and other
computational resources.

4. The Significance of the Internet
• It’s the first mass medium that involves computers and uses
digitized data.
• It provides the potential for media convergence, the
unification of all media.
• It’s transforming how we communicate, obtain information,
learn, seek jobs, and maintain professional growth.
• Businesses find it an indispensable tool for their needs.

5. The World Wide Web
The Web
An infrastructure of information combined and the network
software used to access it
Web page
A document that contains or references various kinds of
data
Links A connection between one web page and another

6. The Internet and Web: What’s
the Difference?
• The Internet is the physical connection of millions of
networks.
• The Web uses the Internet for its existence.
• The Web consists of hypertext embedded on Web pages that
are hosted on Web sites.

7. The uses of the Internet
• Send e-mail messages.
• Send (upload) or receive (down load) files between
computers.
• Participate in discussion groups, such as mailing lists and
newsgroups.
• Surfing the web.

8. How to access the Internet?
• Many schools and businesses have direct access to the
Internet using special high-speed communication lines and
equipment.
• Students and employees can access through the organization’s
local area networks (LAN) or through their own personal
computers.
• Another way to access the Internet is through Internet Service
Provider (ISP).

9. Navigating the Internet
1. A web browser is the computer program you use to retrieve
and view webpages.
2. On most computers, including those at the Library, the browser
you will use is called Internet Explorer (IE).
3. There are dozens of other web browsers (Firefox, Google
Chrome, Safari, & Opera are some of the most popular).
4. They may look different, but the same basic elements will be
there and they all take you to the same place—the internet.

10. Navigating the Internet cont’d
Basic parts of the browser
• When you open your browser window, no matter which
browser you use, you will usually see several main parts:
• The address bar is where the web address of the page you are
currently on is displayed. It’s the white bar at the very top of
your page. If you want to go to a new website and know the
Uniform Resource Locator (URL), or web address, of the site
you'd like to go to, you can click in the address bar and type
in the URL followed by the enter button to go directly to that
page.

11. Navigating the Internet cont’d
Basic parts of the browser
• Next to the address bar on the left, you'll see the Back button
and forward button. Once you leave the first webpage you are
on, the back button will become active. Clicking on it will take
you back—one page at a time – along your path since opening
up your web browser.

12. Navigating the Internet cont’d
The Toolbar
• Home will take you back to your home page. On library
computers this is the library’s website; if you have a home
computer, you can set it to any page you want. Print will send
the page you are on to the printer.
The Status Bar
• The status bar is at the bottom of the page directly above the
taskbar/Start button. When you move your mouse pointer
over a hyperlink the web address of the link will show up on
the left side of the status bar.

13. How to find information on
the Web?
• A number of search tools have been developed and
available to you on certain Web sites that provide search
services to help you find information.
• Examples:
Yahoo  www.yahoo.com
Excite  www.excite.com
Lycos  www.lycos.com
AltaVista  www/alta-vista.com
MSN WebSearch  www.search.msn.com

14. How to find information on
the Web?
• You can find information by two basic means.
• Search by Topic and Search by keywords.
• Some search services offer both methods, others only
one.
• Yahoo offers both.
Search by Topic
You can navigate through topic lists
Search by keywords
You can navigate by entering a keyword or phase into a
search text box.

15. Internet Service Provider (ISP)
Establishing internet connection
• A commercial organization with permanent connection to the
Internet that sells temporary connections to subscribers.
Examples:
• Flow(Lime), Digicel, America Online, Microsoft network, AT&T
Networks.

16. Types of Internet Connections
• Dial-Up (Analog 56K).
Dial-up access is cheap but slow. A modem (internal or
external) connects to the Internet after the computer dials a
phone number.
DSL.
• DSL stands for Digital Subscriber Line. It is an internet
connection that is always “on”. This uses 2 lines so your
phone is not tied up when your computer is connected.
• Cable.
Cable provides an internet connection through a cable modem
and operates over cable TV lines.

17. Types of Internet Connections
Cont’d
• Wireless.
Wireless, or Wi-Fi, as the name suggests, does not use
telephone lines or cables to connect to the internet.
• Satellite.
Satellite accesses the internet via a satellite in Earth’s orbit.
The enormous distance that a signal travels from earth to
satellite and back again, provides a delayed connection
compared to cable and DSL.
• Cellular.
Cellular technology provides wireless Internet access through
cell phones. The speeds vary depending on the provider, but
the most common are 3G and 4G speeds.
Others: T1 ,T3, Fiber Optic etc.

21. End