1. What is IABP?
Intra aortic balloon pump (IABP)
Intra aortic balloon pump (IABP) is a mechanical device
designed to increase myocardial oxygen perfusion and
cardiac output. IABP placement is not installed into the
patient’s body, but it connects with the left and/or right
ventricle or the aorta or pulmonary artery. By this it takes over
the troubled hearts and can keep patients alive for thirty days.
The pump is connected to a control console with which is
monitored its operation and programming. The pump is a
single, but a system of two consoles (one must be a backup)
and the supporting technology is not a one-time and it allows
the use of mechanical heart support, provided the
procurement of new pumps for multiple patients.
There are more complex and expensive systems, which provide the mobility of patients on the
ward, to the small, sophisticated pumps, that are implanted in the body and let the patient stay
outside the hospital until transplantation. Ultra-modern generation is approaching the ideal of
artificial heart. Many experts in this field believe that in 10 or 15 years Intra aortic balloon pumps
and its electronic control will be perfected, and the final treatment will be in small mechanical
dimensions, i.e. the transplants will become obsolete.
These are very expensive devices, often still in the experimental stage and there is no voice of
their mass application even in the richest countries. Heart transplantation is currently the best
method of treatment for patients with severe heart failure, i.e. those in whom life expectancy is
from about a few weeks to a year.
After the transplantation, more than 80 percent of patients survive one year, nearly 70
percent five years, and about 50 percent -10 years. Some survive 20 years or more, and the
development of medicine, i.e. the possibility of post-transplant follow-up and treatment, the
chances of patients who received a new heart today are much better than those who received it
10 years ago. However, it is very important to say that Intra aortic balloon pump (IABP), such as
cardiac pacemaker and ICD, is a true lifesaver!
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