1. NFC
Applications and Security

2. WHAT IS
NFC ?
NFC stands for Near Field Communication.
NFC is a short-range wireless connectivity technology that provides
intuitive, simple, and safe communication between electronic devices.
It is a wireless communication interface with a working distance limited
to about 10 cm.

3.  It works on the simple principle of inductive coupling.
 When current flows through the NFC chip, a magnetic field is
generated.
 This field induces electricity within the second device or an NFC
tag.
 The second device generates a magnetic field of its own which
is then detected by the first device.
 It registers this RF field and decodes it.

5. NFC STANDARDS
 Operates at 13.56 MHz
 Can send data at a rate of 106, 212 or 424 kb per
second.

6. MODES OF OPERATION
READ MODE PEER-TO-PEER CARD EMULATION
SIMPLY READS AN NFC TAG TWO NFC ENABLED DEVICES
CAN EXCHANGE
INFORMATION.
PHONE CAN ACT AS A CARD
TO MAKE PAYMENTS

7. PRESENT AND PROTOTYPED

8. • Make payments with a wave or a touch anywhere contactless card readers have
been deployed.
• Read information and “pick up” special offers and discounts from smart posters or
smart billboards.
• Store tickets to access transportation gates, parking garages or get into events.
• Store personal information that will allow secure building access.
• Take a picture and transfer it to an NFC-enabled printer or monitor.
• Share business cards with other NFC-enabled phones.

9. AT PARKING METERS

10. NFC POWERING AN E-PAPER.

11. NFC
RINGS

12. SECURITY
• Whenever radio frequencies are involved, there's a potential security risk.
• Even though NFC transmissions must take place over very short ranges, it's possible
to pick up transmissions from much further away.
• It's harder to detect transmissions from passive components. Even so, an
eavesdropper could detect signals from about a meter away with the right
equipment.
• Data can be stolen or corrupted by an attacker easily
By creating an RF field of the same frequency as that of the sender.
By changing bits 1 to 0 or vice versa in a signal.
By modulating carrier signal with a pause in the original signal.

13. SOLUTIONS
• NFC specific key agreement
Set of keys unique for NFC transactions
This one does not require any asymmetric cryptography.
Therefore reduces the computational requirements significantly
• Secure Channel for NFC
 Establishing a secure channel between two NFC devices is clearly the best approach to
protect against eavesdropping and any kind of data modification attack.
 A standard key agreement protocol like Diffie-Hellmann Elliptic Curves could be applied
to establish a shared secret between two devices
• Chip Modification
The NFC chip can be modified to constantly check its RF field while it is transmitting data.
 The power required to attack is much larger than the power of the NFC signal.
Hence the chip will be able to identify an attacking signal instantly

14. CONCLUSION
• NFC is not more insecure than other related technologies. It offers options for
encrypting data on the application layer the same way as Wi-Fi or Bluetooth,
but additionally provides safety through the requirement of very close physical
proximity.
• At present, the NFC technology has reached a level where
commercial launch preparation can begin and should be established.
• Reliability and usability of NFC applications are probably
the most striking advantages of the NFC technology and therefore important
keys to its success.

15. • When compared to alternative technologies, NFC offers great advantages.
• It is very likely that the NFC technology will play a big role in our future
everyday life.