2. COMPOUND WORDS
In English, words, particularly adjectives and nouns, are
combined into compound structures in a variety of ways.
And once they are formed, they sometimes metamorphose
over time. A common pattern is that two words — fire fly,
say — will be joined by a hyphen for a time — fire-fly —
and then be joined into one word — firefly.
There are three forms of compound words:
the closed form, in which the words are melded together,
such as firefly, secondhand, softball, childlike, crosstown,
redhead, keyboard, makeup, notebook;
the hyphenated form, such as daughter-in-law, master-at-
arms, over-the-counter, six-pack, six-year-old, mass-
produced;
and the open form, such as post office, real estate, middle
class, full moon, half sister, attorney general.
3. Compound Nouns
A compound noun is a noun that is made up of two or
more words. Most compound nouns in English are formed
by nouns modified by other nouns or adjectives.
For example:
The words tooth and paste are each nouns in their own
right, but if you join them together they form a new word -
toothpaste.
The word black is an adjective and board is a noun, but if
you join them together they form a new word -
blackboard.
In both these example the first word modifies or describes
the second word, telling us what kind of object or person it
is, or what its purpose is. And the second part identifies
the object or person in question.
4. Compound nouns can also be formed using the
following combinations of words:-
Noun + Noun toothpaste
Adjective + Noun monthly ticket
Verb + Noun swimming pool
Preposition + Noun underground
Noun + Verb haircut
Noun + Preposition hanger on
Adjective +Verb dry-cleaning
Preposition + Verb output
5. The two parts may be written in a number of ways:-
1. Sometimes the two words are joined together.
Example: tooth + paste = toothpaste | bed + room =
bedroom
2. Sometimes they are joined using a hyphen.
Example: check-in
3. Sometimes they appear as two separate words.
Example: full moon
6. Compound Adjectives
Compound adjectives are adjectives that are made up of
two or more words usually with hyphens (-) between them.
Examples:
An English-speaking country.
A time-saving gadget.
A thirty-floor building.