1. Collaborative Geospatial
Collaborative Geospatial
Mapping & Public Licensing
Mapping & Public Licensing
Tyng-Ruey Chuang and Andrea Wei-Chi
Tyng-R
T Ch dA d Wei-Ching H
W i Huang
Institute of Information Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
At the GIS Application & Development Workshop by Taipei City Government
Sep. 27‐28, 2007 , National Taiwan University, Taipei Taiwan
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Preview for the Conclusion (I) :
()
• Most of you are likely to have known something about
Most of you are likely to have known something about
the recent emerging Geospatial Web phenomenon, more
Geospatial or less.
Web
• It is built on by non‐GIS professionals’ participation &
collaboration for the using of geoinformation in everyday
collaboration for the using of geoinformation in everyday
Participation & life.
Collaboration
• The existing geodata has not been reusing effectively,
y g g
the newly adding on geo‐information contributed by y
people’s collaboration has not been well managed.
Limitation
• Privacy & Security Issues remain. (not discuss in this talk)
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2. Preview for the Conclusion (II) :
( )
• It is not a problem of technology It is a limitation of
It is not a problem of technology. It is a limitation of
lacking of geodata to be able to be freely used on Web,
WHY and to be managed effectively. It is a question of policy.
• The value of geodata is depends on its capacity of reusing
and recreating its usability by the public. The key issue is
and recreating its usability by the public The key issue is
HOW the Public Licensing.
• The GeoCommons case study.
The GeoCommons case study.
WHAT
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Why
y
Google Map/Earth, Yahoo, & Microsoft geo‐
mapping have done more valuable marketing for
pp g g
GIS in one year than
the entire GIS industry has done its lifetime
y
worldwide?
Sep 6th 2007, The Economist
Jack Dangermond( the founder of ESRI) says: interest stimulated by the
geoweb has helped to boost GIS business by 20% in 2007.
Ron Lake (Galdos Systems) says: geobrowsers have led to a push for better
public access to geodata.
Where 2.0, 2007
Di‐Ann Eisnor (CEO, Platial) : it is the economics of Mash‐ups which support &
leverage the open platform business model. And it is an early proving ground
leverage the open platform business model. And it is an early proving ground
for distributed, collaborative value creation
distributed, collaborative value creation.
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3. 1. Geospatial Web
1. Geospatial Web
Through the browser, the geospatial
information become a new media on Web.
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Online distributed participants
distributed participants are able to feel that they are
being in the same conference room, and can participate in
being in the same conference room and can participate in
questioning and voting by sending text message.
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4. 2. Participation & Collaboration
It is a Social Web plus online geospatial information.
It is a “You”, “Me”, and “We” Web.
It is a Geospatial Knowledge Mapping built by public participation & collaboration.
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From desktop application to the Web
browser, from traditional GIS to the
geospatial mash‐ups in everyday life.
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5. 3. Limitations
Existing geodata has not been reusing
effectively.
ff l
Geo‐information contributed by people’s
collaboration has not been well managed.
collaboration has not been well managed.
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Technology is not a problem.
Fi f Mi i
Firefox Minimap adds a very rich feature geo‐sidebar to the browser.
dd i hf t id b t th b
drag & drop
GeoRSS feed /KML
from the Flickr tags
into Minmap, and
you can view a map
of the Flickr photos
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6. Technology is not a problem.
Tools like BRIGHTi GeoFeeder can convert vector data (points, lines & polygons)
from ESRI, Google, MapInfo, Autodesk, and GML file formats to GeoRSS xml.
http://www.brightisolutions.com/ 11
Why an American company, Google, has made better
i f UK i
practice of UK mapping than the UK's own mapping agency
h h UK' i
(Ordnance Survey)?
Why do many UK geo‐companies think their government‐
backed agency that should be their data provider but is often
regarded as a competitor?
The answers of the Guardian on March 16, 2006 & September 13, 2007 are that:
The answers of the Guardian on March 16, 2006 & September 13, 2007 are that:
“Nearly everyone agrees that electronic mapping is an important tool for public services.”
“ the data that we pay to have collected (through our taxes), and which is then used by
the data that we pay to have collected (through our taxes) and which is then used by
organisations such as the Ordnance Survey, is not freely available for re‐use
for re‐use by UK citizens.”
“We, and the companies that could benefit from its use, are forced to pay for it ‐ putting a
brake on the information economy.”
b k h i f i ”
http://society.guardian.co.uk/e‐public/story/0,,1731410,00.html 12
http://www.guardian.co.uk/technology/2007/sep/13/guardianweeklytechnologysection.freeourdata

7. 4. GeoData Authorization
“It's a question of the policy and the thinking
the policy and the thinking catching up with the
technology. says John Hanke, head of Google s Earth and Maps division in Sep
technology.” says John Hanke, head of Google's Earth and Maps division in Sep
6th 2007, The Economist.
Geodata = Artistic work?
Copyright? License ? Free?
Privacy & Security?
Pi &S i ?
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•geo‐information is a tool
g
for empowerment of
citizens ; restriction of
using may contradict the
government’s role
•restricted data=
diminishing activities in
education & research
d ti & h
•sale data ≠ significant
revenue
•open platform model as a
collected knowledge
economy ( google, eBay &
amozon )
amozon )
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8. The EU legislation now provides that
the Copyright Designs and Patents Acts
(CDPAs) 3(1)(a)
a literary work includes
a literary work includes
‘a table or compilation
p
other than a database’
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choices of public license for geospatial information
p g p
are in hand
•GNU General Public License (source code
public releasing)
bli l i )
•GNU Free Documentation License
GNU Free Documentation License（for
documentation licensing）
•Creative Commons Licenses (for general
content creation licensing）
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9. The Authorization Strategy for the sharing
and re‐use of geospatial data
d f ld
online, open, and collaborative exploration of domain
spaces is one of the most successful web paradigms.
flexible licensing models include : CC, GPL or dual
fl ibl li i d l i l d CC GPL d l
licensing.
geospatial dataset release should be:
geospatial dataset release should be:
(1) in source forms
( )
(2) should be accompanied by the necessary data models
p y y
(i.e., schema),
(3) metadata and catalog descriptions,
(4) data format definitions, and
(5) source code of the related software tools.
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5. GeoCommons –
geo‐datasets are fuel for mashups
d f lf h
GeoCommons is based on FortiusOne, a Washington, D.C. company. The public Beta is released on May
28th 2007 at Where 2.0 Conference.
.
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10. GeoCommons is to share – not just maps,
but data.
• Users & data:
U &d
(1)allows users to set up an account & profile, and upload and
delete their datasets anytime.
( )
(2)users can make the map public or private, but datasets must
pp p ,
be public.
(3)registered users are provided with public URLs for their own
maps.
• Data & dataset :
(1)It can be tagged, rated, commented on and searched.
( ) p
(2)Shapefile datasets are converted to KML or KMZ .
(3)Uploaded must be public domain and is licensed as Creative
Commons Share Alike ‐ Attribution license.
With 2 billion pieces of localized data: census figures; school
With 2 billi i f l li d d t fi h l
district budgets; water‐contamination; traffic‐congestion hot
spots; demographics, environmental attributes; political
infomation; crime rate; unemployement; etc.
http://www.directionsmag.com/article.php?article_id=2465
http://radar.oreilly.com/archives/2007/05/geocommons_shar.html
http://money.cnn.com/magazines/business2/business2_archive/2007/07/01/100117047/ 19
This 14‐person company is
p p y
estimated to hit $2.5 million in
revenue this year.
revenue this year
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11. How GeoCommons Make Money?
How GeoCommons Make Money?
METHOD 1: Advertising Revenue
METHOD 2: Fee‐based membership for individuals or organizations
(i.e. environmental groups )
(i i l )
METHOD 3: Hosted service for businesses who pay a subscription to
use the tools (e.g. real estate companies ); and will
use the tools (e g real estate companies ); and will
enable private data in the future for an additional cost.
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