The Enslaved Community at Scotchtown
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This document summarizes research into the enslaved community at Scotchtown plantation in Hanover County, Virginia. It describes the purpose of researching the lives of enslaved individuals in honor of the 300th anniversary of the plantation. Various records were examined to identify 169 names of enslaved people, though no living descendants have yet been located. The document outlines the challenges of limited records and the importance of oral histories in learning about the enslaved community's history.
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The Enslaved Community at Scotchtown
- 1. THE ENSLAVED COMMUNITY AT SCOTCHTOWN Beaver Dam, Hanover County, VA
- 2. Background ◦ Purpose of project for Preservation Virginia ◦ 300th Anniversary ◦ Honoring Enslaved Individuals and Community ◦ Previous Work on Enslaved Community ◦ The Story of Scotchtown: Cellar Reinterpretation – December 2004 ◦ Part of NEH Project to research enslaved life at Scotchtown in preparation for deeper, more complex inclusion of that community’s story in interpretation.
- 3. Location ◦ Hanover County ◦ Beaver Dam town
- 4. History of Plantation Ownership ◦ Chiswell Family ◦ Built around 1720 by Charles Chiswell((1678-1737) ◦ Passed to son John Chiswell (1755-1766) ◦ Passed to John Robinson (~1732-??), husband of Susan Chiswell ◦ Patrick Henry – Years of Ownership - 1771-1778 ◦ Sheppard Family ◦ Passed to John Mosby Sheppard (1762-1817) ◦ Passed to John Jay Taylor (1787-1858), husband of Lavinia Sheppard ◦ Passed to Edmund Taylor – 1826-1905
- 5. The Challenge of Burned County ◦ Most Public Records, Including Wills, Were Burned in the Civil War ◦ Needed to Turn to Other Records ◦ Earlier research had drawn from runaway slave ads, diary of William Byrd who had visited Scotchtown in 1732, and probate records - all related to Chiswells ◦ Ad from May 1746 in VA Gazette mentions boy named Stephen, aged 16. ◦ Considered Royal African Company Records since Charles Chiswell as an agent ◦ March 16, 1720/1721 – Order to Captain John Mitchell to pick up 350 negroes to deliver to Francis Willis and Charles Chiswell ◦ Local Churches ◦ Fork Church ◦ Mt. Olivet Baptist Church ◦ Other Plantations ◦ Red Hill
- 6. Mt. Olivet Baptist Church ◦ Historic Church in Beaver Dam ◦ Was church Taylors attended ◦ White church now ◦ Very, very eager to help. ◦ ”A List of coloured members belonging to Mount Olivet Church” - ~1851-1863 ◦ Ceasar – Edmund C. Taylor - Dead ◦ Lou – John J. Taylor – Dead ◦ Edmund – John J. Taylor - Dismissed ◦ Aaron – John J. Taylor - Excluded ◦ Lucy – Edmund Taylor - Dismissed ◦ Henry – Lavinia Taylor - Dismissed ◦ Sally – Edmund C. Taylor - Dead ◦ Charles Tyree – Lavinia Taylor - Dimissed
- 7. Red Hill Plantation – Charlotte County ◦ Verbatim Copy of Inventory and Appraisement of Estate of Patrick Henry in the County of Charlotte ◦ Some names from earlier information are listed showing that people may have transferred from Chiswell-Robinson family to Henry family
- 8. Slave Birth Records?? 2 Females 2 Females Bartlett Female Female Female Female Female Female Georgeanna Hannah Harriet Ann Male Male Male Male Male Male Male Nancy Rose Still Born Child April 1861 1858 1858 August 10, 1855 June 10, 1859 May 1862 Oct 1861 1857 July 1861 Nov 1862 Georgeanna October 1864 Nov 30, 1855 Harriet Ann April 10, 1857 Oct 1860 May 17, 1858 April 1862 June 10, 1860 May 1862 1857 May 1861 May 10, 1856 July 15, 1858 Still Born Child April 1864 April 1861 August 10, 1855 Elizabeth June 10, 1859 May 1862 Lucy July 1861 Nov 1862 October 1864 Elizabeth Nov 30, 1855 Lucy Ann April 10, 1857 Elizabeth D. May 17, 1858 Lucy Ann April 1862 June 10, 1860 May 1862 Peggy May 1861 May 10, 1856 Lucy Ann July 15, 1858 Elizabeth April 1864 Betsey E. C. Taylor Edmund Taylor Lavinia Taylor E. C. Taylor E. C. Taylor Edmund C Taylor Edmund Taylor Edmund Taylor Lavinia Taylor Lavinia Taylor E. C. Taylor E. C. Taylor E. C. Taylor E. C. Taylor E. C. Taylor Edmund C Taylor Edmund Taylor Edmund Taylor Edmund Taylor Lavinia Taylor E. C. Taylor E. C. Taylor E. C. Taylor
- 9. Hanover County Death Records Baby Boy Beverly Edmund Elizabeth Emily Grace Jim Kitty Milly Robert Robert Salley Sally Sally Sarah Susan Tom Tom Tomas Unnamed Baby Girl Unnamed Baby Girl Unnamed Girl Unnamed Man Walker William William 1858 1832 1793 1842 1834 1818 1851 1843 1788 1782 1820 1817 1799 1859 1859 1859 1772 1821 William Edmund Elizabeth Sarah John J. Taylor E. C. Taylor John J. Taylor E. C. Taylor John J. Taylor John J. Taylor John J. Taylor John J. Taylor John J. Taylor E. C. Taylor John J. Taylor E. C. Taylor E. C. Taylor John J. Taylor John J. Taylor John J. Taylor John J. Taylor Lavinia Taylor John J. Taylor Lavinia Taylor Lavinia Taylor Lavinia Taylor Lavinia Taylor E. C. Taylor John D? Taylor John J. Taylor
- 10. Other Research Methods ◦ Attempted to Locate Slave Cemetery – Denied Permission to Visit by Owner ◦ Wrote letters to African American families in historic black neighborhood called Annfield, adjacent to historic plantation boundaries ◦ Spoke with one woman who identified the Gardners as having historic ties to Scotchtown ◦ Research has not, yet, led to documentable ties to Scotchtown, but I’m hopeful that oral histories and community outreach might make the connection more clear. ◦ Genealogy for the win! ◦ Beverly and Elizabeth Johnson were enslaved at Scotchtown. Their children were Bartlett, Harriet Ann, Rose, and GeorgeAnna. (Georgeanna is on birth records.) ◦ Their daughter Harriet Ann married John M. Bates. ◦ No clear living descendants, yet, but we do know Beverly and Elizabeth’s surname, which is important.
- 11. Findings ◦ 169 Individual Names or People Identified ◦ No living descendants located yet. ◦ Ties to local community strengthened. ◦ Important learning about the healing that needs to come in communities, especially rural communities, when a place’s history has not been told in full. Aggy Charles Daniel Dilsey Grace John Sam Sarah Stephen Tom Ben Ben Dick Isaac Ben Dinah Beck Jenny James Will Pedro 1730 Sarah Patrick Henry John Chiswell John Mosby Sheppard John Mosby Sheppard John Mosby Sheppard John Mosby Sheppard John Mosby Sheppard John Mosby Sheppard John Chiswell John Mosby Sheppard Patrick Henry Patrick Henry Patrick Henry Patrick Henry Patrick Henry Patrick Henry Patrick Henry Patrick Henry Patrick Henry Patrick Henry Patrick Henry
- 12. Many Thanks ◦ Earnest Mason and Rev. Dale Ashley of Mt. Olivet Baptist ◦ Hugh Campbell ◦ Judy Lowry of Page Memorial Library in Montpelier, VA ◦ Elaine Taylor, Independent Historian ◦ Patricia Dabney of Annfield ◦ Shelley Murphy, Genealogist Extraordinaire ◦ Selma Stewart, Genealogy Wizard ◦ Jennifer Hurst-Wender of Preservation Virginia ◦ Nik Forti – The Fork Church
- 13. Information to Share? Please contact Jennifer Hurst-Wender at Preservation Virginia jhurstwender@preservationvirginia.org
Hinweis der Redaktion
- Full note on Stephen. “is very artful and cunning, has been much whipt, which is Back will shew, and has several scares in his face. He stole, when he went away, sundry Cloths and about 3 pounds cash. He was seen on the 12th intant in King William County on a grey horse and was going toward Matopony River but being met by one of his acquaintance, he may perhaps change his course from the northward to the southward for fear of discovery. He formerly belonged to Mr. Leighton Woods, but lately to Col. John Chiswell in Hanover County of whom the subscriber bought him.
- Dismissed by order of the church
- Charlotte County is south of Farmville and Appomattox