Human resource management & organizational culture

1. WHAT IS
CULTURE???

2. ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE
“Culture is a pattern of beliefs &
expectations shared by the
organizational members. These
beliefs and expectations produce
norms that powerfully shape the
behavior of individuals and
groups in the organization”
(Schwartz & Davis 1981)

3. FUNCTIONS OF CULTURE
Boundary –
Defining
Role
Sense of
Identity
Sense of
Commitment
Behavioral
Guidelines –
Implicit “dos
and don’ts”

4. Innovation
Results
Vs.
Process
People
Vs. Rank
Team
Work

5. LEVELS OF CULTURE
Schein
 Artifacts
 Beliefs, Values &Attitudes
 Basic Assumptions

6. Handy’s
Typology
Dominant Vs.
Subcultures
Strong Vs.
Weak Cultures

7. HOW IT IS FORMED & MAINTAINED
Top Management / Leadership
Rites of passage & socialization
Incorporation and rejection
Communications
Rewards
Role Models
Training
Rituals, Ceremonies, Stories (Rites of integration)

8. FACTORS INFLUENCING CULTURE
SIZE
ENVIRONMENT / MARKET
OWNERSHIP
NATIONAL CULTURE

9. KLPs
Benefits of a Strong Culture
 “FIT” – Job Performance, Lower Turnover, Job
Satisfaction
 Conflict reduction
 Less Formalization

10. Is Culture a Liability?
Barriers
to
Change
Lack of
Diversity
Mergers