1. The North vs. The SouthThe North vs. The South
4-6.1:4-6.1: Compare the industrial North and theCompare the industrial North and the
agricultural South prior to the Civil War, including theagricultural South prior to the Civil War, including the
specific nature of the economy of each region, thespecific nature of the economy of each region, the
geographic characteristics and boundaries ofgeographic characteristics and boundaries of
each region, and the basic way of life in each region.each region, and the basic way of life in each region.

2. The NorthThe North

3. The North- Geographical FeaturesThe North- Geographical Features
 TheThe NorthNorth had rocky soilhad rocky soil
and a much shorterand a much shorter
growing season, they didgrowing season, they did
not have cash crops.not have cash crops.
 The many natural harborsThe many natural harbors
and abundance of lumberand abundance of lumber
in the region ledin the region led
Northerners to develop anNortherners to develop an
economy based oneconomy based on
shipbuilding andshipbuilding and
commerce.commerce.
 Factories were built in theFactories were built in the
North that took advantageNorth that took advantage
of the swift flowing riversof the swift flowing rivers
for water power.for water power.

4. The North- Economical FactorsThe North- Economical Factors
 Northern states emancipated their slavesNorthern states emancipated their slaves
in response to the ideals of thein response to the ideals of the
Declaration of Independence and becauseDeclaration of Independence and because
they were not as dependent on slave laborthey were not as dependent on slave labor
for their farms or factories.for their farms or factories.
 The North believed in a free labor system.The North believed in a free labor system.
 The industrial revolution brought manyThe industrial revolution brought many
immigrants who found jobs in theimmigrants who found jobs in the
factories.factories.
 Population grew quickly.Population grew quickly.
 Banks and other businesses developed inBanks and other businesses developed in
the North to serve the needs of thethe North to serve the needs of the
growing industry and population.growing industry and population.
 Despite this economic growth, the majorityDespite this economic growth, the majority
of people in the North still lived on smallof people in the North still lived on small
farms at the time of the Civil War.farms at the time of the Civil War.

5. The North- LifestyleThe North- Lifestyle
 Public education,Public education,
including colleges, was aincluding colleges, was a
well-established traditionwell-established tradition
in the North because ofin the North because of
the early Puritanthe early Puritan
insistence on Biblicalinsistence on Biblical
literacy as essential toliteracy as essential to
salvation.salvation.
 However, as in the South,However, as in the South,
the type and amount ofthe type and amount of
educational opportunityeducational opportunity
varied, depending onvaried, depending on
gender and social class.gender and social class.

6. The SouthThe South

7. The South- GeographicalThe South- Geographical
FeaturesFeatures TheThe SouthSouth developed as andeveloped as an
agricultural region becauseagricultural region because
of its fertile soil andof its fertile soil and
temperate climate thattemperate climate that
permitted the growing ofpermitted the growing of
cash crops.cash crops.
 The abundance of rivers forThe abundance of rivers for
the transportation ofthe transportation of
agricultural products toagricultural products to
market also contributed tomarket also contributed to
the development of thethe development of the
South’s economy.South’s economy.

8. The South- Economical FactorsThe South- Economical Factors
 Growing of cash crops.Growing of cash crops.
 South believed in a slave-laborSouth believed in a slave-labor
system.system.
 The institution of slavery made aThe institution of slavery made a
significant contribution to thesignificant contribution to the
development of the way of life of thedevelopment of the way of life of the
slave owners and their slaves andslave owners and their slaves and
even impacted the majority of theeven impacted the majority of the
population who did not own slaves.population who did not own slaves.
 Dependence on slavery intensifiedDependence on slavery intensified
after the invention of the cotton gin.after the invention of the cotton gin.

9. The South- LifestyleThe South- Lifestyle
 Little opportunity forLittle opportunity for
public education in thepublic education in the
South due to:South due to:
Lack of religious emphasisLack of religious emphasis
on literacyon literacy
White elite attitudes thatWhite elite attitudes that
considered education aconsidered education a
social and racial privilegesocial and racial privilege
Geographic isolation dueGeographic isolation due
to dependence onto dependence on
agricultureagriculture

10. What separates the two?What separates the two?
TheThe boundary between the North andboundary between the North and
the Souththe South was located on the borderwas located on the border
between Maryland and Pennsylvaniabetween Maryland and Pennsylvania
[known as the Mason Dixon line].[known as the Mason Dixon line].