What value of N comes closest to ma ng the eft hand cash-flow diagram.pdf

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What value of N comes closest to ma ng the eft hand cash-flow diagram ofthe accompanying figure equivalent to the one on the right? Let i 2% per year. Use a uni orm gradient amount G in our 111 solution. | 2/ Click the icon to view the accompanying figure for cash flows Click the icon to view the interest and annuity table for discrete compounding when 12% per year More Info The value ofN is L years. (Round up to the nearest whole year.) 2 Years 27R 0 1 2 3 4 5 N=? Years 2R 27R 3R (N-2)R Enter your answer in the answer box, then click Check Answer Print Done All parts showing Solution.

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Why do I want to add a pole to a closed loop transfer function. Keep your answer short. What are the types of stabilities? What type of system is marginally unstable. Solution Problem 3 Effect of adding pole to closed loop transfer function The addition of left half pole tends to slow down the system response. The effect of addition of pole becomes more pronounced as pole location drifts away from imaginary axis. Addition of right half pole will make overall system response to be an unstable one. Problem 4 Different kinds os stabilities are :BIBO Stable, Marginally Stable, Conditionally Stable, Uniformly Stable, Asymptoticly Stable Problem 5 When the poles of the system in the complex S-Domain exist on the complex frequency axis (the vertical axis) ,the system exhibits oscillatory characteristics, and is said to be marginally stable. A marginally stable system may become unstable under certain circumstances, and may be perfectly stable under other circumstances. It is impossible to tell by inspection whether a marginally stable system will become unstable or not..

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Why is Inflow and Infiltration (I/I) an issue for wastewater treatment plants? Explain in terms of what causes it, the sources of I/I, and its impact on hydraulic capacity and treatment efficiencies at wastewater treatment plant? Solution Infiltration is due to the excess water that sometimes seeps, trickles, or flows into old or damaged collection systems from the surrounding soil. Inflow is due to additional unwanted water that enter collection systems from above ground sources. For example , due to excess rainfall, from private properties Causes: a) Infiltration: 1. poor soil conditions in which sewer lines are laid 2.poor construction materials or shoddy construction and workmanship b) Inflow 1.Poor planing of the sewerage system 2.draining of swamps, wetlands, or low-lying or flooded areas into collection systems through connect i o n s or leaky manhole covers. Effect on plant 1. Due to Inflow and infiltraion, there exists a uncertainity of amount of water is about to enter the waste water plant. Greater than anticipated flow comes to plant 2. As we know waste water treatemnt plant depends on microbial activity, change in loading rate causes death of microorganisms. 3.Increases treatment cost 4.Decrease in efficiency of plant.

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Why is groundwater sometimes a problem at construction sites? How tan the problems be solved? Solution Distress or failure of existing pavement; • Wet spots in pavement or subgrade material piping through cracks or joints; • Undulating pavement surface; • Unlined irrigation canals on slopes uphill of highway; • Cattails or wetlands vegetation growing in borrow ditch or on slopes; • Seepage from cut slopes or natural slopes; • Evidence of slope instability such as scarps, old landslides, and trees at adverse angles..

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Why is concrete such a widely used construction material? Concrete is basically, (fine and coarse), abd paste\" (water and Portland cement) The devolvement of cementing materials traces back to the Egyptians and Romans. In 1824, Joseph Aspdin produced a Portland cement from a heated mixture of and .in 1872 the first Portland cement plant was opened in. A material that reacts with water to form a hardened mass. The chemical reaction between water and Portland cement, that leads to the formation of hardened concrete. A by-product of the hydration reaction between water and Portland cement. The leaching of free lime. Caused by a reaction of chemicals in the mix water with the cement paste, usually leaving a white stain Solution portland cement is from a heated mixture of clay and calcium carbonate cement: it is the material which reacts with water and forms a hardend mass hydration of cement : the chemical reaction between water and cement , that leads to the formation of hardend mass tricalcium silicate C3S : it is the by product of hydration reaction between water and cement compaction of concrete : it increases the density of plastic concrete by expelleing the entraped air water cement ratio : the ratio of mass of water to that of cement in batch of plastic concrete admixtures : any ingredient other than cement , water, or aggregates , that is added to a batch of plastic concrete to impart certain desirable properties to the plastic or hardened concrete flashing: the ability of cemtn to maintain a stable volume after setting.

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