from kumasi central market

1. REPORT ON WASTE
MANAGEMENT
GROUP 2
FROM KUMASI CENTRAL MARKET

3. INTRODUCTION
• Waste management is one of the major environmental burdens particularly in megacities of
many developed and developing African countries. An alarming rate of waste generation
trends can be seen parallel to urbanization, industrialization and economic development. This
environmental burden continues to be a major pressing issue threatening the environment and
health of the people. Unless environmental measures are introduced and effectively enforced,
continuing burdens of waste management will be inevitable.

4. Intro cont.
• This section highlights the background and rationale of the report which is comprised of
the definition and various types of waste and their management in Kumasi central market
particularly solid waste.
• WASTE: refers to unwanted or unusable material. The types of waste usually generated
are solid wastes which includes metals, pastics textiles and waste from corn milling and
individual stores liquid waste from bathroom, urinal, drained liquid from food items and
gaseous waste from gases emitting from corn milling machines and vehicles.

5. Introduction cont.,
• The adverse effects on the environment due to improper waste management are well
known. These are as follows
Air pollution due to bad odour of waste.
Harmful effects of rats, flies, mosquitoes, germs and other insects.
Probability of diseases and epidemics.
Health related problems for the people working the the dumping sites.
In view of above, studies were taken up to assess the contamination status in and around the

6. FIELD ACTIVITY
Our visit to Kumasi central market happened on the 30th of Jan. 2015 at about
2pm.We asked of where the waste gathered are managed and were directed by
some market women to the temporary dumping site.
 Mr Baaba; the Overseer of the temporal waste management site was interviewed
and he explained to us how the Zoomlion and the KMA function in collecting
and managing the waste generated at the market site.

7. WASTE MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES
• Collection of the waste
Method of collection of the waste are through mobile collection in which head pans, wheelbarrows
and basically tricycles are used by the KMA. After the collection, the waste is temporarily stored by
Zoomlion and KMA at their temporal storage sites in large containers before they are conveyed in
large trucks to their permanent storage sites for recycling and incineration.
Depending on the amount of waste to be deposited, market women were charged 5O pesewas to 3
cedis after which waste managers group the waste into recyclable one and non recyclable ones and are
kept in their respectable containers.

8. Transportation of the solid waste
• Transportation of waste is through a variety of vehicles such as three-wheelers, tractors
and trucks. The transport vehicles are loaded manually and these are used once daily.
• The transportation system does not also synchronize with the system of primary
collection and bulk waste storage facilities.
• It was observed that vehicles transporting waste are not covered with tarpaulin plastic
sheets.

9. Transportation cont.,
When the containers are full, they are sent to their permanent deposition site
located at Daaban Kuwait by larger vehicles. Over there, the recyclable ones
are channeled into fertilizers whiles some are used for land filling and the
rest are incinerated.

10. Focus of Discussion
Few market women and the waste management supervisor were interviewed
on their challenges, working conditions and how things can be made better.
Many reported that they suffer malaria and cholera due to the unhygienic
environment. Other complaints were; poor health concerns of their national
waste managing official and how they spent much on their health.

11. Occupational hazards
• Aims: The present study aimed to assess the occupational health problems of municipal
solid waste management workers.
• Material and Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among solid
waste management workers of central market, Kumasi. Two workers were included the
study. Data were collected by direct interview. The observed morbidity like respiratory
diseases, eye diseases, dermatological problems and nail infections were elicited by
general assessment. The point prevalence of other occupational related health events
present during the study time was collected by self-reported complaints.

12. Occupational hazard cont.,
• Results: The mean age was 37 years. The observed morbidity like respiratory
diseases, eye diseases, dermatological problems, nail infections were high ranged
from 21% to 47%. The reported prevalence of occupation related morbidities like
falls (63.6%), accidents (22%), injuries (73.2%), and water-vector borne disease
(7.1%) were high. The current prevalence of musculoskeletal morbidities
showing that all major joints are involved (17-39%).

13. General observation
• It was observed that very poor community garbage collection facility is in
practices all over the market
• Most of the drains beside the road were found choked due to indiscriminate
dumping of garbage.
• The metal and plastic bins at the lace were dirty, overflowing and broken.
• Vultures were common in these dumping areas.

14. conclusion
• The work related health-problems were reported to be high as a result of poor waste
management. The prevalence of Respiratory, dermatological, eye problems and injury,
musculoskeletal problems were reported to be high among municipal solid work
handlers. Measures are needed to improve the work environment of waste handlers by
ensuring availability of protective gears based on ergonomic principles, clean drinking
water and washing and sanitation facilities during working hours as Florence Nightingale
related the health of an individual to his environment.

15. Recommendations
• To provide sufficient community garbage storage facilities in the market is a pre-requisite to
better management of waste.
• To avoid throwing waste in the open drains to prevent drain choking.
• To asses the pollution load, monitoring facility should be developed.
• To develop sanitary landfill sites as per guidelines of the ministry of energy and health.
• To store, transport and dispose industrial waste as per guidelines.
• To spread mass awareness like “keep central market clean, “or keep your waste unmixed”.
• Workers at the working sites should always keep their foods covered, wash their hands before and
after handling of waste and eating.

16. Group Member
• Baah Charles 7826412
• Forson Gabriella 7828012
• Nti Nanelle Griselda 7829412
• Opoku- Mensah Barbara 7830812
• Adjei Kwarteng Isaiah 7823112
• Amoah Belinda Ohenewaah 7824712
• Kuten Rita