1. Coal Fired Power Plants By Waqas Ali Tunio (07ME34), QUEST, Nawabshah .::No Sin - I Win::.

2. Introduction .::No Sin - I Win::. Coal-fired units produce electricity by burning coal in a boiler to heat water to produce steam. The steam, at tremendous pressure, flows into a turbine, which spins a generator to produce electricity. The steam is cooled, condensed back into water, and returned to the boiler to start the process over.

3. Coal Fired Power Plants A conventional coal-fired power plant produces electricity by burning coal in a steam generator that heats water to produce high pressure and high temperature steam. The steam flows through a series of steam turbines which spin an electrical generator to produce electricity. The exhaust steam from the turbines is cooled, condensed back into water, and returned to the steam generator to start the process over. Conventional coal-fired power plants are highly complex and custom designed on a large scale for continuous operation 24 hours per day and 365 days per year. Such plants provide most of the electrical energy used in many countries. Most plants built in the 1980s and early 1990s have a power of around 500 MW (500•106 watt), while many of the modern plants have a power of around 1000 MW. Also the efficiencies (ratio of electrical energy produced to energy released by the coal burned) of conventional coal-fired plants increased from under 35% to close to 45%. .::No Sin - I Win::.

6. Wastes generated: Ash, sludge, toxic chemicals, and waste heat create more environmental problems.

7. Fuel supply: Mining, transporting, and storing coal levels mountains and pollutes the land, water, and air.

9. Coal Power Stations in Pakistan Source: Energy Book 2002, Hydrocarbon Development Institute of Pakistan. PROPOSED COAL POWER PROJECTS (MEDIUM TERM PLAN ) PROPOSED COAL POWER PROJECTS (LONG TERM PLAN ) .::No Sin - I Win::.

10. Conclusion .::No Sin - I Win::.