คู่มือการถ่ายภาพเบื้องต้น by a L i S * photolista
- 2. Photographer profile
ª×èÍ : ÍÅÊÃÒ ÁÒÊÀÑÊà (¡Ô¿·)
Ô
ÃËʹʵ : 5142442126
Ñ ÔÔ
¤³Ð : ¾Ò³ÔªÂÈÒʵÃáÅСÒúުÕ
Ñ
¡ÅŒÍ§·Õè㪌 : Nikon d60
àŹÊ
• Kit : Nikkor 18-55 mm
• Wide : Sigma 10-22 mm
• Telephoto :Nikkor 55-200 mm
• Fix : Nikkor 50 mm
- 3. 1.¤ÇÒÁÊÑÁ¾Ñ¹¸ÃÐËÇ‹Ò§¤ÇÒÁäǪѵàµÍáѺ¤‹ÒàÅ¢àÍ¿
1.1 ¡ÒÃÇÑ´áʧ normal exposure
㹡Òö‹ÒÂÀÒ¾ µŒÍ§ÁÕ¡ÒÃÇÑ´áʧãˌ໚¹ normal exposure
àÊÁÍ ¨ÐÊѧࡵ䴌NjҷÑé§ 6 ÀÒ¾ ÁÕ»ÃÔÁÒ³áʧº¹ÀҾ෋ҡѹ ᵋ¤‹Ò
¤ÇÒÁäǪµàµÍáѺ¤‹ÒàÅ¢àÍ¿äÁ‹à·‹Ò¡Ñ¹
Ñ
ÍÒ¨ÊÃػ䴌NjÒ
ËÒ¡àÃÒà¾ÔèÁ ¤ÇÒÁäǪµàµÍà 1 stop ¡çµŒÍ§Å´ÃÙÃѺáʧ 1 stop
Ñ
ËÃÍ ×
ËÒ¡àÃÒÅ´ ¤ÇÒÁäǪµàµÍà 1 stop ¡çµŒÍ§à¾ÔèÁÃѺáʧ 1 stop
Ñ
à¾×èÍãËŒ»ÃÔÁÒ³áʧµ¡Å§º¹ÀҾ෋Òà´ÔÁ
- 4. 1.¤ÇÒÁÊÑÁ¾Ñ¹¸ÃÐËÇ‹Ò§¤ÇÒÁäǪѵàµÍáѺ¤‹ÒàÅ¢àÍ¿
1.2 ÈÖ¡ÉÒà¡ÕèÂǡѺ Exposure factor
ËÒ¡àÃÒãËŒ shutter speed ¤§·Õè áÅÐ
»ÃѺ ÃÙÃѺáʧãËŒà»ÅÕèÂ¹ä» ¨ÐàËç¹ä´ŒÁռŵ‹Í
»ÃÔÁÒ³áʧ·Õ赡ŧº¹ÀÒ¾
¡ÒûÃѺ f no. ãËŒ¹ŒÍÂŧ ¨Ð·íÒãËŒáʧࢌÒÁÒ
ã¹ÀÒ¾ÁÒ¡à¡Ô¹ä» «Öè§àÃÒàÃÕÂ¡Ç‹Ò over
exposure
¡ÒûÃѺ f no ãËŒÁÒ¡¢Öé¹ ¨Ð·íÒãËŒáʧࢌÒÁÒã¹
ÀÒ¾¹ŒÍÂà¡Ô¹ä» «Öè§àÃÒàÃÕÂ¡Ç‹Ò under
exposure
ËÒ¡àÃÒÊѧࡵ´Õ´Õ ¨Ðä´ŒàËç¹ä´ŒÇ‹Ò¡ÒûÃѺÃÙÃѺ
áʧ¹Ñé¹Áռŵ‹Í¤ÇÒÁªÑ´áÅФÇÒÁàºÅͧ͢
backgound ËÃ×ÍàÃÒÍÒ¨¨Ðä´ŒÂÔ¹¡Ñ¹ÁÒÇ‹Ò
ÅÐÅÒ¾×é¹ËÅѧ¹Ñè¹àͧ
- 5. 1.¤ÇÒÁÊÑÁ¾Ñ¹¸ÃÐËÇ‹Ò§¤ÇÒÁäǪѵàµÍáѺ¤‹ÒàÅ¢àÍ¿
1.2 ÈÖ¡ÉÒà¡ÕèÂǡѺ Exposure factor
ઋ¹à´ÕÂǡѹËÒ¡àÃÒãËŒ f no. ¤§·Õè áÅÐ
»ÃѺ shutter speed ãËŒà»ÅÕèÂ¹ä» ¨ÐàËç¹
ä´ŒÁռŵ‹Í»ÃÔÁÒ³áʧ·Õ赡ŧº¹ÀÒ¾
¡ÒûÃѺ shutter speed ãËŒ¹ŒÍÂŧ ¨Ð·íÒãËŒ
áʧࢌÒÁÒã¹ÀÒ¾ÁÒ¡à¡Ô¹ä» «Öè§àÃÒàÃÕ¡NjÒ
over exposure
¡ÒûÃѺ shutter speed ãËŒÁÒ¡¢Öé¹ ¨Ð·íÒãËŒ
áʧࢌÒÁÒã¹ÀÒ¾¹ŒÍÂà¡Ô¹ä» «Öè§àÃÒàÃÕ¡NjÒ
under exposure
ËÒ¡àÃÒÊѧࡵ´Õ´Õ ¨Ðä´ŒàËç¹ä´ŒÇ‹Ò¡ÒûÃѺÃÙÃѺ
áʧ¹Ñé¹Áռŵ‹Í¡ÒÃà¤Å×è͹äËǢͧÇѵ¶Ø ËÒ¡àÃÒ
»ÃѺ shutter speed ãËŒàÃçÇÁÒ¡æ àÃÒÍÒ¨¨Ð
ä´ŒÀÒ¾¶‹Ò·ÕàÃÕ¡¡Ñ¹Ç‹Ò stop motion
è
- 6. 2.ÈÖ¡ÉÒà¡ÕÂǡѺ Depth of field
è
Depth of field ËÃ×Í·ÕèÃÙŒ¨Ñ¡¡Ñ¹Ç‹Ò ªÑ´ÅÖ¡ªÑ´µ×é¹
¹¹àͧ
èÑ
¨Ò¡ÀÒ¾¨Ðà˹ä´Ç‹Ò¤ÇÒÁᵡµÒ§¢Í§·Ò§ÂÒÇâ¿¡ÑÊ
ç Œ ‹
¢Í§àŹÊÁռŵ‹Í¤ÇÒÁªÑ´ÅÖ¡ªÑ´µ×é¹ ¡Å‹ÒǤ×Í
ËÒ¡àÃÒãªàŹÊwide ¨ÐÁÕ¤ÇÒÁªÑ´ÅÖ¡ÁÒ¡¡Ç‹Ò
Œ
àŹʻ¡µáÅÐàÅ¹Ê telephoto
Ô
ã¹·Õè¹Õé¡ÒÃÊѧࡵªÑ´ÅÖ¡ªÑ´µ×é¹ÍÒ¨´Ùä´Œ¨Ò¡¤ÇÒÁ
ªÑ´¢Í§ÅíҴѺµØ¡µÒ àÁ×èÍàÃÒâ¿¡ÑʵءµÒµÑÇ·Õè 4
àÁ×èͶ‹Ò´ŒÇÂàŹÊwide¨ÐªÑ´µÑé§áµ‹ µÑÇ·Õè 2–7
àÁ×èͶ‹Ò¶ŒÇÂàŹʻ¡µÔ¨ÐªÑ´µÑé§áµ‹ µÑÇ·Õè 3–6
àÁ×èͶ‹Ò´ŒÇÂàŹÊtelephoto¨ÐªÑ´ µÑÇ·Õè3-4
- 7. 2.ÈÖ¡ÉÒà¡ÕÂǡѺ Depth of field
è
¢¹Ò´ÃÙÃѺáʧ¡ç໚¹»˜¨¨ÑÂ˹Ö觷Õè·íÒãËŒà¡Ô´
Depth of field 䴌
ËÒ¡àÃÒ㪌F. no ÁÒ¡æ ¨Ð·íÒãËŒà¡Ô´¤ÇÒÁªÑ´
Å¡ÁÒ¡¡ÇÒ F.no »¡µáÅÐ F.no ¹ÍÂæ
Ö ‹ Ô Œ
ã¹·Õè¹Õé¡ÒÃÊѧࡵªÑ´ÅÖ¡ªÑ´µ×é¹ÍÒ¨´Ùä´Œ¨Ò¡¤ÇÒÁ
ªÑ´¢Í§ÅíҴѺµØ¡µÒ àÁ×èÍàÃÒâ¿¡ÑʵءµÒµÑÇ·Õè 4
àÁ×èͶ‹Ò´ŒÇÂF no.ÁÒ¡¨ÐªÑ´µÑé§áµ‹ µÑÇ·Õè 2–7
àÁ×èͶ‹Ò¶ŒÇÂF no.»¡µÔ¨ÐªÑ´µÑé§áµ‹ µÑÇ·Õè 3–6
àÁ×èͶ‹Ò´ŒÇÂF no.¹ŒÍ¨ЪѴ µÑÇ·Õè3-4
Tips: ¨ÐàËç¹ä´ŒÇ‹ÒàŹÊã¹»˜¨¨ØºÑ¹ÂÔè§ÁÕ¤‹Ò f.no
¹ŒÍ¨ÐÂÔè§ÃÒ¤Òᾧ Depth of field ໹ÊÒà赯 š
˹Ö觷Õè·íÒãËŒ¤¹ÍÂÒ¡ä´Œ F.no ¹ÍÂæ à¾ÃÒШÐä´Œ
Œ
¶ÒÂÀÒ¾ª´µ¹ áÅлÅÍÂãË©Ò¡ËÅѧàºÅÍÊÇÂæ
‹ Ñ é× ‹ Œ
- 8. 2.ÈÖ¡ÉÒà¡ÕÂǡѺ Depth of field
è
ÃÐÂТͧÇѵ¶Ø໚¹»˜¨¨ÑÂÊØ´·ŒÒ·ÕèÁռŵ‹Í Depth
of field
ËÒ¡àÃÒ㪌Focus Çѵ¶Øä¡Å ¨ÐÁÕ¤ÇÒÁªÑ´ÅÖ¡
ÁÒ¡¡Ç‹ÒÇѵ¶Øã¡ÅŒ
ã¹·Õè¹Õé¡ÒÃÊѧࡵªÑ´ÅÖ¡ªÑ´µ×é¹ÍÒ¨´Ùä´Œ¨Ò¡¤ÇÒÁ
ªÑ´¢Í§ÅíҴѺµØ¡µÒ
àÁ×èͶ‹ÒÂáÅŒÇFocus µÑÇ·Õè 8¨ÐªÑ´ µÑÇ·Õè 4–8
àÁ×èͶ‹Ò¶ŒÇÂFocus µÑÇ·Õè 4¨ÐªÑ´ µÑÇ·Õè 3–6
àÁ×èͶ‹Ò´ŒÇÂFocus µÑÇ·Õè 1¨ÐªÑ´ µÑÇ·Õè 1 -2
àÃÒÊÒÁÒöÊûä´ÇÒ Ê§·Á¼ÅµÍ Depth of
Ø Œ ‹ èÔ èÕ Õ ‹
field ¤Í
×
1. ·Ò§ÂÒÇ⿡ʢͧàŹÊ
Ñ
2. ÃÙÃѺáʧ ËÃ×Í F no.
3. ÃÐÂÐǵ¶Ø
Ñ
- 9. .3. ÈÖ¡ÉÒà¡ÕÂǡѺ·ÑȹÁµÔ Perspective
è Ô
¡Òö‹ÒÂÀÒ¾·ÔÇ·ÑȹÊÔ觷ÕÊíÒ¤ÑÞÍ‹ҧ˹Ö觤×ÍÁØÁÁͧ¡Òö‹ÒÂÀÒ¾ áÅШش»ÃÐʧ¤ã¹¡Òö‹ÒÂÀÒ¾ ¨Ò¡ÀÒ¾¨ÐàËç¹ä´ŒÇ‹Ò ¶‹Ò´ŒÇ·ҧ
è
ÂÒÇâ¿¡ÑʢͧàŹʷÕèᵡµ‹Ò§¡Ñ¹
ËÒ¡àÃÒµŒÍ§¡Ò÷ըÐä´ŒÀÒ¾â´ÂÃÇÁàËç¹·Ñé§ËÁ´¢Í§·ÔÇ·Ñȹ¹Ñé¹ ¡ÒÃàÅ×Í¡ wide ¶×ÍÇ‹Ò໚¹·Ò§àÅ×Í¡·Õè´Õ
ᵋÍ‹ÒÅ×ÁÇ‹Ò ¢ŒÍàÊÕ¢ͧàÅ¹Ê wide ¹Ñé¹·íÒãËŒµÖ¡àºÕéÂÇ äÁ‹µÃ§¡Ñº¤ÇÒÁ໚¹¨ÃÔ§
ËÃ×Í ¶ŒÒËÒ¡ÍÂÒ¡ä´ŒÁØÁÁͧ෋ÒÃÐÂзÕèµÒÁͧàË繨ÃÔ§ ¤ÇÃ㪌ÃÐÂÐ 50-55 mm
ᤋ¶ŒÒÍÂÒ¡¨Ðà¨ÒÐ detail ¢Í§ÀÒ¾ ¤ÇÃ㪌àÅ¹Ê telephoto «Ö觢ŒÍ´ÕÍÕ¡Í‹ҧ˹Ö觤ŒÍ¨Ðä´ŒµÖ¡·ÕèµÃ§ äÁ‹ºÔ´ äÁ‹àºÕéÂÇ
- 10. .3. ÈÖ¡ÉÒà¡ÕÂǡѺ·ÑȹÁµÔ Perspective
è Ô
3.1 ¡Òö‹ÒÂÀÒ¾·ÔÇ·ÑȹÊÔ觷ÕÊíÒ¤ÑÞÍ‹ҧ˹Ö觤×ÍÁØÁÁͧ¡Òö‹ÒÂÀÒ¾ áÅШش»ÃÐʧ¤ã¹¡Òö‹ÒÂÀÒ¾ ¨Ò¡ÀÒ¾¨ÐàËç¹ä´ŒÇ‹Ò ¶‹Ò´ŒÇÂ
è
·Ò§ÂÒÇâ¿¡ÑʢͧàŹʷᵡµ‹Ò§¡Ñ¹
Õè
ËÒ¡àÃÒµŒÍ§¡Ò÷ըÐä´ŒÀÒ¾â´ÂÃÇÁàËç¹·Ñé§ËÁ´¢Í§·ÔÇ·Ñȹ¹Ñé¹ ¡ÒÃàÅ×Í¡ wide ¶×ÍÇ‹Ò໚¹·Ò§àÅ×Í¡·Õè´Õ
ËÃ×Í ¶ŒÒËÒ¡ÍÂÒ¡ä´ŒÁØÁÁͧ෋ÒÃÐÂзÕèµÒÁͧàË繨ÃÔ§ ¤ÇÃ㪌ÃÐÂÐ 50-55 mm
ᤋ¶ŒÒÍÂÒ¡¨Ðà¨ÒÐ detail ¢Í§ÀÒ¾ ¤ÇÃ㪌àÅ¹Ê telephoto
- 11. .3. ÈÖ¡ÉÒà¡ÕÂǡѺ·ÑȹÁµÔ Perspective
è Ô
10 เมตร 25 เมตร 75 เมตร
3.2 ÁØÁÁͧ¡Òö‹ÒÂÀÒ¾·ÕèÊíÒ¤ÑÞÍա˹Öè§Í‹ҧ¤×Í¡ÒÃà¤Å×è͹äËÇ
ËÒ¡àÃÒÍÂÙ¹Ôè§æ¡Ñº·Õè ÍÒ¨¨ÐäÁ‹ä´ŒÀÒ¾ã¹ÁØÁÁͧ·ÕËÅÒ¡ËÅÒÂÁÒ¡¹Ñ¡
‹ è
à·¤¹Ô¤Ë¹Ö觷չ‹Òʹ㨤×Í¡ÒÃà´Ô¹à¢ŒÒ – ÍÍ¡ ¨Ò¡Çѵ¶Ø à¾×èÍ·íÒãËŒàÃÒàËç¹ÁØÁÁͧ·Õèᵡµ‹Ò§
è
㹡óշàÃÒÁÕàŹÊÍÂÙµÑÇà´ÕÂÇ
Õè ‹
¡Òö‹ÒÂÀÒ¾·ÕèÃÐÂÐÇѵ¶Øᵡµ‹Ò§¡Ñ¹ ¨Ð·íÒãËŒÀÒ¾·ÕèÍÍ¡ÁÒÁÕÅѡɳзÕËÅÒ¡ËÅÒÂÁÒ¡¢Öé¹
è
- 12. .3. ÈÖ¡ÉÒà¡ÕÂǡѺ·ÑȹÁµÔ Perspective
è Ô
3.3 ¡ÒÃ㪌àÅ¹Ê wide ໚¹ÍÕ¡·Ò§àÅ×͡˹Õ觷Õè·íÒãËŒàÃÒÊÒÁÒöà¡çºÃÒÂÅÐàÍÕ´䴌ÀҾ䴌ÁÒ¡ ᵋ·Ñ駹Õé·Ñ駹Ñé¹ ¡ç¢Ö鹡Ѻ¨Ø´»ÃÐʧ¤
¢Í§¡Òö‹ÒÂÀÒ¾ ¡ÒÃ㪌àÅ¹Ê wide ¶‹ÒÂÀÒ¾ã¹ÃйҺ¿ÅÁ¢¹Ò¹¡ÑºµÖ¡ àÃÒÍÒ¨¨ÐÊÒÁÒöà¡çºÃÒÂÅÐàÍÕ´¢Í§¾×é¹áÅе֡
ᵋËÒ¡àÃÒ㪌àÅ¹Ê wide ¶‹ÒÂÀҾ໚¹ÁØÁà§Â àÃÒ¡çÊÒÁÒöà¡çºÃÒÂÅÐàÍÕ´¢Í§µÖ¡áÅзŒÍ§¿‡Òä´Œ
ᵋÍ‹ÒÅ×ÁÇ‹Ò ¢ŒÍàÊÕ¢ͧàÅ¹Ê wide ¤×ͨзíÒãËŒÃÙ»·Ã§µÖ¡ºÔ´àºÕéÂÇ äÁ‹àËÁ×͹¡Ñº·ÕèÁͧàË繨ÃÔ§
- 13. .4.ÈÖ¡ÉÒà¡ÕÂǡѺ¡Òö‹ÒÂÀÒ¾à¤Å×͹äËÇ
è è
4.1 ¡Òö‹ÒÂÇѵ¶Ø·Õè¡íÒÅѧà¤Å×è͹äËÇ à»š¹
¤ÇÒÁ·ŒÒ·ÒÂ˹Ö觢ͧ¡Òö‹ÒÂÀÒ¾ à¾ÃÒÐÇѵ¶Ø
¹Ñ鹨ÐÁÒáǺà´ÕÂÇ áŌǡç¨Ò¡ä» ¡ÒõÑé§
Speed shutter ·ÕèàËÁÒÐÊÁ ¨Ð·íÒãËŒàÃÒ
ÊÒÁÒö capture ÀÒ¾ãËŒµÃ§µÒÁã¨
µŒÍ§¡ÒÃ
¨Ò¡ÀÒ¾¨ÐàËç¹ä´ŒÇ‹Ò ¨ÐÁÕ¡ÒÃ㪌 speed
shutter ·Õèᵡµ‹Ò§¡Ñ¹ Ëҡ㪌 speed
shuter ·Õ誌Òà¡Ô¹ä» ¨Ð·íÒãËŒÇѵ¶ØäËǨ¹äÁ‹
ÊÒÁÒöÁͧÍÍ¡Ç‹Ò໚¹ÍÐäà ᵋ¶ŒÒËҡ㪌
speed shutter ·ÕèàÃçÇà¡Ô¹ä» ¨Ð·íÒãËŒÇѵ¶Ø
ËÂØ´¹Ô觷×èÍ àÊÁ×͹NjÒÁѹäÁ‹ä´Œà¤Å×è͹äËÇ
´Ñ§¹Ñé¹ ¡ÒÃàÅ×Í¡ speed shutter ·Õè
¾Í´Õ ¨Ð·íÒãËŒàÃÒÊÒÁÒö¨ÑºÀÒ¾Çѵ¶Øä´ŒªÑ´
áÅÐàË繡ÒÃà¤Å×è͹äËÇ·ÕèÊǧÒÁ
- 14. .4.ÈÖ¡ÉÒà¡ÕÂǡѺ¡Òö‹ÒÂÀÒ¾à¤Å×͹äËÇ
è è
4.2 ÍÕ¡à·¤¹Ô¤Ë¹Öè§ ·ÕèÍÒ¨¨Ð
¾ºà˹䴌¾º¤Íà·¤¹¤¡ÒÃá¾¹
ç × Ô
¡ÅŒÍ§µÒÁÇѵ¶Ø ÅѡɳÐà´‹¹¤×Í
background ¨Ð໚¹àÊŒ¹æ
áÊ´§¤ÇÒÁÃÙŒÊÖ¡Ç‹ÒÁÕ¡ÒÃà¤Å×è͹äËÇ
ªÑ´à¨¹
¡ÒÃàÅ×Í¡ speed shutter
·ÕèàËÁÒÐÊÁ¨Ð·íÒãËŒÇѵ¶Ø·ÕèàÃÒ
µŒÍ§¡ÒÃÍÂÙ‹¹Ôè§ áÅÐ
background ¨Ð໚¹àÊŒ¹æ
- 15. .5.ÈÖ¡ÉÒà¡ÕÂǡѺ¡Òö‹ÒÂÀÒ¾´Í¡äÁŒ
è
5.1 ¡Ò÷ÕèàÃÒ¶‹ÒÂÀÒ¾´Í¡äÁŒ ¨Ø´»ÃÐʧ¤¢Í§¡Òö‹ÒÂÀҾ໚¹àÃ×èͧÊíÒ¤ÑÞÍաઋ¹¡Ñ¹ ¡ÒÃàÅ×Í¡ F no. 㹡Òö‹ÒÂÀÒ¾¨Ð·íÒãËŒàËç¹ÀҾᵡµ‹Ò§
µÑé§ F no. ¹ŒÍÂæ ËÒ¡àÃÒµŒÍ§¡Ò÷Õè¨ÐãËŒªÑ´à©¾Òкҧ´Í¡ áÅÐãËŒ´Í¡Í×è¹æàºÅÍ໚¹ background
µÑé§ F no. ¡ÅÒ§ ËÒ¡àÃÒµŒÍ§¡Ò÷Õè¨ÐãËŒªÑ´à»š¹¡ÅØ‹ÁàÅŒ¡æ ᵋ¡çÂѧÍÂÒ¡.ãËŒ background àºÅÍÍÂÙ‹
µÑé§ F no. ÁÒ¡æ ËÒ¡àÃÒµŒÍ§¡ÒèÐãËŒªÑ´·Ñé§ÀÒ¾ ¾ÃŒÍÁ·Ñé§ÂѧÊÒÁÒöà¡çº background ä´Œ
- 16. .5.ÈÖ¡ÉÒà¡ÕÂǡѺ¡Òö‹ÒÂÀÒ¾´Í¡äÁŒ
è
5.2 ¡ÒáíÒ˹´·ÔÈ·Ò§áʧ·Õè¨ÐࢌÒ
ËÃ×ÍÊÀÒ¾áʧ ໚¹ÊÔ觷Õè·íÒãËŒÀÒ¾´ÙÁÕ
¤ÇÒÁᵡµ‹Ò§
¡Òö‹ÒÂÀÒ¾â´ÂãËŒáʧࢌҴŒÒ¹Ë¹ŒÒ ËÃ×Í
áÊ§à¢ŒÒ 90 ͧÈÒ ÍÒ¨¨Ð·íÒãËŒÀÒ¾´ÙÁÔµÔ
¹ŒÍÂ¡Ç‹Ò ¡ÒÃãËŒáʧࢌҴŒÒ¹¢ŒÒ§ 45 ͧÈÒ
ËÃ×Í´Í¡äÁŒ ãºäÁŒºÒ§ª¹Ô´ àÁ×èͶ‹ÒÂŒ͹
áʧËÃ×Í´ŒÒ¹ËÅѧ ÍÒ¨¨ÐÊǧÒÁ ÁÒ¡¡Ç‹Ò
¶‹ÒµÒÁáʧËÃ×Í´ŒÒ¹Ë¹ŒÒ
- 17. .5.ÈÖ¡ÉÒà¡ÕÂǡѺ¡Òö‹ÒÂÀÒ¾´Í¡äÁŒ
è
5.3 àÁ×èÍàÃÒ件‹ÒÂÃÙ»·‹ÒÁ¡ÅÒ§ËÁÙ‹´Í¡äÁŒ
ÊÔè§áá·ÕèàÃÒµŒÍ§¤Ô´ ´Í¡äÁŒÁÕÍÐäÃ໚¹
ÅѡɳÐà´‹¹ à¡Êà 㺠¡ÅÕº ÅíÒµŒ¹ ËÃ×ÍÍÂÙ‹
¡Ñ¹à»š¹¡ÅØ‹Á
㹡Òö‹Ò´͡äÁŒàÃÒÍÒ¨ÊÒÁÒö à¨ÒÐ
੾ÒÐà¡ÊÃ
ËÃ×Í ¶‹ÒÂàµçÁæ´Í¡
ᵋ¶ŒÒÍÂÙ‹¡Ñ¹à»š¹¡ÅØÁ ¨Ð´ÙÊǧÒÁ
‹
¨Ð·íÒãËŒÀÒ¾¶‹Ò·ÕèÍÍ¡ÁÒÁÕ¤ÇÒÁÃÙŒÊÖ¡·Õè
ᵡµÒ§¡¹
‹ Ñ
- 18. .5.ÈÖ¡ÉÒà¡ÕÂǡѺ¡Òö‹ÒÂÀÒ¾´Í¡äÁŒ
è
5.4 ͧ¤»ÃСͺÊíÒ¤ÑÞ·Õ·íÒãËŒÃÙ»´ÙÁÕàʹ‹Ë ¹Ñ蹤×Í©Ò¡ËÅѧ
è
ÊÔ觤ÇÃËÅÕ¡àÅÕè§ ¤×Í¡ÒûŋÍ©ҡËÅѧãˌᨹà¡Ô¹ä» ·íÒãËŒÇѵ¶Ø
·ÕèàÃÒµŒÍ§¡ÒÃäÁ‹à´‹¹
ʋǹ©Ò¡ËÅѧÍ×è¹æ ÍÒ¨¢Ö鹡ѺÅѡɳТͧ´Í¡äÁŒ ઋ¹ ©Ò¡ËÅѧÊÕ
¿‡Ò¤Ñ´¡Ñº´Í¡äÁŒÊÕ¢ÒÇ ©Ò¡ËÅѧÊÕ¢ÒǡѺãºäÁŒÊÕà¢ÕÂÇ ©Ò¡ËÅѧÊÕ
à¢ÕÂǡѺ´Í¡äÁŒÊÕàËÅ×ͧ໚¹µŒ¹
ËÃ×ÍàÃҨж‹ÒÂÀÒ¾´ŒÇ shutter speed ÊÙ§æ à¾×èÍ·íÒãËŒ©Ò¡
ËÅѧÁ×´áÅзíÒãËŒ´Í¡äÁŒ´Ùà´‹¹¢Öé¹ÁÒ¡ç໚¹ä´Œ
- 19. .5.ÈÖ¡ÉÒà¡ÕÂǡѺ¡Òö‹ÒÂÀÒ¾´Í¡äÁŒ
è
5.5 ¡Òö‹Ò´͡äÁŒ ÍÒ¨äÁ‹¨íÒ໚¹¨ÐµŒÍ§ÁÕᤋ´Í¡äÁŒà·‹Ò¹Ñé¹ àÃÒÂѧÊÒÁÒöà¡çºÍ§¤»ÃСͺÍ×è¹æ·Õèà¡ÕÂÇ¢ŒÍ§¡Ñº´Í¡äÁŒä´Œ
è
ઋ¹ ¡ÒèѺÀÒ¾¢³Ð·Õè¼ÕàÊ×éͼÊÁà¡Êô͡äÁŒ ËÃ×Í ¡Òö‹Ò´͡äÁŒ¡ÑºË´¹éíÒ
Tips : à·¤¹Ô¤·Õè¹Ñ¡¶‹ÒÂÀÒ¾¹ÔÂÁ㪌¤×Í¡Òà ©Õ´ foggy à¾×èÍÊÌҧË´¹éíÒãËŒ¡Ñº´Í¡äÁŒ ËÒ¡Çѹã´ÍÂÒ¡Í͡件‹ÒÂÀÒ¾´Í¡äÁŒ ¡ç
Í‹ÒÅ×Á¾¡ foggy µÔ´µÑÇ äÇŒÊÌҧË´¹éíÒÊÇÂæ¹Ð¨ŒÐ
- 20. .6.ÈÖ¡ÉÒà¡ÕÂǡѺ¡Òö‹ÒÂÀÒ¾ºØ¤¤Å
è
6.1 ¡ÒÃàÅ×͡㪌àÅ¹Ê ÁÕ¤ÇÒÁÊíÒ¤ÑÞ㹡Òö‹ÒÂÀÒ¾ºØ¤¤Å
àŹʷèÕàËÁÒÐÊÁ·Êش㹡ÒöÒÂÀÒ¾º¤¤Å¤ÃèÖ§µÇàµÁà¿ÃÁ ¤Í telephoto à¾ÃÒШзíÒãËŒÁÕ¤ÇÒÁºÔ´àºÕéÂǢͧÃÙ»ÀÒ¾¹ŒÍ·ÕèÊØ´ ᵋ¡Òö‹ÒÂÀÒ¾
èÕ ‹ Ø Ñ ç ×
â´Â㪌 telephoto ¹éѹ¨ÐÁÕÍ»ÊÃäã¹àÃͧ¢Í§ÃÐÂÐǵ¶Ø ¤ÍÃÐËÇÒ§¤¹¶‹ÒÂÀÒ¾áÅеÇẺ ¨ÐË‹Ò§¡¹ÁÒ¡ ·íÒãË¡ÒöÒÂÀÒ¾º¤¤ÅÂÒ¡ÅíÒºÒ¡
Ø è× Ñ × ‹ Ñ Ñ Œ ‹ Ø
¤¹Ê‹Ç¹ãËÞ‹¹ÔÂÁ àÅ×Í¡àŹʷÕèÁÕ·Ò§ÂÒÇâ¿¡ÑʹŒÍÂŧ à¾×èͶ‹ÒÂÀҾ䴌§‹Ò¢Öé¹ áÅеÑÇẺ¼Ô´ÊѴʋǹä»àÅ硹ŒÍÂã¹ÅѡɳзÕèÂÍÁÃѺ䴌
äÁ‹á¹Ð¹íÒãËŒ¶‹ÒÂÀÒ¾¤ÃÖ觵ÑÇàµçÁà¿ÃÁ´ŒÇÂàÅ¹Ê wide à¾ÃÒШзíÒãËŒµÇẺʴÊǹà¾Â¹¨Ò¡¤ÇÒÁ໹¨Ã§ â´ÂÊǹãËިйÂÁãªàÅ¹Ê wide
Ñ Ñ ‹ éÕ š Ô ‹ ‹ Ô Œ
àÁ×è͵ŒÍ§¡ÒöÒÂÀÒ¾ËÁÙ‹¤³Ð à¾×èÍà¡çº¤¹ä´Œ·Ñé§ËÁ´ ᵋÁÕ¢ŒÍàÊÕ¤×Í ¤¹·ÕèÍÂÙ‹ÃÔÁæ ÊѴʋǹ¨Ðà¾Õé¹ áÅкԴàºÕéÂÇ
- 21. .6.ÈÖ¡ÉÒà¡ÕÂǡѺ¡Òö‹ÒÂÀÒ¾ºØ¤¤Å
è
6.2 àÁ×ÍàÃÒàÅ×͡㪌àÅ¹Ê telephoto áÅŒÇ ÊÔ觷Õ赌ͧ¾Ô¨ÒóÒÍÕ¡Í‹ҧ¤×Í©Ò¡ËÅѧ
è
㪌 F no. ¹ŒÍÂæ ËÒ¡àÃÒµŒÍ§¡Ò÷ըÐãËŒªÑ´á¤‹à©¾ÒеÑÇẺ áÅлŋÍÂãËŒ©Ò¡ËÅѧàºÅÍ
è
㪌 F no. ÁÒ¡æ ËÒ¡àÃÒµŒÍ§¡Ò÷ըÐãËŒªÑ´·Ñ駵ÑÇẺ áÅÐ ©Ò¡ËÅѧ
è
- 22. .6.ÈÖ¡ÉÒà¡ÕÂǡѺ¡Òö‹ÒÂÀÒ¾ºØ¤¤Å
è
6.3 ÅíҴѺµ‹ÍÁÒ¤×Í¡ÒÃàÅ×Í¡ÁØÁÁͧ·Õ¨Ð¶‹ÒÂÀÒ¾
è
¡Òö‹ÒÂÀÒ¾â´ÂãËŒÃйҺ¿ÅÁµÑ駩ҡ¡Ñº¾×¹ ¨Ð·íÒãËŒàËç¹ÀÒ¾ÊѴʋǹµÃ§¡Ñº¤ÇÒÁ໚¹¨ÃÔ§ÁÒ¡·ÕèÊØ´
é
ËÒ¡àÃÒà»ÅÕ¹໚¹¶‹Ò´ŒÇÂÁØÁà§Â ¨Ð·íÒãËŒµÑÇẺËÑÇÅÕº ËÃ×ÍÀÒ¾ÅÙ‹ àËÁÒÐÊíÒËÃѺ¡Òö‹ÒÂÀÒ¾¾Ç¡ÃѺÃÒ§ÇÑŠ໚¹µŒ¹
è
ᵋ¶ŒÒËÒ¡àÃÒà»ÅÕ¹໚¹¶‹Ò´ŒÇÂÁØÁ¡ŒÁ ¨Ð·íÒãËŒµÑÇẺ°Ò¹¡ÇŒÒ§ ËÃ×Í ÀÒ¾ºÒ¹ÍÍ¡ àËÁÒÐÊíÒËÃѺ¶‹ÒÂÀÒ¾ãËŒ´ÙËÑÇâµæ
è
- 23. .6.ÈÖ¡ÉÒà¡ÕÂǡѺ¡Òö‹ÒÂÀÒ¾ºØ¤¤Å
è
6.4 ÅíҴѺÊØ´·ŒÒ¤×Í¡ÒÃàÅ×Í¡ÊÀÒ¾áʧ
áʧ·ÕèࢌÒÁÒÁռŵ‹ÍÍÒÃÁ³ªÍ§ÀÒ¾
ËÒ¡µŒÍ§¡ÒÃãËŒÀÒ¾´ÙÁÁÔµÔ ãËŒáʧࢌÒÁÒ
Õ
´ŒÒ¹¢ŒÒ§ 45 ͧÈÒ
áʧ·ÕèࢌÒÁҵçæ¨Ð·íÒãËŒÀÒ¾´Ùẹà¡Ô¹ä»
ËÒ¡áʧࢌÒÁÒÍÂÙËÅѧÀÒ¾ à·¤¹Ô¤·Õ¹ÔÂÁ㪌
‹ è
¡Ñ¹¤×Í¡Òö‹ÒÂÀÒ¾ÃÔÁ light ¤×ͻŋÍÂãËŒµÑÇ
ẺÁ×´áÅŒÇÇÑ´áʧºÃÔàdz»ÅÒ¼Á
à¾×èÍãËŒà¡Ô´áʧÃÔÁæàÊŒ¹¼Á
ËÃ×ͶŒÒÍÂÒ¡ãËŒµÑÇẺÊÇ‹Ò§´ŒÇ ÊÒÁÒö
㪌 flash ÂԧࢌÒä»·ÕµÑÇẺ ËÃ×Í·ÕàÃÕ¡
è è
¡Ñ¹Ç‹Ò ¡Òõºá¿Åª¹Ñ¹àͧ è
- 24. Thank You for attendance
Thank you
Hope attendance.enjoy taking photos.
For everyone
Hope everyone enjoy
Taking photos
Yeahhh !!