The document discusses Naxalism, a radical left-wing extremist movement in India that originated in the late 1960s. It began as an uprising among low-caste peasants in the village of Naxalbari and was led by extremist factions of the Communist Party of India. The movement advocates for violent revolution to establish lower-class rule and a communist state. It spread from West Bengal to other states and remains active today across parts of central and eastern India known as the "Red Corridor." While government efforts have reduced violence, more work is needed to fully address the socioeconomic causes that fuel the movement, including poverty, lack of development, and unemployment.

3. 
“Naxal” comes from “Naxalbari” village in West Bengal.

Origin- Split in the Communist Party of India.

Naxalism- An informal name given to radical, often violent,
revolutionary communist groups that were born out of the SinoSoviet split in Indian Communist Movement.

Initial centre was West Bengal. Later it spread into Chhattisgarh,
Orissa and Andhra Pradesh.

4. 
fight for downtrodden

want equal social and financial status for all

work for decentralization of power

employ terror as a political weapon

use religion as a cover for terrorist activities

organized mostly where there is forest cover

6. 
West Bengal, India- birthplace of naxalism.

Originated by Kanu Sanyal (believer of communist ideology).

The term naxalism was led by Charu Majumdar.

Majumdar inspired by the doctrines of Mao zedog advocated that
peasants and tribals overthrow the government and the upper
class by force.

His ideology was spread through his writings, particularly the
“Historic Eight Documents” which formed the basis of naxalite
ideology.

7. 
Social causes: poverty, socialization, social motives,
rumors, etc.

Biological causes: birth, location, etc.

Psychological causes: culture, leadership, impression,
perception, etc.

9. 
Naxalites are active in 220 districts in 20 states as of 2009.

Account for about 40% of India’s geographical area.

Concentrated in an area known as the “Red Corridor”
where they control 92,000 km2.

10. 
POVERTY

UNEMPLOYMENT including UNDEREMPLOYMENT

11. 
Time to focus on elimination of naxal terror network entirely.

The intelligence network has to be strengthened.

Threat is more from these anti national elements as compared
to hostile neighboring countries.

Training and equipping of police forces and also development of
police leadership needs.

Even other various social issues are to be given prior obligations
on the part of the government.

13. 
Imparting education

Generate employment

Eradicate poverty

15. 
Government has formulated 2 strategies :
1.
Law and Order Approach
2.
Social Integration Approach

The laws made by government
1.
Rehabilitation and Resettlement Policy, 2007
2.
Forests Rights Act, 2005

Strategy:
1.
Strengthen intelligence set up at state level
2.
Accelerate development
3.
Police action against Naxalites and their infrastructure.

17. 
The steps taken by the government is effective as the violence is
decreased but naxalites are still alive. Hence current steps taken are
not enough and more efforts need to be put in to eradicate poverty,
generate employment, more education schemes, awareness
programmes need to be started. Only with consolidation efforts on
the part of the legal and political framework, socio-economic reforms
can be implemented and the problem of naxalism can be tackled.

18. 


Alina Angle
FyBA
A13-7649