Listen to Josh Davis, Research Scientist II & Manager at Georgia Tech Research Institute and Co-Founder at Military Open Source Software (Mil-OSS) as he provides a brief overview of the US Military and Government's adoption of open source software. This session also includes an introduction the Military Open Source Software community.
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Joshua Davis - Intro to Mil-OSS
1. An Introduction to
Military Open Source Software
Mil-‐OSS
connects
and
empowers
an
ac=ve
community
of
civilian
and
military
open
source
soBware
and
hardware
developers
across
the
United
States.
This
grassroots
movement
is
a
collec=on
of
diverse
patriots
that
work
for
and
with
the
Department
of
Defense
and
believe
in
adop=ng
open
technology
innova=on
philosophies
to
effec=vely
defend
our
na=on.
An
Introduc+on
to
the
Mil-‐OSS
Community
mil-‐oss.org
19
JAN
2012
1
2. ABOUT OPEN SOURCE
An
Introduc+on
to
the
Mil-‐OSS
Community
mil-‐oss.org
19
JAN
2012
2
11. About Open Source
The
DoD
Defini+on
"Open
Source
SoBware
(OSS)
is
soBware
for
which
the
human-‐readable
source
code
is
available
for
use,
study,
What Is OSS reuse,
modifica=on,
enhancement,
and
redistribu=on
by
the
users
of
that
soBware.
In
other
words,
OSS
is
soBware
Defini+on
for
which
the
source
code
is
'open'."
Abundance
Licensing
Community
Structure
Clarifying
Guidance
Regarding
OSS
(2009)
An
Introduc+on
to
the
Mil-‐OSS
Community
mil-‐oss.org
19
JAN
2012
11
12. About Open Source
Abundance
of
OSS
• Over
half
a
million
projects
• Over
5,000
sites
for
projects
What Is OSS
• Over
2,000
licenses
Defini=on
• Approx.
20%
of
all
code
is
Open
Source
Abundance
• Approx.
95%
of
code
bases
contain
undisclosed
OSS
code
Licensing
• Over
50%
of
code
bases
contain
unknown
or
reciprocal
(or
Community
Structure
protec=ve)
licenses
Black
Duck
SoBware
An
Introduc+on
to
the
Mil-‐OSS
Community
mil-‐oss.org
19
JAN
2012
12
13. About Open Source
OSS
Licensing
Overview
• OSS
Licensing
is
designed
to
protect
the
open
What Is OSS distributability
of
the
soBware.
Defini=on
• Licenses
classified
as
Restric=ve
or
Permissive
Abundance
• Common
aspects
of
OSS
licensing
include:
Licensing
– Encourage
uncontrolled
combina=on
and
reuse
Community
Structure
– Typically
have
no
acceptance
procedures
– OBen
impose
sharing
obliga=ons
on
users
An
Introduc+on
to
the
Mil-‐OSS
Community
mil-‐oss.org
19
JAN
2012
13
14. About Open Source
Community
• Low
barriers
to
entry
(for
a
majority
of
projects)
What Is OSS • "The
Commons"
to
specific
problems
&
technologies
Defini=on
• Collabora=ve
innova=on
Abundance
Licensing
Community
Structure
An
Introduc+on
to
the
Mil-‐OSS
Community
mil-‐oss.org
19
JAN
2012
14
15. About Open Source
Exis+ng
Projects
• Many
solu=ons
already
exist,
don’t
reinvent
wheels
Why OSS • Discover
previous
success
and
failures
Exis+ng
Projects
• Find
poten=al
partners
with
similar
needs
and
ideas
New
Projects
Highly
Adaptable
Cost-‐Effec=ve
Solu=ons
Security
Model
An
Introduc+on
to
the
Mil-‐OSS
Community
mil-‐oss.org
19
JAN
2012
15
16. About Open Source
New
Projects
• OSS
new
projects
to
increase
innova=on,
reuse,
etc.
Why OSS • A
primary
tool
to
establish
a
community
Exis=ng
Projects
• Can
steer
innova=on
to
a
higher-‐level
of
compe==on
New
Projects
(infrastructure
vs.
applica=on
layer)
Highly
Adaptable
• Low
barrier
to
start
-‐
licensing
choice
one
of
the
most
Cost-‐Effec=ve
Solu=ons
important
decisions
Security
Model
An
Introduc+on
to
the
Mil-‐OSS
Community
mil-‐oss.org
19
JAN
2012
16
17. About Open Source
Highly
Adaptable
• Time
becer
spent
on
innova=on
than
re-‐establishing
Why OSS the
baseline
Exis=ng
Projects
• Create
and
expand
pluggable
pladorms
New
Projects
Highly
Adaptable
Cost-‐Effec=ve
Solu=ons
Security
Model
An
Introduc+on
to
the
Mil-‐OSS
Community
mil-‐oss.org
19
JAN
2012
17
18. About Open Source
Cost-‐Effec+ve
Solu+ons
• Redundant
problems
should
never
be
met
with
Why OSS redundant
problem
solving
Exis=ng
Projects
• U=lizes
the
r3
Principle
New
Projects
– Reuse
when
Possible
Highly
Adaptable
– Repurpose
when
Prac=cal
Cost-‐Effec+ve
Solu+ons
– Recycle
when
Plausible
Security
Model
An
Introduc+on
to
the
Mil-‐OSS
Community
mil-‐oss.org
19
JAN
2012
18
19. About Open Source
Security
Model
• Built
On
Actual
Hardening
Rather
Than
Obfusca=on
Why OSS • Wide
Peer
Review
Exis=ng
Projects
• The
Naked
Truth
New
Projects
"If
we
all
had
to
walk
around
naked
we'd
all
spend
more
8me
in
Highly
Adaptable
the
gym.“
-‐
Jim
Whitehurst,
Red
Hat
CEO
Cost-‐Effec=ve
Solu=ons
Security
Model
An
Introduc+on
to
the
Mil-‐OSS
Community
mil-‐oss.org
19
JAN
2012
19
22. OPEN SOURCE IN THE
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE
An
Introduc+on
to
the
Mil-‐OSS
Community
mil-‐oss.org
19
JAN
2012
22
23. Open Source in the DoD
FAR
&
DFARS
Regula+ons
• OSS
is
considered
“commercial
computer
soBware”
and
therefore
allowable
under
the
United
States
Code,
the
OSS in the DoD Federal
Acquisi=on
Regula=ons
(FAR),
and
the
Defense
Federal
Acquisi=on
Supplement
(DFARS)
FAR/DFARS
Regula+ons
DoD
Policy
• OSS
oBen
considered
“commercial
off-‐the-‐shelf”
(COTS)
per
41USC403
The
‘Value
Added’
• OSS
is
preferred
as
commercial
and
Inter-‐Agency
Sharing
nondevelopmental
items
(NDI)
Re-‐Deployable
Solu=ons
“to
the
maximum
extent
prac=cable”
under
10
USC
2377
Vendor-‐Neutral
Obstacles
for
DoD
41
USC
403;
FAR
2.101,
FAR
12;
DFARS
212.212,
DFARS
252
An
Introduc+on
to
the
Mil-‐OSS
Community
mil-‐oss.org
19
JAN
2012
23
24. Open Source in the DoD
Military
Policy
Governing
OSS
• DoD
Policy
OSS in the DoD – 2003
OSS
in
the
DoD
(Stenbit
Memo)
FAR/DFARS
Regula=ons
– 2006
Open
Technology
Development
Roadmap
DoD
Policy
– 2009
Clarifying
Guidance
Regarding
Open
Source
The
‘Value
Added’
– 2010
Becer
Buying
Power
(Carter
Memo)
Inter-‐Agency
Sharing
• U.S.
Army
Re-‐Deployable
Solu=ons
Vendor-‐Neutral
– AR
25-‐2
p4-‐6
Obstacles
for
DoD
• U.S.
Navy
– 2007
Open
Source
SoBware
Guidance
An
Introduc+on
to
the
Mil-‐OSS
Community
mil-‐oss.org
19
JAN
2012
24
25. Open Source in the DoD
The
“Value
Added”
• Cost-‐Effec=ve
Development
OSS in the DoD • Highly
Efficient
FAR/DFARS
Regula=ons
• Increased
produc=vity
DoD
Policy
• Increased
innova=on
The
‘Value
Added’
Inter-‐Agency
Sharing
• Increased
collabora=on
Re-‐Deployable
Solu=ons
Vendor-‐Neutral
Obstacles
for
DoD
An
Introduc+on
to
the
Mil-‐OSS
Community
mil-‐oss.org
19
JAN
2012
25
26. Open Source in the DoD
Inter-‐Agency
Sharing
• Without
communi=es
of
interest
around
Defense-‐
OSS in the DoD related
OSS
projects,
they
too
oBen
go
unknown
and
unused
FAR/DFARS
Regula=ons
• Improve
the
project
by
involving
other-‐agency
input
DoD
Policy
and
collabora=on
The
‘Value
Added’
• NASA
found
it
is
easier
to
share
agency-‐to-‐agency
Inter-‐Agency
Sharing
under
OSS
license
than
under
government
re-‐use
Re-‐Deployable
Solu=ons
regula=ons
Vendor-‐Neutral
Obstacles
for
DoD
An
Introduc+on
to
the
Mil-‐OSS
Community
mil-‐oss.org
19
JAN
2012
26
27. Open Source in the DoD
Re-‐Deployable
Solu+ons
• The
military
lends
itself
to
redundant
problems
OSS in the DoD • Redundant
problems
should
never
be
met
with
FAR/DFARS
Regula=ons
redundant
problem
solving.
DoD
Policy
• Open
Source
enables
the
reuse
of
solu=ons
to
common
The
‘Value
Added’
problems
Inter-‐Agency
Sharing
• Adaptability
to
expand
from
a
basic
problem
into
a
new
Re-‐Deployable
Solu+ons
solu=on
or
service.
Vendor-‐Neutral
Obstacles
for
DoD
An
Introduc+on
to
the
Mil-‐OSS
Community
mil-‐oss.org
19
JAN
2012
27
28. Open Source in the DoD
Vendor-‐Neutral
• Readable
source
code
makes
it
impossible
to
become
OSS in the DoD locked-‐in
with
a
specific
vendor
FAR/DFARS
Regula=ons
• Future
vendor
compe==on
DoD
Policy
• Rapid
deployment
is
a
strong
case
in
the
DoD
The
‘Value
Added’
• IT
tools
for
evolving
mission
solu=ons.
Inter-‐Agency
Sharing
Re-‐Deployable
Solu=ons
Vendor-‐Neutral
Obstacles
for
DoD
An
Introduc+on
to
the
Mil-‐OSS
Community
mil-‐oss.org
19
JAN
2012
28
29. Open Source in the DoD
Obstacles
for
DoD
• Ensure
OSS
fairly
considered
in
acquisi+ons
– Some
acquisi=on
processes/policies
not
updated
for
OSS
OSS in the DoD
– Many
PMs
unfamiliar
with
OSS:
don’t
consider
it
FAR/DFARS
Regula=ons
– Many
OSS
projects
ignore
solicita=ons
&
RFPs
DoD
Policy
• Different
economics:
Pay-‐up-‐front
for
improvements
The
‘Value
Added’
– Some
policies
presume
proprietary
COTS’
pay-‐per-‐use
model
Inter-‐Agency
Sharing
– Can
pay
in
$
or
=me,
can
compete,
can
cost-‐share
with
others
Re-‐Deployable
Solu=ons
• Transi+on
costs
of
pre-‐exis+ng
systems
Vendor-‐Neutral
– Especially
if
dependent
on
proprietary
formats/protocols/APIs
Obstacles
for
DoD
– Use
open
standards
so
can
switch
(mul=-‐vendor,
no
‘RAND’
patents)
• Emphasize
web-‐based
apps/SOA/plaborm-‐neutral
– test
it!
– Vendor
lock-‐in
oBen
increases
TCO;
transi=on
may
be
worthwhile
An
Introduc+on
to
the
Mil-‐OSS
Community
mil-‐oss.org
19
JAN
2012
29
30. ABOUT OUR COMMUNITY
An
Introduc+on
to
the
Mil-‐OSS
Community
mil-‐oss.org
19
JAN
2012
30
31. About Our Community
Our
Mission
Mil-‐OSS
exists
to
improve
technology
development
and
Who We Are innova=on
across
the
DoD
by
connec=ng
and
empowering
an
ac=ve
community
of
patrio=c
developers
and
solu=on
Our
Mission
providers,
improving
use
of
the
taxpayers'
funds
through
Our
Goals
thorough
requirements
extrac=on,
wise
execu=on,
and
increasing
the
speed
new
technologies
enable
the
Our
Guiding
Principles
Warfighter
by
leveraging
open
source
and
open
Steering
Commicee
technology
innova=on
philosophies.
An
Introduc+on
to
the
Mil-‐OSS
Community
mil-‐oss.org
19
JAN
2012
31
32. About Our Community
Our
Goals
• Create
new
open
source
solu=ons
that
are
more
Who We Are effec=ve
for
the
Warfighter
Our
Mission
• Increase
reuse
of
code
and
exis=ng
open
source
projects
Our
Goals
Our
Guiding
Principles
• Increase
awareness
of
exis=ng
reusable
and
open
source
technologies
Steering
Commicee
• Ini=ate
events
and
opportuni=es
that
enable
Warfighters
to
transfer
requirements
directly
to
developers
• Educate
developers
on
how
to
becer
develop
for
the
Warfighter
• Improve
collabora=on
with
allies
An
Introduc+on
to
the
Mil-‐OSS
Community
mil-‐oss.org
19
JAN
2012
32
33. About Our Community
Our
Guiding
Principles
• We
believe
that
contribu=ng
to
OSS
in
the
DoD
is
a
Who We Are patrio=c
contribu=on
to
our
na=onal
defense.
Our
Mission
• We
believe
that
as
stewards
of
taxpayer
funds,
we
are
responsible
to
be
efficient,
cost-‐effec=ve
and
Our
Goals
innova=ve.
Our
Guiding
Principles
• We
believe
in
the
innova=ve
power
of
people,
Steering
Commicee
especially
in
large
numbers.
• We
believe
in
finding
and
mee=ng
challenges—good
solu=ons
to
real
problems
will
find
their
needed
funding.
An
Introduc+on
to
the
Mil-‐OSS
Community
mil-‐oss.org
19
JAN
2012
33
34. About Our Community
Steering
Commidee
• Joshua
L.
Davis,
Georgia
Tech
Research
Ins=tute
Who We Are • John
Scod,
Radiant
Blue
Our
Mission
• Heather
Burke,
U.S.N.
(Civilian
at
SPAWAR)
Our
Goals
• Gunnar
Hellekson,
Red
Hat
Our
Guiding
Principles
Steering
Commidee
• David
Wheeler,
IDA
• Daniel
Risacher,
DoD
(Civilian
at
DoD
CIO
NII)
• Kane
McLean,
BRTRC
• Michael
Howard,
Qine=q
• Winston
Messer,
Open
Source
SoBware
Ins=tute
An
Introduc+on
to
the
Mil-‐OSS
Community
mil-‐oss.org
19
JAN
2012
34
35. About Our Community
Defense
Professionals
Mil-‐OSS
is
a
grass-‐roots
organiza=on
made
up
of
.
.
.
Where We Are • Ac=ve
community
of
civilians
and
military
across
the
Defense
Professionals
U.S.
Dept.
of
Defense
(DoD)
Na=onal
Events
• Open
Source
SoBware
(OSS)
and
Open
Source
Local
Events
Hardware
(OSHW)
Enthusiasts
Policy
Engagement
• Patriots
who
seek
to
improve
soBware
Online
Resources
security,
control
development
costs
and
increase
innova=on
in
support
of
our
na=onal
defense
An
Introduc+on
to
the
Mil-‐OSS
Community
mil-‐oss.org
19
JAN
2012
35
36. About Our Community
Na+onal
Events
• Annual
Mil-‐OSS
Working
Group
Where We Are • Mil-‐OSS
LANT
Defense
Professionals
Na+onal
Events
Local
Events
Policy
Engagement
Online
Resources
An
Introduc+on
to
the
Mil-‐OSS
Community
mil-‐oss.org
19
JAN
2012
36
37. About Our Community
Local
Events
• Atlanta
—
Monthly
Breakfast
Where We Are • Boston
—
Details
Being
Worked
Out
Defense
Professionals
• Charleston
—
Launching
in
May
Na=onal
Events
• San
Diego
—
Monthly
Drinks
Local
Events
Policy
Engagement
• Washington,
D.C.
Online
Resources
– Monthly
Lunch
– Quarterly
OpenGEO
&
Mil-‐OSS
Meet-‐up
• Online
—
Details
Being
Worked
Out
An
Introduc+on
to
the
Mil-‐OSS
Community
mil-‐oss.org
19
JAN
2012
37
38. About Our Community
Policy
Engagement
• If
regula=ons
or
policy
are
being
discussed,
there
is
a
Where We Are strong
chance
someone
from
Mil-‐OSS
is
at
the
table
Defense
Professionals
• Mil-‐OSS
members
have
been
part
of
the
most
important
OSS
policy
developments
Na=onal
Events
Local
Events
Policy
Engagement
Online
Resources
An
Introduc+on
to
the
Mil-‐OSS
Community
mil-‐oss.org
19
JAN
2012
38
39. About Our Community
Online
Resources
• Google
Group
-‐
groups.google.com/group/mil-‐oss
Where We Are • Facebook
-‐
facebook.com/groups/miloss
Defense
Professionals
• Twicer
-‐
twider.com/mil_oss
Na=onal
Events
• LinkedIn
-‐
linkedin.com/groups?gid=3273107
Local
Events
Policy
Engagement
• SlideShare
-‐
slideshare.net/group/military-‐open-‐source-‐somware
Online
Resources
• Vimeo
-‐
vimeo.com/channels/miloss
• Flickr
-‐
flickr.com/groups/mil-‐oss
• RSS
Feed
-‐
mil-‐oss.org/index.php?format=feed&type=rss
An
Introduc+on
to
the
Mil-‐OSS
Community
mil-‐oss.org
19
JAN
2012
39
40. GETTING INVOLVED
An
Introduc+on
to
the
Mil-‐OSS
Community
mil-‐oss.org
19
JAN
2012
40
41. Getting Involved
Adend
Events
• Local
Events
Getting Involved – Meet-‐ups
Adend
Events
– Breakfasts
/
Lunches
/
Drinks
Engage
the
Community
• Na=onal
Events
Collaborate
and
Share
– Mil-‐OSS
LANT
(Charleston,
May
2012)
– Mil-‐OSS
WG4
(Orlando,
October
2012)
• Start
Another
One
– If
you
have
idea
there
are
many
within
the
community
to
help
make
it
happen
An
Introduc+on
to
the
Mil-‐OSS
Community
mil-‐oss.org
19
JAN
2012
41
42. Getting Involved
Engage
the
Community
• Subscribe
to
and
post
Getting Involved in
the
Google
Group
Acend
Events
• Engage
on
Facebook
&
Twicer
Engage
the
Community
Collaborate
and
Share
• Chat
with
members
at
local
events
An
Introduc+on
to
the
Mil-‐OSS
Community
mil-‐oss.org
19
JAN
2012
42
43. Getting Involved
Collaborate
and
Share
• Start
new
projects
Getting Involved • Recruit
Mil-‐OSS
members
to
par=cipate
Acend
Events
• Help
others
understand
OSS
Engage
the
Community
• See
OSS
happening
in
the
Government,
tell
others
Collaborate
and
Share
• When
you
see
something,
say
something.
An
Introduc+on
to
the
Mil-‐OSS
Community
mil-‐oss.org
19
JAN
2012
43
44.
Contact
Informa+on
Joshua
L.
Davis
joshua.davis@gtri.gatech.edu
Website
mil-‐oss.org
Phone
202.455.8089
General
Email
contact@mil-‐oss.org
Media
Inquiries
publicaffairs@mil-‐oss.org
An
Introduc+on
to
the
Mil-‐OSS
Community
mil-‐oss.org
19
JAN
2012
44