We have put together a list of 9 essential services naval architects contribute with, in order to highlight their critical role in constructing and maintaining a functional and safe ship.

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ESSENTIAL SERVICES
NAVAL ARCHITECTS
They will be dealing with the engineering
design process, the shipbuilding, regular
maintenances, conversions,
the repairs and operation of marine
vessels and structures.
Concept design provides basis for all future development of
the ship by:
• analyzing the client’s request and proposing solutions
• generating list of requirements for the options
• developping basic system specifications:
- ship type
- deadweight
- type of propulsion
- service speed
Engineers will propose the concept that minimizes Life Cycle
Cost and Total Cost of Ownership and maximising function.
• General Arrangement draft defining compartment
configuration,
• Preliminary body plan that allows evaluation of the
stability and cargo capacity,
• Diagram of main piping systems,
• Prevision of the propulsive power,
• Estimative of the lightship weight,
• Approximate ship cost.
MACHINERY
• Equipment layout
• Piping isometry and
assembly
STRUCTURE
• Detailed hull design
• Outfittings
• Accomodation
ELECTRICAL
• Equipment layout
• Cable arrangements
WORKSHOP DRAWINGS
Engineers will develop detail designs that implement the
basic drafts. The designs will:
• Generate 3D drawings, calculations and documents that
have to be approved by the shipowner, class society
and national authority,
• Provide highly specific blueprints
that are to be used in the manufacturing
and assembly of the pipe systems and other installations,
• Generate materials list for procurement.
Predicts fluid flow, heat and mass transfer, chemical
reactions and related phenomena surrounding structures.
Ensures that the design will withstand steady-state
loading conditions.
e.g. the grounding ship structure response during salvage
operation
Predicts the behavior of structures subject to loads which
vary in time. These also include the study of free vibrations.
(i.e. the oscillations of a structure after the force causing the
motion has been removed).
Provides data regarding the entire ship’s motions under
the effect of wave forces.
Fatigue is failure under the effect of repeated or varying
load. This type of analysis is used to determine product
durability.
e.g. designing fire insulation, exhaust gasses lines
Evaluates the heat flux in critical areas of structures with
thermal risks.
e.g. pressurisation and depressurisation on pipe lines
e.g. effects of extreme-wave conditions on offshore/
onshore structures
e.g. study of water dynamics for a swimming pool on a
cruise ship
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naval_architecture
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finite_element_method#The_structure_of_finite_element_methods
http://www.mar.ist.utl.pt/mventura/Projecto-Navios-I/EN/SD-1.1.1-Design%20Process.pdf
https://sectormaritimo.es/3-01-a-next-generation-of-3d-cad-tool-for-basic-ship-design
CONCEPT DESIGN & FEED
9
NAVAL ARCHITECTS
are going to be
present during all stages of a
ship’s life cycle.
They conduct studies that provide
insights into:
They design complex technical
drawings for:
• hydrostatics and hydrodynamics of the ship
• flotation and stability
• safety values
• the lifecycle of the entire structure or the onboard
systems and installations.
• cruise ships
• powerboats
• yachts
• tugs
• barges
• container ships
• tankers
• cargo ships
• ice breakers
• submarines
HOW DOES A NAVAL ARCHITECT CREATE GREAT SHIP DESIGNS?
Naval architects will develop the basic design to meet the
shipowner’s requirements and to be approved by classification
society and national authority. The information devised includes:
1.
STATIC ANALYSIS
- Linear Elastic and Non-linear
4. DYNAMIC ANALYSIS
- Implicit/Explicit
5.
THERMAL ANALYSIS6.
FATIGUE ANALYSIS7.
HYDRODYNAMIC
DIFFRACTION ANALYSIS
8.
COMPUTATIONAL
FLUID DYNAMICS
8.
BASIC DESIGN2.
DETAIL DESIGN
Elements included in the Detail Design:
3.
FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS
Engineers use FEA in order to analyze the behaviour of
structures and entire ships under specific conditions,
such as stress-strain, heat transfer, fluid flow,
electromagnetic potential.
FEASIBILITY STUDIES
SHIP DESIGN
SHIPBUILDING
INDUSTRY
The further development of the
concept requires Front End Engineering
Design (FEED).
This defines the schematics, diagrams
and layouts that in order to:
• Develop the engineering design
package,
• Provide foundation for the
engineering phase,
• Estimate the rough initial costs.
supply for the