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HCI 3e - Ch 17: Models of the system

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Alan Dix
Alan Dix

Chapter 17: Models of the system from Dix, Finlay, Abowd and Beale (2004). Human-Computer Interaction, third edition. Prentice Hall. ISBN 0-13-239864-8. http://www.hcibook.com/e3/

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chapter 17 models of the system
Models of the System ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
types of system model ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],specific system generic issues
Relationship with dialogue ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Irony ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
standard formalisms general computing notations to specify a particular system
standard formalisms ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Uses of SE formal notations ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
model-based methods ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
model-based methods ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Mathematics and programs ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
running example … ,[object Object],[object Object]
define your own types ,[object Object],[object Object],Point == Nat  Nat shape: {line, ellipse, rectangle} x, y: Point – position of centre wid: Nat ht: Nat – size of shape Shape ==
… yet another type definition ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
use them to define state shapes: Shape_Dict selection: set Id – selected objects
invariants and initial state selection  dom shapes – selection must consist of valid objects invariants – conditions that are always be true – must be preserved by every operation dom shapes = {} – no objects selection = {} – selection is empty initial state – how the system starts!
Defining operations ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],selection' = {} – new selection is empty shapes' = shapes – but nothing else changes unselect:
… another operation dom shapes' = dom shapes – selection – remove selected objects  id  dom shapes' shapes' (id) = shapes(id) – remaining objects unchanged selection' = {} – new selection is empty delete:  note again use of primed variables for ‘new’ state
display/presentation ,[object Object],Shape_Type highlight: Bool Visible_Shape_Type = display: vis_objects: set Visible_Shape_Type vis_objects = { ( objects(id), sel(id) ) | id  dom objects } where sel(id ) = id  selection
Interface issues ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Algebraic notations ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Return to graphics example ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Issues for algebraic notations ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Extended logics ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Temporal logics ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object], 
Explicit time ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Deontic logics ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Issues for extended logics ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
interaction models PIE model defining properties undo
Interaction models ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
the PIE model ,[object Object],[object Object]
PIE model – user input ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
PIE model – system response ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
PIE model – the connection ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
More formally ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Expressing properties ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Observability & predictability ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
what you get at the printer ,[object Object],[object Object],result display
stronger – what is in the state ,[object Object],[object Object],P I E R D predict result display E identity on E
Relaxing the property ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],P E R O D I result observe g f
Reachability and undo ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
proving things – undo ,[object Object],[object Object]
lesson ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Issues for PIE properties ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
continuous behaviour mouse movement status–event & hybrid models granularity and gestalt
dealing with the mouse ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
formal aspects of status–event ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
interstitial behaviour ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
formalised … ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],current / history of
status–change events ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],meaningful events more on status-event analysis in chapter 18
making everything continuous ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],x = vt – 1 / 2 gt 2 = v dx dt = –g dv dt
hybrid models ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],status–status mappings continuous input discrete input threshold continuous output discrete output object state enable/disable discrete computation status–change events depend on discrete state
common features ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
granularity and Gestalt ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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HCI 3e - Ch 17: Models of the system

  • 1. chapter 17 models of the system
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  • 6. standard formalisms general computing notations to specify a particular system
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  • 15. use them to define state shapes: Shape_Dict selection: set Id – selected objects
  • 16. invariants and initial state selection  dom shapes – selection must consist of valid objects invariants – conditions that are always be true – must be preserved by every operation dom shapes = {} – no objects selection = {} – selection is empty initial state – how the system starts!
  • 17.
  • 18. … another operation dom shapes' = dom shapes – selection – remove selected objects  id  dom shapes' shapes' (id) = shapes(id) – remaining objects unchanged selection' = {} – new selection is empty delete:  note again use of primed variables for ‘new’ state
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  • 29. interaction models PIE model defining properties undo
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  • 45. continuous behaviour mouse movement status–event & hybrid models granularity and gestalt
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