PRESENTATION BY:
AKASH R
3rd
SEM MCA
CHINTECH

History
4G and Its Limitations
5G Concept
Key Technologies
Benefits
Applications
Conclusion

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In this presentation we will discuss 5G wireless systems,
better known as 5th generation mobile technology.
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Mobile wireless industry had started its technology creation,
revolution and evolution since early 1970’s.
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5G wireless technology can change the way we use wireless
gadgets by providing very high bandwidth.

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The 5G should be featured with intelligent technology that
interconnects the entire world without limits.
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5G introduces a whole new concept of multi-path data path
scheme for a real wireless world, a complete wwww.
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Thus, 5G should add a number of added advantages over
the present 4G technology.

1G: were designed to offer a single service, i.e., speech.
2G:were also designed primarily to offer speech with a
limited capability to offer data at low rates.
3G:are expected to offer high-quality multi-media services
and operate in different environments.
4G:dynamic information access ,variable devices.

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 At the end of the 1940’s, the first radio telephone
service was introduced, and was designed to users in
cars to the public land-line based telephone network.
 In the 1960’s, a system launched by Bell Systems,
called, Improved Mobile Telephone Service (IMTS),
brought quite a few improvements such as direct dialing
and more bandwidth. The very first analog systems were
based upon IMTS and were created in the late 60s and
early 70s.
0G

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1G was an analogue system, and was
developed in the 70’s. 1G had two major improvements, this
was the invention of the micro-processor, and the digital
transform of the control link b/w the phone and the cell site.
AMPS was 1st
launched by the us and
is a 1G mobile system based on FDMA, it allows users to
make voice calls in country.
1G

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2G
2G devices using GSM were 1st
used early of 90’s
in Europe. GSM provides voice and limited data service , and uses
digital modulation for improved audio quality. The development of 2G
cellular system was driven by the need to improve
>transmission quality.
>system capacity.
>coverage
2G uses the standards such as
>GSM
>DAMPS
>CDMA

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3G
3G technology adds multimedia facilities to 2G devices by allowing
video, audio, and graphics applications over 3G devices. You can
watch streaming video or have video telephony
 3G networks provide the ability to transfer voice data and non-
voice data over the same network simultaneously
 3G networks deliver broadband capacity and support greater
numbers of voice and data customers at lower incremental costs than
2G.
Standards:
- W-CDMA: Wideband Code Division Multiple Access
- EVDO: Evolution-Data Optimized

4G technology refer to or short name of fourth Generation
which was started from late 2000s.
Capable of providing 100Mbps – 1Gbps speed.
One of the basic term used to describe 4G is MAGIC.
MAGIC:
» Mobile Multimedia
» Anytime Anywhere
» Global Mobility Support
» Integrated Wireless Solution
» Customized Personal Services
» Also known as Mobile Broadband Everywhere.
4G

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4G
High network capacity: more simultaneous users per cell
 A data rate of at least 100 Mbit/s between any two points in the world
 Seamless connectivity and global roaming across multiple networks
Standards :
>LTE Advanced
>WirelessMAN-Advanced
>WiMAX (IEEE 802.16e)

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FDMA – Frequency Division Multiple Access
Each phone call is allocated one frequency for the entire
duration of the call

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TDMA - Time Division Multiple Access
Each phone call is allocated a spot in the frequency for a
small amount of time, and "takes turns" being transmitted

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CDMA –Code Division Multiple Access
Form of multiplexing
Does not divide up the channel by time or frequency
Encodes data with a special code associated with each
channel

Long Term Evolution (LTE) is a radio platform technology that
will allow operators to achieve even higher peak throughputs than
HSPA+ in higher spectrum bandwidth.
The overall objective for LTE is to provide an extremely high
performance radio-access technology that offers full vehicular speed
mobility and that can readily coexist with HSPA and earlier
networks. Because of scalable bandwidth, operators will be able to
easily migrate their networks and users from HSPA to LTE over
time.
LTE assumes a full Internet Protocol (IP) network architecture
and is designed to support voice in the packet domain.
LTE

Is a wireless communication standard designed to
provide 30 to 40Mbps data rates. With the 2011 update
providing up to 1Gbps for fixed stations.
The name wimax was created by the wimax forum,
which was formed in June 2001 to promote conformity
and interoperability of the standard
The forum describes wimax as a standard –based
technology enabling the delivery of last mile wireless
broadband access as an alternative to cable and DSL

 World Interoperability for Microwave Access
There are two main applications of WiMAX:
– Fixed WiMAX (IEEE 802.16-2004) - Fixed WiMAX
applications are point-to-multipoint enabling the delivery of last
mile wireless broadband access as an alternative to cable and
DSL for homes and businesses.
– Mobile WiMAX (IEEE 802.16e-2005) - Mobile WiMAX
offers the full mobility of cellular networks at true broadband
speeds.

1G DRAWBACKS
Poor voice quality
Poor battery life of devices
Large device size
No security
Frequent call drops
Limited n/w capacity
Poor hand off reliability

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2G DRAWBACKS
The GSM is circuit switched, circuit oriented technology,
where the end systems are dedicated for entire call session.
This causes inefficiency in usage of band width and
resources
The GSM enabled systems do not support high data rates
They are unable to handle complex data such as video

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3G DRAWBACKS
High band width requirement
High spectrum licensing fee
Huge capital
Power consumption is high

Difficulty of CDMA to provide higher data rates
Need for continuously increasing data rate and
bandwidth to meet the multimedia requirements
Limitation of spectrum and it’s allocation
Inability to roam between different services
To provide a seamless transport end-to-end
Mechanism

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>Battery uses is more
>Hard to implement
>Need complicated hardware
>Expensive equipment required
to implement next generation
network.

4G VS 5G

substantial growth in
overall number of subscribers
massive demand of new data services which can be either
data,audio,image or video
Difficult to move and interoperate due to different standards
hampering global mobility and service portability
WHY 5G IS REQUIRED

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WHY 5G IS REQUIRED
>These factors are enough to cause a substantial bottle neck in cellular
communication system
>Through the projected data rate around 100Mbps in 4G.Actual data rate
is slower.
>Data service like multimedia are going to play modest role and will
dominate the cellular traffic instead of voice in future in such
scenario the present 2G and 3G system will saturated and will have no
room to survive.
>Demand for increasing data rate leads to higher band width
requirement.

WHAT IS 5G...?
Fifth Generation
Communication (5G)4G4G
5G (5th generation mobile networks or
5th generation wireless systems) denotes
the next major phase of mobile
telecommunications standards beyond the
current 4G/IMT-Advanced standards. 5G
is also referred to as beyond 2020 mobile
communications technologies.
 5G networks are projected to provide
speeds above 1 Gbps.
2G2G
3G3G
1G1G
0G0G
5G5G

>5G envisions to design a real wireless world, that is free from
obstacles of the earlier generations.
>This requires an integration of networks.
>5G aims to design a Multi-Bandwidth Data Path by integrating
the current and future networks for new network architecture
of 5G real wireless world.
Vision of 5G

Integration of different networks to attain a
Multi-bandwidth data path.

Key Concepts of 5G
 Real wireless world with no more limitation with
access and zone issues.
 Wearable devices with AI capabilities.
 Internet protocol version 6(IPv6).
 One unified global standard.

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Basic Architecture of 5G
5G Mobile Phone Concept

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The 5G terminals will have software
defined radios and modulation schemes as well as new error-control
schemes that can be downloaded from the Internet. The development is
seen towards the user terminals as a focus of the 5G mobile networks.
The terminals will have access to different wireless technologies at the
same time and the terminal should be able to combine different flows
from different technologies.
Basic Architecture of 5G

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OSI Layers in the 5G Mobile Terminal Design

PHYSICAL LAYER :
Physical and Medium Access Control layers i.e. OSI layer 1 and OSI
layer 2, define the wireless technology. For these two layers the 5G
mobile networks is likely to be based on Open Wireless
Architecture(OWA).
NETWORK LAYER:
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All mobile networks will use mobile IP
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Each mobile terminal will be FA (Foreign Agent)
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A mobile can be attached to several mobiles or wireless
networks at the same time
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Separation of network layer into two sub-layers:
(i) Lower network layer (for each interface)
(ii) Upper network layer (for the mobile terminal)

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Wireless network differs from wired network regarding the
transport layer
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In all TCP versions the assumption is that lost segments are
due to network congestion
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5G mobile terminals have transport layer that is possible to be
downloaded & installed – Open Transport Protocol (OTP)
Open Transport Protocol (OTP):
Application (service) Layer:
Provides Quality of Service (QoS)
QoS parameters, such as, delay, losses, BW, reliability, will be
stored in DB of 5G mobile
Presentation layer + Application layer = Application

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Where we are.......
On 12 May 2013, Samsung Electronics stated that they have developed the
world's first "5G" system. The core technology has a maximum speed of tens
of Gbit/s (gigabits per second). In testing, the transfer speeds for the “5G”
network sent data at 1.056 Gbit/s to a distance of up to 2 kilometres.with the
use of an 8*8 MIMO
In July 2013, India and Israel have agreed to work jointly on development of
fifth generation (5G) telecom technologies.
On 1 October 2013, NTT (Nippon Telegraph and Telephone), the same
company to launch world first 5G network in Japan,
On 6 November 2013, Huawei announced plans to invest a minimum of $600
million into R&D for next generation 5G networks capable of speeds 100 times
faster than modern LTE networks
On 8 May 2014, NTT DoCoMo start testing 5G mobile networks with Alcatel
Lucent, Ericsson, Fujitsu, NEC, Nokia and Samsung.
At the end of September 2014, Dresden university inaugurates a 5G
laboratory in partnership with Vodafone

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5G Hardware
Uses UWB (Ultra Wide Band) networks with higher BW at low energy
levels
BW is of 4000 Mbps, which is 400 times faster than today’s wireless
networks
Uses smart antenna

UWB (Ultra Wide Band)
Uwb is an advanced transmission
technology that can be used in the implementation of 4G
network . The secret to uwb is that it is typically detected as
noise . This highly kind of noise does not cause interference
with current radio frequency devices
But it can be decoded by another device that recognizes uwb
and can reassemble it back to a signal.
It uses a frequency b/w 3.1 to 10.6 GHz.
Uwb uses frequency from high to low. There by passing
through objects like sea or layers of rocks , nevertheless
because of the weakness of the signal

Smart Antennas
Multiple “smart antennas” can be employed to help
find, tune, and turn up signal information. Since the
antennas can both “listen” and “talk,” a smart
antenna can send signals back in the same direction
that they came from. This means that the antenna
system cannot only hear many times louder, but
can also respond more loudly and directly as well.
There are two types of smart antennas:-

1.SWITCHED BEAM ANTENNA
Switched beam systems have several available fixed beam
patterns.
A decision is made as to which beam to access, at given
point in time, based up on the requirements of system.
2.ADAPTIVE ARRAY ANTENNA
It represent the most advanced smart antenna
approach to date using a variety of new signal processing
algorithms to locate and track the user, minimize interference,
and maximize intended signal reception.

5G Software
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5G will be single unified standard of different wireless
networks, including LAN technologies, LAN/WAN,
WWWW- World Wide Wireless Web, unified IP &
seamless combination of broadband
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Software defined radio, encryption, flexibility

BENEFITS OF 5G TECHNOLOGY
High Speed, High Capacity
5G technology providing large broadcasting of data in Gbps .
Multi - Media Newspapers, watch T.V programs with the clarity
as to that of an HD Quality.
Faster data transmission that of the
previous generations.
Large Phone Memory, Dialing Speed,
clarity in Audio/Video.
Support interactive multimedia , voice,
streaming video, Internet and other
5G is More Effective and More Attractive.

5G Scenarios
Super real-time
and reliable
connections
Amazingly
fast
Great Service in
a crowd
Ubiquitous things
communicating
Best experience
follows you
delay,
reliability
bit-rate,
delay Accessibility,
dense crowds
simple devices,
coverageAccessibility,
mobility

5G INFRASTRUCTURE

Traffic Control
Telemedicine
Traffic Control during Disaster
……….
Entertainment services
5G IN NORMAL LIFE

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Traffic Control
Some major cities have deployed cameras on traffic
lights and send those images back to a central
command centre . This is generally done by using
fibre . Which limits where the cameras can be hung .
I.e. no fibre no camera. 5g network allows cities to
deploy cameras and backhaul them wirelessly .

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. . . The use of electronic information and
communications technologies to provide and
support health care when distance separates the
participants.
 Paramedic assisting a victim of a traffic
accident in a remote location could access
medical records and establish a video
conference that a remotely based surgeon could
provide “0n scene “ assistance .
Telemedicine

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Telemedicine

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Traffic Control during Disaster
If a hurricane hits the coast and cars start
driving south-east, 5g n/w can allow officials to access traffic
control boxes to change inland traffic lanes to green. Instead of
having to send officers to every box on the roads being
overwhelmed by civilians who are evacuating. It can be done
remotely and dynamically.

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TRAFFIC CONTROL DURING DISASTER

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Applications of 5G
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Wearable devices with AI (Artificial Intelligence) capabilities
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5G i-phones
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Pervasive (Global) networks
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Media independent handover
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Radio resource management
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VoIP (Voice over IP) enabled devices

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 Mobile rings according to your mood...
 You can get an alert from your mobile when some
once opens your intelligent car.
 Able to visualize lively all planets and universe.
 Can fold your mobile as per your desire.
 Can access your office desktop by being at your bedroom.
Applications of 5G

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1G WIRELESS SYSTEM 2G WIRELESS SYSTEMS
MODELS OF
WIRELESS SYSTEM

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4G WIRELESS SYSTEM
3G WIRELESS SYSTEM
Cont….
5G WIRELESS SYSTEM

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Large diversity of
Use cases
&
Requirements
Device-to-Device
Communications
Car-to-Car Comm.
New requirements and
characteristics due to
communicating machines
Avalanche of
Traffic Volume
Further expansion of
mobile broadband
Additional traffic due to
communicating machines
“1000x in ten years”
Massive growth in
Connected
Devices
“Communicating machines”
“50 billion devices in 2020”
5G Challenges

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As the history of mobile communications shows,
attempts have been made to reduce a number of
technologies to a single global standard. Projected 5G
systems offer this promise of a standard that can be
embraced worldwide through its key concept of
integration. Future wireless networks will need to support
diverse IP multimedia applications to allow sharing of
resources among multiple users..
CONCLUSION

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•
5G- User Centric
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The new coming 5G technology will be available in the market
at affordable rates, high peak future & much reliability than
preceding technologies
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5G - a promising Generation of wireless communication that
will change people’s lives.
CONCLUSION

Thank You ...
any queries please...

Reference
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technology from the users perspective” IEEE, Jan.Feb. 2006,
Volume: 20, Issue: 1, pp 35­41
2).X. P. Costa and H. Hartenstein. “A Simulation Study on the
Performance of Mobile IPv6 in a WLAN­based Cellular Network,
Computer Networks”, 40(1):191–204,September 2002.
3).4G­Advanced wireless communication, Savo g. Glisic,2nd edt, john
willy & sons ltd
4). www.India times.com
5). www.3g4gblogspot.com
6). www.4G.co.uk
7)www.google.co.in