1. Migration within Europe

2. Describe the pattern of migration?
Explain the pattern of migration shown?
LO: Migration within Europe

3. European Migration
• Migrants have moved from the east of Europe (Poland,
Romania) into the western core (e.g. UK, France &
Germany).
• They have moved from countries with low GDP to
countries with high ones to find work and earn more
money.
• Migrants have also moved south to the Mediterranean
(e.g. Spain).
• This is because of migrants moving from north Europe
to south Europe (mainly retirees –sunseekers) and
north African migrants crossing the Mediterranean.
LO: Migration within Europe

4. EU open borders
• Most border controls removed in 1995 under the Schengen
Agreement. This agreement meant passports did not
normally need to be shown at EU boarders.
• In 2004 when 8 lower income countries joined the EU (
Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, Poland, Hungary, Slovenia and
the Czech Republic) the UK was one of only 3 countries to
allow free migration of these people. Other EU members
imposed bans for up to 7 years. Consequently the UK was
the top destination for lots of migrants from these new EU
countries.
• This allows labour forces to move about Europe to where
the demand is highest.
LO: Migration within Europe

5. EU open borders
• The EU has set up a boarder control agency
(Frontex) to police boarders with non EU
member countries.
• In January 2014 the UK, along with 8 other EU
countries, lifted its seven year ban on
migrants from Bulgaria and Romania working
in the UK.
• Video here
LO: Migration within Europe

6. EU open borders
• A large number of the polish who have come
to the UK are low paid service jobs (plumber,
hotel work or farm labourers)
• The UK has a large percentage of migrants but
today they are all scattered around the UK
(including a lot in rural areas working on farms
and hotels). In the past they have been
concentrated in the cities.
LO: Migration within Europe

7. Illegal migrants into
Europe from Africa
• Video here
– Make notes as we watch. Lots of overlapping
points with European Migration.
LO: Migration within Europe